In bariatric practice, a preoperative weight loss of at least 5% is recommended. However, the hypocaloric diets prescribed vary and no consensus exists. This study examined the efficacy of preoperative diets in achieving 5% weight loss. From a systematic literature search, eight randomised controlled trials (n = 862) were identified. Half of the trials used a "very-low-calorie diet" whilst the rest employed a "low-calorie diet". Only five diets achieved ≥ 5% weight loss over varying durations and energy intakes. By inference, compliance with a 700-1050 kcal (2929-4393 kJ) diet, consisting of moderate carbohydrate, high protein and low/moderate fat, for 3 weeks is likely to achieve 5% weight loss. A low-carbohydrate diet (< 20 g/day) may achieve this target within a shorter duration. Additional research is required to validate these conclusions.
Winter Meeting, 4-5 December 2018, Optimal diet and lifestyle strategies for the management of cardio-metabolic risk Office cake culture: an exploration of its characteristics and associated behaviours and attitudes among UK office workers and implications for workplace healthThe workplace is an important setting for the promotion of healthy lifestyle choices (1) . Eating frequency and energy intake from snacking have risen in recent decades (2) with cakes and similar sweet baked goods the primary energy contributors to snack food (3) . Providing such foods for colleagues to share, 'office cake' (OC), is a prominent form of workplace snacking and is speculated to lead to increased energy intake and obesity (4) . However no data are available. The present study explored the characteristics of OC consumption and associated attitudes and behaviours to gain insight to its impact on workplace health. OC was defined as cakes and sweet foods supplied by employees or managers to share with colleagues. A specifically-developed 38-item cross-sectional online questionnaire based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (5) was completed by UK office workers in May 2017. Recruitment was through snowball and cluster sampling. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and cross-tabulations with chi-square tests to test for between-group differences. Significance was set at p ≤ 0.05.Nine hundred and forty office workers (39.3 % male) participated. OC was available to 86.4 % respondents between one and five times/week, 66.5 % ate it at least once/week and 36.0 % never refused it. For 70.9 %, cake was displayed in the main working area and 58.1 % said they would be less likely to eat OC if it was out of view. Attitudes and behaviour were significantly affected by gender and age. If OC is available, 41.5 % said they often or always eat it, of whom significantly more were men (48.9 %) than women (36.6 %) and 18-29 year olds (18-29s) (52.3 %) than ≥50 year olds (≥50s) (35.4 %). Overall, women were more concerned than men about the presence and negative consequences of OC. Significantly more women than men strongly agreed/agreed that OC had contributed to weight gain (36.6 % and 23.4 % respectively), made it harder to eat healthily at work (41.4 % and 31.5 % respectively) and often/ always felt regret after eating it (27.3 % and 14.1 % respectively). Fewer older respondents than younger approved of OC. Significantly fewer ≥50s than 18-29s strongly agreed/agreed OC is 'a good thing' (53.5 % and 70.9 % respectively) or a good way to show appreciation (59.7 % and 82.0 % respectively). Over half (58.2 %) the respondents found it hard at least sometimes to refuse OC if everyone else is eating it, with significantly more women (25.0 %) than men (19.3 %) and 18-29s (30.2 %) than ≥50s (17.3 %) responding 'often/always'. Almost all (94.8 %) respondents considered ideal OC frequency to be once/week or less. The mode ideal frequency was once/month (41.3 %).OC appears to influence the UK office physical eating environment and employee dietary be...
The rapid proliferation of social networking sites (SNSs) has transformed the way people now socialize and communicate. SNSs have been recognized to contribute to body image (BI) dissatisfaction and disordered eating behavior (EB). Few qualitative studies have explored this issue in men. The aim of the current study was to investigate male SNS use and possible impacts on BI and EB. One-to-one semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight men in the United Kingdom. Interviews aimed to examine men’s views on the potential impact of SNSs on BI and EB. Data were thematically analyzed. Findings suggested that SNSs may be a useful nutrition idea tool and motivational platform for men to improve their diet and exercise uptake. However, results also indicated that SNS use may contribute to BI dissatisfaction and increased risk of disorder. Future research may identify risk factors of SNS use, male BI concerns, and eating pathology across the lifespan.
Objective This study investigated the associations between adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and the Eatwell Guide (EWG) and changes in weight and waist circumference in post-menopausal women. Study Design Post-hoc analysis of post-menopausal women from the UK Women’s Cohort Study. Main outcome measures Changes in weight, waist circumference and the risk of abdominal and general obesity. Results 4162 post-menopausal women were selected. Higher adherence to both the EWG and the Mediterranean Diet was associated with smaller increases in waist circumference over 4 years (EWG: β −0.47, CI −0.75, −0.20 per 1 tertile increase in score), (Mediterranean Diet: β −0.29, CI −0.58, −0.01 per 1 tertile increase in score); and lower risk of abdominal obesity (EWG: OR 0.55, CI 0.43, 0.70 third versus the first tertile), (Mediterranean Diet: OR 0.60, CI 0.46, 0.76 third versus the first tertile), but was not associated with weight changes (EWG: β 0.14, CI −0.07, 0.36 per 1 tertile increase in score), (Mediterranean Diet: β 0.03, CI −0.19, 0.25 per 1 tertile increase in score) or risk of becoming overweight or obese (EWG: OR 1.09, CI 0.77, 1.52 third versus the first tertile), (Mediterranean Diet: OR 0.91, CI 0.65, 1.27 third versus the first tertile). Conclusions The results suggest that adherence to either the Mediterranean Diet or the EWG can help to prevent abdominal obesity in post-menopausal women.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.