Latex extracted from Hevea brasiliensis was used as an occlusive membrane for guided bone regeneration. Twenty-four rabbits were divided in two groups: treated and control group. Critical size bone defects (2 cm × 1 cm) were surgically made in the rabbit calvarium. Two latex membranes were implanted in each animal of the treated group, whereas the control defect was filled only with autogenous blood clot. After 15, 30, 60, and 120 days, animals from each group were euthanized, and the samples with regenerated bone were removed. No signs of allergy or rejection were noticed around the calvarial bone defect of the treated group. In the histological analysis, no foreign body inflammatory reaction was observed in the adjacent tissues in contact with the membranes demonstrating that latex can be used at injured sites as an aid in the healing process. Histological analysis, digital radiography, and electron spin resonance were used to evaluate the progress of bone repair. The results show significant differences between groups (p < 0.05) suggesting that latex membranes accelerates healing in critical bone defects.

The purpose of this research was to investigate whether there is a difference in dental maturation between skeletal open bite and skeletal deep bite subjects of the same chronological age. The material consisted of 40 lateral headfilms and 40 panoramic radiographs of 20 male and 20 female white subjects, with a mean chronological age of 9 years and 2 months (range: 7 years 6 months to 10 years 11 months). These subjects were selected on the basis of lower anterior face height as a percentage of total face height and on the amount of open or deep-bite from a total sample of 400 subjects. The persons exhibiting the most extreme values at both ends of the distribution were selected to create two groups with 20 subjects in each (10 males and 10 females). Thus, the groups represented subjects with either a large lower anterior face height associated with an open bite or a small lower anterior face height associated with a deep bite. A double blind determination of dental maturation, expressed by dental age, for each subject was performed on the panoramic radiographs using the system of Demirjian et al. (1973). A covariance analysis was used to eliminate variability introduced by the large age range of the sample. The skeletal open bite and deep bite groups presented mean dental ages of 120.48 and 114.00 months, respectively. Statistical analysis demonstrated that this difference was statistically significant at P < 0.05. Therefore, it seems that skeletal open bite subjects presented a slight tendency to have an advanced dental maturation, expressed by dental age, as compared with skeletal deep bite subjects.

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether Martins and Sakima and Grave and Brown methods are useful for the study of pubertal growth spurt in children with cleft lip and palate. A total of 132 hand-wrist radiographs of patients from HRAC/USP aged 7 to 17 years old were analyzed, including girls and boys. Six radiographs of each age and gender were employed. These methods were applied to evaluating the stages of the hand-wrist ossification and epiphyseal formation, by graphic representation. The Martins and Sakima and the Grave and Brown methods revealed that the initial, peak and final stages of pubertal growth spurt occurred between 9 to 10, 12 and 15 years old, respectively, in the female gender. Similarly, in the male gender, both Martins and Sakima and Grave and Brown methods showed similar mean ages: 12, 14 and 16 years old for initial, peak and final stages of pubertal growth spurt, respectively. The Pearson's correlation test showed high and significant correlation (r = 0.99 and p < 0.001) between the methods investigated. In conclusion, the methods appeared to be highly and significantly correlated as regards the analysis of children with cleft lip and palate. Moreover, based on the literature and present results, it is possible to suggest that the two methods have shown similar pattern and may be used with equal efficiency for assessment of the pubertal growth spurt in children with cleft lip and palate.

No abstract

INTRODUÇÃOA radiografia, nos dias de hoje, possui lugar bem definido no importante mundo da Odontologia. As informações obtidas das radiografias são um meio auxiliar fundamental, e até imprescindível na elaboração de um diagnóstico correto, o que implica, por sua vez, no estabelecimento do conjunto de meios terapêuticos adequados.O velamento radiográfico pode ocorrer quando o tempo de exposição é exagerado; pela utilização de filmes deteriorados, tanto pelo inadequado armazenamento, quanto pela data de validade ultrapassada; e, pelo processamento, com o uso de soluções também deterioradas, iluminação intensa, luz de segurança inadequada e filtros impróprios (ALVARES; TAVANO, 2002;FREITAS;ROSA;SOUZA, 2004).Na literatura pertinente constatam-se resultados preocupantes com relação ao tempo de exposição e processamento radiográfi-RESUMO A qualidade da imagem radiográfica depende da correta indicação da técnica radiográfica, o tipo de filme utilizado, o tempo de exposição e o uso de soluções e locais de processamento adequados. O velamento radiográfico pode surgir em descuidos relacionados ao tempo de exposição, filmes deteriorados e através do processamento radiográfico. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi verificar as condições de exposição e processamento radiográficos quanto ao velamento. Os filmes foram expostos padronizadamente em um fantoma e, com a finalidade de avaliar o processamento radiográfico, foram processados nos consultórios odontológicos. Posteriormente, foram expostos filmes radiográficos usados, em rotina, pelos profissionais, em seus aparelhos de raios X com o tempo de exposição utilizado pelos mesmos. Após, estes filmes irradiados foram processados, padronizadamente, em uma processadora automática. Dessa maneira, pretendeu-se avaliar a exposição radiográfica. Após a obtenção das radiografias, foram feitas leituras das densidades ópticas (D.O.) na área de chumbo. Concluise que dos consultórios odontológicos avaliados, quase a metade das radiografias avaliadas apresentaram velamento quanto à exposição radiográfica e nenhuma apresentou velamento quanto ao processamento radiográfico. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Controle de Qualidade. Exposição à Radiação. Filme para Raios X. diográficos quanto ao velamento em consultórios odontológicos. REVISÃO DA LITERATURAAs informações contidas nas radiografias corretamente expostas e processadas quimicamente fornecem o correto diagnóstico, tratamento e a prevenção de muitas doenças que atingem a cavidade bucal.A Portaria nº 453, de 1º de junho de 1998, estabelece que o tempo de exposição deve ser o menor possível, consistente com a obtenção de imagem de boa qualidade. Isso inclui o uso de receptor de imagem mais sensível que possa fornecer o nível de contraste e detalhe necessário. A mesma Portaria estabelece que as caixas de revelação confeccionadas com acrílico ou plástico vermelho transparente não são mais aceitas, pois levam à formação do véu. Estas podem ser permitidas, desde que confeccionadas com material opaco. A câmara escura deve ser provida de cronômetro, termômetr...

A definição da posição do incisivo inferior oferece ao clínico dados para um correto planejamento e tratamento, assim como melhor estabilidade na pós-contenção. Observa-se, porém, que as análises cefalométricas mais utilizadas em Ortodontia para o diagnóstico geralmente são baseadas em indivíduos leucodermas, que diferem em características craniofaciais das outras raças. Desta forma, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o comportamento do incisivo inferior em relação às referências incisais preconizadas por Andrade (1-Jr), Interlandi (1-linhaI), Vigorito (1-linhaV) e Ricketts (1-linha AP) em jovens brasileiros melanodermas com oclusão normal, verificando também a ocorrência de dimorfismo sexual. Foram selecionadas 36 telerradiografias de cabeça tomadas em norma lateral de indivíduos brasileiros, melanodermas, na faixa etária de 10 a 14 anos, de ambos os gêneros, com oclusão clinicamente normal e que nunca se submeteram a tratamento ortodôntico, do Setor de Documentação Científica do Curso de Pós-Graduação em Ortodontia da FOP/UNICAMP, nas quais foram traçados os pontos, linhas e planos cefalométricos necessários para obtenção das referências incisais e medidas nas análises sugeridas pelos autores selecionados. Os valores médios obtidos para a posição do incisivo inferior diferiram entre si por duas análises estatísticas, havendo diferença significativa (p<0,05) entre os métodos estudados. Também não houve dimorfismo sexual. Concluiu-se que a posição dos incisivos inferiores em indivíduos jovens melanodermas brasileiros apresenta inclinação e vestibularização maior que a preconizada pelos autores consultados, e que a análise de referência incisal de Andrade (1-Jr) parece se comportar mais adequadamente para este grupo étnico.

Introduction: Among the sleep disorders reported by the American Academy of Sleep, the most common is obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS), which is caused by difficulties in air passage and complete interruption of air flow in the airway. This syndrome is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in apneic individuals.Objective: It was the objective of this paper to evaluate a removable mandibular advancement device as it provides a noninvasive, straightforward treatment readily accepted by patients.Methods: In this study, 15 patients without temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and with excessive daytime sleepiness or snoring were evaluated. Data were collected by means of: Polysomnography before and after placement of an intraoral appliance, analysis of TMD signs and symptoms using a patient history questionnaire, muscle and TMJ palpation. Results:After treatment, the statistical analysis (t-test, and the "before and after" test) showed a mean reduction of 77.6% (p=0.001) in the apnea-hypopnea index, an increase in lowest oxyhemoglobin saturation (p=0.05), decrease in desaturation (p=0.05), decrease in micro-awakenings or EEG arousals (p=0.05) and highly significant improvement in daytime sleepiness (p=0.005), measured by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. No TMD appeared during the monitoring period. Conclusion:The oral device developed in this study was considered effective for mild to moderate OSAHS.

Objective: To evaluate the indirect digitization method of cephalometric radiographs in comparison with the direct digital method. Methods: The sample was composed of ten cephalometric radiographs acquired by Orthopantomograph OP100/Orthocef OC100 (GE -Instrumentarium), digital direct. In the Adobe™ Photoshop program, five cephalometric landmarks were set in the images and the impression in transparencies was made. The indirect digitization of the images was performed through the Sony™ DSC-W5 and Canon™ Rebel XT/EOS 350D digital photographic cameras-fixed in a copy stand, at the distances of 25 cm and 60 cm-and through the Hewlett Packard™ Scan Jet 4C scanner. The direct digital images and the indirect ones were inserted and gauged in the Radiocef Studio (Radiomemory™, Brazil) software and the center of the previously marked landmarks was set. The cephalometric computerized analysis generated three angular measurements and four linear ones which were submitted to statistical analysis. Results: The images from the scanner demonstrated small statistically significant alterations, without clinical significance. When digitizing the radiographs at 60 cm, both cameras caused distortions which were statistically significant, but clinically acceptable. At 25 cm, the cameras caused the largest distortions, being more expressive and with clinical significance in the images of Canon™ Rebel XT. Conclusions: The Hewlett Packard™ Scan Jet 4C scanner with transparency reader and the Sony™ DSC-W5 and Canon™ Rebel XT/EOS cameras operating at 60 cm were shown appropriate for the digitization of cephalometric radiographs. In 25 cm, the digital cameras caused distortions in the image which altered the linear measurements with possibilities of jeopardizing the orthodontic diagnosis. Abstract