No abstract

Organophosphorus compounds may induce oxidative stress leading to generation of free radicals and alterations in antioxidant and scavengers of oxygen free radicals (OFRs). The effect of subchronic exposure to malathion in the production of oxidative stress was evaluated in male Wistar rats. Administration of malathion (100, 316, 1000, 1500 ppm) for 4 weeks increased catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in red blood cells (RBC) and liver. However, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and cholinesterase (ChE) activities were decreased in these samples. The increase in RBC and liver lipid peroxidation correlated well with the inhibition in RBC AChE and liver ChE activities. Elevation of MDA concentrations and increased activities of CAT and SOD showed significant correlations in both RBC and liver samples when different doses of malathion were used. The results of the present study suggest the usefulness of RBC AChE measurement as a good biomarker in the estimation of malathion-induced oxidative stress affecting blood and liver.

Today, green synthesis of nanoparticles is attracting increasing attention. In the present study, the Bacillus sp. MSh-1 was isolated from the Caspian Sea (located in the northern part of Iran) and identified by various identification tests and 16S ribosomal DNA analysis. The reduction time course study of selenium ion (Se(4+)) reduction by using this test strain was performed in a liquid culture broth. Then, the intracellular NPs (nanoparticles) were released by the liquid nitrogen disruption method and thoroughly purified using an n-octyl alcohol water extraction system. Characterization of the separated NPs on features such as particle shape, size and purity was carried out with different devices. The energy dispersive X-ray and X-ray diffraction patterns showed that the purified NPs consisted of only selenium and are amorphous respectively. In addition, the transmission electron micrograph showed that the separated NPs were spherical and 80-220 nm in size. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity effect of these extracted biogenic selenium (Se) NPs on the fibrosarcoma cell line (HT-1080) proliferation and the inhibitory effect of the Se NPs on MMP-2 (matrix metalloproteinase-2) expression were studied using the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide] assay and gelatin zymography. Biogenic Se NPs showed a moderately inhibitory effect on MMP-2 expression.

The majority of poisoning cases in adults occur intentionally and in children accidentally.

No abstract

No abstract

(2013) Acute and subacute toxicity of novel biogenic selenium nanoparticles in mice, Pharmaceutical Biology, 51:1, 58-63,

No abstract