The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of serve and return game situations on physiological responses and match characteristics in professional male tennis players during one hour-long simulated singles tennis matches. Ten internationally ranked tennis players (age 22.2 ± 2.8 years; body height 180.7 ± 4.4 cm; body mass 75.9 ± 8.9 kg) participated in this study. Their physiological responses were measured using two portable analyzers during indoor hard court matches. Ratings of perceived exertion were also determined at the end of the game. The variables describing the characteristics of the matches determined from video recordings were: (a) duration of rallies; (b) rest time; (c) work-to-rest ratio; (d) effective playing time; and (d) strokes per rally. Significant differences (p<0.05) were found between serving and returning conditions in an hour-long simulated singles tennis match in terms of oxygen uptake, a heart rate, ratings of perceived exertion, pulmonary ventilation, respiration frequency and a respiratory gas exchange ratio. In addition, both the heart rate and ratings of perceived exertion responses were moderately correlated with the duration of rallies and strokes per rally (r = 0.60 to 0.26; p<0.05). Taken together, these results indicate that the serve game situation has a significant effect on the physiological response in an hour-long simulated tennis match between professional male tennis players. These findings might be used for the physiological adaptations required for tennis-specific aerobic endurance.
The aim of this study is to examine how physical performance has changed after 15 weeks (109 days) long-term absence of organized training in youth soccer players imposed by the stay at home orders. A total of sixty-eight young male soccer players from different age categories (U15, U16, U17 and U19) voluntarily participated in the prospective cohort study. Body fat percentage (BF%), counter-movement jump (CMJ), 30 m sprint, change-of-direction (COD) and yo-yo intermittent recovery test level-1 (YYIRTL-1) were evaluated twice (before and after the detraining period). Subsequently, 2 × 2 repeated measures ANOVA was used to investigate group and time differences in repeated measurements. A significance level of p < 0.05 was implemented. CV and SWC values were calculated to test the reliability of the tests performed at different times. Statistical analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS statistics software (v.25, IBM, New York, NY, USA). Significant increments in BF%, 30 m sprint, and COD (left and right), and also significant decrements in CMJ and YYIRTL-1, were found after the detraining period. A long-term detraining period due to the stay at home orders has a detrimental effect on body composition, neuromuscular performances, and aerobic capacity in youth soccer players.
ÖZETBu çalışma orta yaşlı sedanter bayanlara 8 haftalık aerobik (koş-yürü) egzersiz programının vücut kompozisyonu ve kan lipidleri üzerine etkisini incelemek amacı ile yapılmıştır. Denekler; pre menopoz yaş ortalamaları 39,13±5,41 yıl olan 15 gönüllü-sağlıklı sedanter bayandan oluşturuldu. Çalışmaya katılan denekler çalışma süresince başka bir egzersiz programı uygulamamaları yönünde uyarıldılar. Deneklere haftada 3 gün 30-45 dakika süreli aerobik egzersiz programı uygulandı. Egzersizin şiddeti % 40-60 olarak Karvonen metodu ile belirlendi. Deneklerin egzersiz programı öncesi ve sonrası vücut ağırlığı, istirahat kalp atım sayısı,vücut yağ yüzdesi ve kan lipidleri ölçümleri yapıldı.Verilerin istatistiksel analizleri paried t-testi ile yapıldı. Çalışma sonunda, deneklerin vücut ağırlığı, istirahat kalp atım sayısı,vücut yağ yüzdeleri ve LDL-Kolesterol'ünde çalışma öncesine göre anlamlı bir azalma, HDLKolesterol değerlerinde ise anlamlı bir artış (P<0,05) tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, düzenli ve uzun süreli yapılan aerobik egzersizin orta yaş bayanlarda vücut kompozisyonu ve kan lipid parametreleri pozitif etkilere sebep olduğu saptanmıştır.Bu nedenle bu tip aerobik antrenmanların kardiovasküler risk faktörlerinden korunma ve vücut kompozisyonunun düzenlenmesi açısından etkili olduğu söylenebilir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Egzersiz, Vücut Kompozisyonu, Kan Lipidleri,Sedanter THE EFFECTS OF 8 WEEKS AEROBIC EXERCISE PROGRAM ON BODY COMPOSITION AND BLOOD LIPIDS OF MIDDLE AGED SEDENTARY FEMALES SUMMARYThe purpose of this study was to asses the effect of 8 weeks aerobic (jog-walk) exercise program on body composition and blood lipids of sedentary middle aged females. Subjects of the study composed of 15 voluntary healthy sedentary females mean aged 39,13±5,41 years who were in pre-menopausal phase. Exercise they were warned not to participate in any other exercise programs during 8 weeks period.The subjects performed aerobic exercise program three sessions per week and each session lasted 30-45 min. The intensity of exercise was 40-60 % which was determined by Carvonen method.The body weight, resting heart rate, body fat percentage and blood lipids mesurements were done before and after exercise program. Statistical analysis of data were done by using paired t-test. At the end of the study, results indicated that although there were significant decreases in body weight, resting heart rate, body fat percentage and LDL-C values (P<0.05, there were significant increases (P<0.05) in HDL-C values.Consequently, this study supported that aerobic exercise which was performed properly and in long period lead to positive effect on body composition and blood lipid parameters of middle aged females. For this reason, it can be claimed that this type of aerobic exercises have important role to prevent cardiovascular risk factors and to control body composition. Key Words : Exercise,Body Composition , Blood Lipids,Sedentary GİRİŞ VE AMAÇGünlük yaşantımıza makinelerin girmesi, evlerde iş kolaylaştıran aletlerin çoğalması, ulaşım kolaylıla...
ÖZETBu çalışmanın amacı 8 haftalık farklı pozisyonlarda uygulanan squat antrenmanlarının diz fleksiyon ve ekstansiyon kuvvet gelişimine etkilerini araştırmaktır. Bu çalışmaya 33 sağlıklı erkek denek gönüllü olarak katıldı. Denekler tesadüfi yöntemle tam squat grubu (TSG, n=11), yarım squat grubu (YSG, n=11), ve kontrol grubu (KG,n=11) olarak üç gruba ayrıldı. Deney grubundaki (TSG ve YSG) deneklere haftada üç gün, toplam sekiz hafta süreli, 1 Maksimum tekrarlarının % 60'ı şiddetinde tam ve yarım squat egzersizleri yaptırıldı. Çalışma ağırlıkları 4. haftadan sonra yeniden ayarlandı. Deneklerin yaş, boy ve vücut ağırlığı ortalamaları sırasıyla, Tam squat grubunda 21,45 ± 1,57 yıl, 179,36 ± 5,18 cm , 70,90 ± 6,68 kg., Yarım squat grubunda 21,18 ± 1,25 yıl, 176,90 ± 5,41 cm., 70,04 ± 7,36 kg., Kontrol grubunda ise 21,90 ± 0,70 yıl, 174,45 ± 7,35cm., 72,36 ± 6,29 kg. olarak tespit edilmiştir. ANALIZE OF AFREID OF SQUAT EXERCISES AT DIFFERENT POSITION ON KNEE FLEXION AND EXTENSION STRENGTH DEVELOPMENT ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is to assess effects of squat exercises in different positions (half and full squat) on knee flexion and extension strength development. 33 Healthy male subjects were voluntarily participated in to this study. Subjects were divided in to three groups such as full Squat group (FSG,n=11),half squat group (HSG,n=11) and control group (CG,n =11).Subjects in FSG and HSG trained total 8 weeks, three times in a week with 60% of their 1RM . Working weights of subjects were adjusted according to their strenght development after 4 weeks.Control group had no exercise regime.Age ,height and weight of subjects participated in to this study 21,45 ± 1,57 years, 179,36 ± 5,18 cm , 70,90 ± 6,68 kg. in FSG, 21,18 ± 1,25 years, 176,90 ± 5,41 cm., 70,04 ± 7,36 kg. in HSG and 21,90 ± 0,70 years, 174,45 ± 7,35cm., 72,36 ± 6,29 kg. in CG respectively. Statistical analysis were done by using one-way ANOVA and Tukey in SPSS 10,0 Package Program. 0,01 and 0,05 Were taken as meaningfull level.As a result of this study it could be said that half squat exercises has more effects than full squat exercises to improve the strenght of leg flexors and extensors.
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