This paper sought to advance alternative health care financing for the attainment of universal health coverage (UHC) in Nigeria considering the widening inequality, dwindling government spending, and non-inclusive health insurance scheme in the country. An adoptive narrative review of existing literature and authors' experiences and observations of health care financing system was used to develop an overview of health care financing system in Nigeria. The results showed that Nigeria has a long way to go in attaining universal health coverage considering her high burden of disease and low health care expenditure, especially in comparison with Africa and similar countries across the globe. The results further showed that out-of-pocket spending dominates health care expenditure in Nigeria, and that the only way to curb heavy reliance on unsustainable and inequitable health care financing is to encourage risk-pooling of resources. This article therefore argues that alternative health care financing through effective community partnership is a necessity to achieving health for all. This understanding could inform health Isaac Akintoyese Oyekola ABOUT THE AUTHOR Isaac A. Oyekola holds B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees in Sociology and Anthropology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife. He is an upcoming scholar with keen interest in social change and development studies, sustainable health care financing, public sector careers and informal sector. With background interest in public and informal sectors, he had written a number of journal articles and book chapters. He later extended his academic interest to social support and reliable health care financing few years ago due to his experience in and observation of the Nigerian health care financing system; and his PhD thesis is being written in that academic area. In the process, he had strengthened his social network and has built strong research team in that area among which are the co-authors who are also familiar with the Nigerian health care system. Currently, he is an
Occupational preference is an age long phenomenon. It is a product of many considerations on the part of an individual, and, varies across time and society. Despite various government programmes aimed at encouraging self-employment and or entrepreneurship, little success has been achieved in this direction in Nigeria. This study sought to investigate the reasons why Nigerians prefer public sector job to self-employment or private sector jobs with a view to understanding the dynamics of youth employment in a rapidly changing society. Concurrent triangulation mixed method research design was employed for this study to collect quantitative and qualitative data in the study location. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data were analysed using thematic content analysis. The results showed that majority of the respondents preferred public sector careers. Job security; economic benefits; negative perception of other forms of employment; societal values; and altruistic service motive were the major reasons for preference. The study concludes that an understanding of the plethora of factors that engender high preference for public sector careers could inform youth employment policy directed at enhancing informal sector career outlook.
The purpose of this study is to assess the perception of public service in Nigeria from the standpoint of young and middle‐aged adults in Ibadan, Nigeria with a view to determining its performance and contribution to national development. Concurrent triangulation mixed methods research design was adopted in this study to collect primary data from young and middle‐aged adults in Ibadan, Nigeria. Descriptive and inferential statistics described quantitative data and principal component analysis (PCA) extracted two factors. In addition, thematic content analysis was adopted to analyze qualitative research data. Findings showed that respondents had a negative perception of public service in Nigeria both in terms of its operation and reward. Job security was perceived positively but corruption/bad behavior in the public service was most perceived negatively. Also, final year undergraduates most perceive public service negatively and public paid workers least perceived public service negatively. Knowledge of this study will benefit Nigerians who render and enjoy public services, and will be most useful for the Nigerian public service to formulate policies that will prevent self‐interested, inefficient, ineffective, and unproductive public service workforce. This study measures, for the first time, perception of Nigerian public service in terms of its operation and reward. Studies that will investigate the rationale behind young and middle‐aged adults' negative perception of and high preference for careers in Nigerian public service are recommended. Also, improvement in service delivery and in the conditions of Nigerian public service will help in correcting the negative view.
The benefits of physical activities on health and well-being of humans, in the present and later life, are well documented in many fields of study including gerontology. Adopting the continuity theory of aging and theory of selective optimization with compensation, this paper reviewed empirical works on the interplay of recreation, physical activity and the well-being of older adults. This is with a view to stimulating further research and insight into the understanding of well being of older adults. The paper concludes that a community-based intervention that will encourage active participation may go a long way in meeting the recreation needs of the elderly in Nigeria.
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