The article describes the use of the «flipped learning» technology in the practice of higher education institutions. The benefit of the study is that the authors have proved that the technology of «flipped learning» is based on the ideas of active learning, involving students in joint activities and combined teaching system. This technology helps to optimize studying at higher educational institutions. The essence of this technology is that students learn the new material which is based on video lectures, presentations, or other media technologies on their own at home and the next classroom work involves discussing problem issues, consolidating theoretical knowledge and developing practical skills, assessing the absorption of new material. Moreover, this allows students to determine their own learning pace and develop individual teaching strategies. Another advantage of «flipped learning» technology is the ability to use more class time for group activities, where students can discuss the content of the lecture, check their knowledge and interact with each other in an interactive mode that promotes the development of their practical skills. It is proved that as any educational technology «inverted learning» technology is characterized by algorithmicity and a certain order of educational actions of teachers and students. For effective implementation of «flipped learning» technology, the certain cycles (phases) are used, such as a phase of viewing the educational video, a phase of interactive work; a phase of the result awareness; a feedback phase and more. Each stage requires not only student`s but also teacher`s activity, who have to develop additional training or control materials for classes. The authors have analyzed the advantages and difficulties of applying «flipped learning» technology in higher education institutions. The article outlines the features of «flipped learning» in high school (the expediency of its use in senior courses, low awareness of this technology, lack of time and the need for some adaptation to its application, low technical readiness of teachers to «flipped learning» technology) and describes the experience of using this technology in the practice of teaching «High School Pedagogy» subject for students of the Pereiaslav-Khmelnytskyi Hryhorii Skovoroda State Pedagogical University.
The article analyzes the main forms and methods of professional training for future physical education teachers in Switzerland, the USA, Germany, Austria, Norway, and the UK. These countries have been chosen owing to their effective methodical systems. Both original sources and receptive experience of Ukrainian researchers have been taken into account. Therefore, the article aims to select innovative methodical tools that are not widely used in Ukraine. Importantly, the article adheres to a transformational and innovative approach to objectification and prediction of educational changes, as well as to comparative, summarizing and other theoretical methods. Consequently, it has become possible to identify innovative features of professional training for future physical education teachers in the above-mentioned countries and outline potential changes in Ukrainian education after borrowing relevant experience and implementing it within the traditional lecture-seminar system. Furthermore, the article addresses the problem of methodological diversity, as well as the prevalence of axiological approaches over those closely related to physical education and its methods. The international relevance of the article lies in summarizing innovative approaches used in different countries to forms and methods of professional training of future physical education teachers. It will allow one to comprehensively or selectively borrow this experience to improve education in the countries dealing with transformational changes.
Professional training of masters in higher education institutions, its effectiveness is largely determined by the level of pedagogical design of the training content of future teachers of general technical disciplines and teaching methods of technology, since it is the content that is designed to ensure the formation of a personality that has not only a system of special knowledge and professional actions, but also differs in formation professionally important competencies, the appropriate level of qualifications, taking into account world and European quality standards while maintaining national achievements and priorities, as well as capable of fruitful teaching activities in modern conditions. According to the results of the study it can be stated: when designing the content of training masters of technological education it is necessary to take into account the general principles of building the content of education and the principles of updating the content of training to the requirements of time; designing the content component of integrated modules of psychological-pedagogical and special-subject training involves determining their goals and objectives, selection of innovative content for each topic of the content module, selection of forms, methods and technologies of its implementation, determination of evaluation criteria and system of diagnostics of success of undergraduates; the content component of professional training of masters of technological education must contain knowledge and experience of innovative psychological-pedagogical and technical-technological activity of a teacher in the system of higher educational institution; the effectiveness of the content of professional training of future teachers of general technical disciplines and methods of teaching technology is determined by the effectiveness of professional activity, which can be characterized as the formation of professional and pedagogical competence, ability to professional and pedagogical self-development and self-improvement.
The article examines the Czech experience of future elementary school teachers training for activities in the context of inclusive education. The main models of inclusive education in the world and specifically the Czech Republic are considered. The basic laws concerning the training of teachers, special teachers, assistants are analyzed. The basic teachers’ competences are determined according to the Czech standard of the teacher’s profession quality; the necessary conditions for conferring the qualification of primary and secondary school teachers are defined. The system of higher education in the Czech Republic and the educational programs of leading higher educational institutions for the preparation of primary school teachers and special teachers are considered. The Charles University and the Masaryk University were selected for the research as leading, because these institutions ranked the highest in world rankings. The article acquaints readers with the activity of pedagogical faculties of both universities. The particular attention was paid to the activities of the departments of pedagogy and special pedagogy. The curricula of training teachers, assistant teachers for a work in inclusive education were analyzed. This made it possible to state that bachelor/master’s programs were designed to provide graduates with the necessary knowledge, ethical values and practical skills necessary for constructing a pedagogical career. The contents of the bachelor/master’s program provides an extensive and deep knowledge in the fields of inclusive education, including the theory of special pedagogy, the necessary skills and abilities in providing medical services, knowledge of the behavior of a child with different pathologies or abnormalities. It is found that a theoretical training is given to most of the study time, the courses of in-depth specialization are offered. It is determined that in the process of special teachers’ professional training in the Czech Republic, three main components can be distinguished: general pedagogical, special pedagogical, specialization with a choice in two main types of A and B. The bachelor training is carried out in two models: simultaneous (parallel, integrative) and sequential. During the study, it was emphasized that an adherence to the unified structure of training bachelors/masters of special education for all institutions of higher education in the Czech Republic contributes to improving their theoretical, methodological and practical basis, facilitates the students’ transition from one educational institution to another, an admission to a magistracy in another institution of higher education, gives a few specializations. Consequently, the peculiarities and positive aspects of training specialists for a work in the conditions of inclusive education in the Czech Republic are highlighted in this article as those, that could be used in Ukraine taking into account the peculiarities and traditions of the national high school.
The study examined the change in the attitude of students and teachers to the system of distance learning of future teachers of higher education institutions after passing the blitz course "Modern distance education". The experiment was conducted in Ukraine -a post-Soviet state, where part-time and part-time education still prevails, and distance learning still remains innovative and is gradually being implemented within the transitional credit transfer system. The article used sociological methods to study the acceptability of innovative forms of learning. In particular, after the participants of the blitz course "Modern Distance Learning" sociologically measured the attitude to innovative areas of distance learning, namely: work with electronic resources,counseling, modeling personal educational trajectory, organization and self-organization of independent forms of work and psychological training (motivation, training in self-regulation techniques, trainings and self-trainings on the practice of independent decision-making and responsibility). Particular attention was paid to diagnosis and self-diagnosis, as well as control and self-control. After a theoretical (sociological) discussion of innovative forms of distance learning, it was found that teachers are interested in innovative methods of work, but prefer a stationary form of educational services; during distance learning, emphasis is placed on consulting forms of work and multifaceted monitoring of competencies. Students, on the other hand, showed a high sensitivity to e-learning, providing maximum academic freedom and self-control. However, the dynamics of a positive attitude to distance innovation had a slight increase in students and moderate -in teachers. At an international level, the scientific novelty of the article involves subjective views of students and university teachers on distance learning in the post-Soviet countries, where until now such learning was implemented only by the top-down approach. Thus, the article can become a theoretical basis for the development of contact educational programs in the humanities for the implementation of innovative methods of distance learning in the studied region.
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