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Abstract:This study aim was to analyse selected psychometric features of the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) methods. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was developed to enable earlier detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) relative to familiar multi-domain tests like the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE). Clinicians need to better understand the relationship between MoCA and MMSE scores.The analysis was performed on a sample of 84 geriatric patients. We have found a concurrent validity by calculation of Pearson's correlation coefficient between the test scores of the MMSE and the MoCA methods (r (84) = 0.77, P < 0.001). Based on the correlation analysis, it may be stated that the MMSE test score is in a very tight positive correlation with the test score of the MoCA. We have also performed reliability analysis of both screening methods by calculation of internal consistency. The internal consistency of the MMSE method was represented by Cronbach's alpha at the level of 0.78, and the MoCA method at the level of 0.81; those are considered to be optimum

Ageism in nursing is a common phenomenon, which manifests in many ways and negatively affects a patient and her care. Goal: The goal of quantitative analysis is to find the difference between ageist attitudes among nurses and nursing students. Methods: The nonprobability sample contained two groups. One group consisted of 126 nurses and the other group consisted of 94 nursing students. The Fraboni Scale of Ageism (FSA) was used to quantify the stance and the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U-test was used to evaluate the difference between the two groups. Results: Nurses and nursing students had low to intermediate levels of ageist attitudes according to FSA. Nurses showed higher levels of ageist attitudes compared to nursing students as evaluated by Mann-Whitney U-test. Conclusion: Ageism is a part of nursing care and it needs to be eliminated. One way how to achieve this is by early awareness of one's own prejudice. S Ú h R NAgeizmus v ošetrovateľstve je bežným javom, ktorý sa manifestuje rôznymi spôsobmi a má negatívny dopad na pacienta i na poskytovanú starostlivosť. Cieľ: Cieľom kvantitatívneho výskumu bolo zistiť rozdiel v úrovni ageistických postojov u sestier a študentov ošetrovateľstva. Metodika: Výskumný súbor tvorilo 126 sestier a 84 študentov ošetrovateľstva, ktorí boli do vzorky zaradení na základe zámerného výberu. Výskum bol realizovaný pomocou Fraboniho škály ageizmu (FSA). Rozdiel v úrovni ageistických postojov medzi sestrami a študentmi sme overovali na základe neparametrického Mann-Whitneyho U-testu. Výsledky: Pomocou FSA bola u sestier i študentov ošetrovateľstva zistená takmer žiadna až stredná úroveň ageistických postojov, teda mierne pozitívne až mierne negatívne vnímanie starších pacientov. Na základe Mann-Whitneyho U-testu sme zistili,

Depression belongs to the most severe diseases of the elderly people. Quite often, depression is not diagnosed and treated at the older age. Consequently, it leads to deterioration of the overall physical, psychological and social state of an elderly person. Aim: The goal of the quantitative research was to roughly estimate the prevalence of depression among persons who live in houses for the elderly or similar institutions and to find the factors which influence the occurrence of depression. Methods: The sample of the elderly comprised 84 individuals who were intentionally chosen. The quantitative research was based on the use of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Other statistical tests were used to evaluate the influence of individual factors on the prevalence of depression among the elderly: Pearson's chi-squared test, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman's correlation coefficient. Results: The GDS revealed depression in 28.6% of individuals in the tested sample. The appropriate statistical tests showed increased depression rates among the elderly who were lonely, widowed, suffering from chronic diseases or pain, and those with impaired cognitive thinking. Conclusion: Depression among individuals living in houses for the elderly or similar institutions is a grave and contemporary problem. The solution of this problem depends on the timely recognition of depression and analysis of factors which influence the prevalence of depression among the elderly.

Influenza is one of the seasonal acute infectious diseases. Vaccination of the elderly and the sick appears to be a key measure in prevention of the infection or significantly reduces the clinical picture of the disease. Design: The work is a cross-sectional quantitative study carried out based on a questionnaire investigation. Objective: The objective of the quantitative research was to determine the attitude of seniors to influenza vaccination and the impact of selected factors on the decision of seniors to get vaccinated. Methods: The total sample consisted of 623 respondents (aged 60-89 years) who were enrolled in the survey sample based on a deliberate choice. The research was conducted through a questionnaire of our own design. Descriptive statistics and a chi-square test for pivot tables were used for processing the data obtained. Results: The majority of seniors (81%) had not been vaccinated against the flu, and the remaining (19%) had been vaccinated. The most common reason reported by the respondents was that the vaccination was recommended by doctors and nurses (65%). Based on statistical tests, we found that there is a relationship between age and the presence of senior chronic disease and the decision to get vaccinated. Conclusion: Education of seniors in the area of influenza prevention through vaccination is needed and can contribute greatly to experiencing a more active and longer life. S Ú h R N Úvod: Chrípka patrí medzi sezónne akútne infekčné ochorenia. V prevencii sa ako kľúčové opatrenie javí očkovanie, ktoré u starších a chorých zabráni infekcii alebo výrazne zmierni klinický obraz ochorenia. Dizajn: Práca má dizajn prierezovej kvantitatívnej štúdie vykonanej na základe dotazníkového šetrenia. Cieľ: Cieľom kvantitatívneho výskumu bolo zistiť postoj seniorov k očkovaniu proti chrípke a zistiť vplyv vybraných faktorov na rozhodnutie seniorov dať sa zaočkovať.