The relevance of the problems presented in the research article is the need to elaborate modern wellness walking programs for people of mature age using a differentiated approach, taking into account the availability and health potential of wellness walk against the background of general problems of hypokinesia and morbidity of the adult working-age population. It is also important that wellness walk is the most accessible type of recreational physical culture, which is able to provide a relatively high functional load. The purpose of the article is to elaborate the wellness walking programs for people of second mature age using a differentiated approach based on different differentiation criteria. The article uses such research methods as literature analysis and pedagogical observation. Application of a differentiated approach to physical education of adults should take into account individual, environmental and social factors. In the context of the purpose of this article, criteria are used that correlate with individual factors, such as a health status and the presence or absence of the most dangerous diseases, and certain individual somatic features of the organism, in particular indicators of body mass, which directly affects the degree of detection of physical abilities. Accordingly, the training programs to wellness walk have been elaborated for people of second mature age, using a differentiated approach based on the criteria of overall health, body mass, and the state of the cardiovascular system. The author presents three wellness walking programs – for healthy people, for people with excess body mass, and for people with a mild form of coronary heart disease. Kenneth Cooperʼs principle was using in the development of programs. These programs regulate the duration of the warm-up, the walking distance, the maximum time for completing the main task, the duration of active rest after its completion, the intensity of walking within the maximum heart rate, and the number of trainings per week at various stages of the programs. Performing wellness walking programs should be taken into account that the training effect depends not only on the distance and duration of walking, but also on its speed. Therefore, the method of individual adjustment of walking speed depending on the width of step and the pace of movement is offered. As the main principle of the proposed programs, a continuous and gradual increase of loads in a five-month cycle is provided. Separate recommendations refer to cases of deterioration of well-being during training and compliance with breathing rules while walking. The elaborated programs may require testing and adjustment.
Exercise should ensure the formation of a sufficient level of indicators of the functional status of servicemen. Reducing the hours of training in the discipline “Physical Education and Special Physical Training” for cadets of higher education leads to a deterioration of their performance not only physical fitness but also functional status. The purpose of the work is to determine the impact of reducing the time of physical exercises on the indicators of the functional state of university cadets. To achieve this goal we used a set of scientific research methods, namely: general scientific (analysis of scientific and methodological literature), pedagogical (testing), medical and biological (pulsometry, dynamometry, anthropometry, spirometry, spirography, bicycle ergometry), methods of mathematical statistics. The study involved 72 cadets, evenly divided into two groups, those who studied under the program with four hours of physical education (group 1; n = 36) and graduates who studied at the university under the program – 2 hours of physical education training (group 2; n = 36). Testing was conducted during the annual medical examination of cadets. In total, more than 65 sources of information were analyzed, followed by a final review and 21 sources of literature, including 4 foreign authors, the material of which was processed using general scientific methods. Results. During the study we found that graduates of group 1, both at rest and in the process of exercise and recovery after exercise, the functional state of the body in terms of significantly better than graduates of group 2 (p<0.05-0.001). This is manifested in less activity of physiological functions during exercise and faster recovery after exercise. Conclusions. Reduction of hours for physical education classes has a significant negative impact on the functional status of future officers of the Armed Forces of Ukraine (p<0.05-0.001). It is necessary to improve the program of physical training of cadets in order to improve their functional condition and efficiency
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