We have completely sequenced the genome of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine strain LaSota. The sequences of the 3h-and 5h-terminal ends of the RNA genome were determined by sequencing cDNA fragments generated by rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The entire genomic sequence, which was established by sequencing cDNA fragments generated by high-fidelity RT-PCR, consists of 15 186 nt. Comparison of the 5h-terminal sequence of NDV LaSota with the 5h-terminal sequences of ten members of the Paramyxovirinae showed that NDV LaSota has an unusually long 5h untranscribed region. Comparison of the entire genomic sequences showed that NDV is only distantly related to the other members of the genus Rubulavirus, to which NDV has been assigned. In this paper we present data which suggest that NDV should not be classified in the genus Rubulavirus, but instead should be considered as a member of a new genus within the subfamily Paramyxovirinae.Newcastle disease is a serious disease of poultry that can cause severe economic losses in many countries. The causative agent of the disease is Newcastle disease virus (NDV), also called avian paramyxovirus type-1. NDV is a member of the genus Rubulavirus of the subfamily Paramyxovirinae (family Paramyxoviridae, order Mononegavirales) (Rima et al., 1995). NDV strains are classified on the basis of their pathogenicity for chickens into highly pathogenic (velogenic), intermediate (mesogenic) and apathogenic (lentogenic) strains (Hanson,
The fluorescent pseudomonads are classified as a group, one characteristic of which is that they do not accumulate poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) during nutrient starvation in the presence of excess carbon source. In this paper we show that prototype strains from this subclass, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas putida, and Pseudomonas fluorescens, do accumulate poly-3-hydroxyalkanoates (PHA) when grown on fatty acids. These PHAs are composed of medium-chain-length (C6 to C 2) 3-hydroxy fatty acids. The ability to form these polyesters does not depend on the presence of plasmids. A specificity profile of the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of PHA was determined by growing Pseudomonas oleovorans on fatty acids ranging from C4 to C18. In all cases, PHAs were formed which contained C6 to C,2 3-hydroxy fatty acids, with a strong preference for 3-hydroxyoctanoate when Ceven fatty acids were supplied and 3-hydroxynonanoate when COdd fatty acids were the substrate. These results indicate that the formation of PHAs depends on a specific enzyme system which is distinct from that responsible for the synthesis of PHB. While the fluorescent pseudomonads are characterized by their inability to make PHB, they appear to share the capacity to produce PHAs. This characteristic may be helpful in classifying pseudomonads. It may also be useful in the optimization of PHA production for biopolymer applications. Recently we reported that Pseiudoimonas oleoi'orans syn
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