Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disorder. Clinically, there are periods of pain in abdomen and bloody diarrhea. The used medication induce clinical diminution, but with many difficulties. Aim of the study Evaluation the beneficial outcomes of rebamipide and microvesicles come from mesenchymal stem cells on treatment of induced colitis. Material and methods Fifty adult male albino rats were divided into 5 groups. Group I was the control group. Group II rats received intra-colonic instillation of 1 ml/rat/day of 5% acetic acid (5% v/v) for 3 sequential days. Group III Rats were received a suspension of (1 % rebamipide and 1.5% carboxy-methyl cellulose), intra-colonic in a dose 1 mL/kg/day after provocation of colitis for 14 days. Group IV rats were given out a single dose of 15 μg of microvesicles dissolved in 0.5 ml of phosphate buffered solution (PBS) delivered intravenous in caudal vein after provocation of colitis. Group V rats were given microvesicles and Rebamipide as Group ПI and Group IV after provocation of colitis. The colon sections were managed and examined using histological and immunohistochemical study. Results Group II showed patchy ulceration with loss of surface epithlium and underlying connective tissue. There is infiltration of mononuclear cells and congested blood vessels in lamina propria and sub mucosa. Group III showed near-normal mucosa with surface columnar cell and goblet cells in some areas with discontinuity in certain areas. Group IV showed almost intact mucosa. Group V showed intact mucosa with surface absorptive cells and goblet cells close to control group. Conclusion: Each of rebamipide and microvesicle improved the prompted ulcerative colitis, but their combination was more effective.
A field experiment was conducted at the Ismailia Agricultural Research Station during the two growing seasons of 2008-09 and 2009-10, to study the separate application of biofertilizers, organic manure (0, 5, and 10 tons/fed) and mineral Nfertilizer (0, 40, 60, and 80 kg N/fed) and their combined application on plant growth, yield and its components, seed quality (oil and protein content) of canola plants (c.v. Serw 4). Split-spilt plot design with three replicates was used. Results indicated that the individual application of biofertilizer, organic manure (10 ton/fed) and N-fertilizer at rate 80 kg N/fed caused 5.1 and 4.9 %, 18.5 and 16.6% and 40 and 40.3 % in seed yield during two seasons, respectively over control. Likewise, the interaction among the used levels of mineral N-fertilizer and bio-organic fertilizer revealed significant effect in both studied seasons for all investigated characters of canola plants. In this respect, it is worthy to note that the treatment of 80 kg N/fed of the recommended dose of N did not statistically differ from that of 40 kg N/fed of N fertilizer plus biofertilizer and 10 tons/fed compost manure. As for seed quality of canola, it was also found that protein content was increased by application of bio, organic, and inorganic N-fertilizer. However oil content was decreased by nitrogen application but it was increased with addition of biofertilizer and compost manure. Seed protein and oil content were significantly increased by the integrated fertilizers applications. This mean that inoculated seed of canola plant with biofertilizer containing nitrogen fixer bacteria plus addition of compost manure at 10 ton/fed., substitute half of the recommended dose from the used mineral nitrogen fertilizer.
Background: Cadmium (Cd) is a metal. It causes thyroid toxicity. Objective: To explore the possible protective effects of quercetin (QUE) and phytic acid on Cd induced thyroid toxicity. Materials and Methods: 54 rats divided into two groups. Group I (control), group II subdivided into four subgroups; subgroup IIA (rats were injected s.c with Cd in a dose of 2 mg/kg for 2 weeks), subgroup IIB (rats were injected as subgroup IIA & QUE in a dose of 500 mg/ kg orally for 2weeks), subgroup IIC (rats were injected as subgroup IIA & phytic acid at a dose 360 mg/ kg orally for 2 weeks), subgroup IID (rats were injected with Cd as subgroup IIA & QUE as subgroup IIB & phytic acid as subgroup IIC).Thyroid gland specimens were taken and prepared for histological, immunohistochemical examination. Results: Subgroup IIA disorganized follicular cells with small dark nuclei,fused follicles with desquamation of cells, significant marked increase(p< 0.01) in collagen fibres and PCNA between follicles and significant decrease(p>0.01)in colloid. Subgroups IIB and IIC showed improvement of some histological microscopic changes, significant decrease (P <0.01) in collagen fibres deposition and PCNA immunostaining compared with subgroup IIA, while subgroup IID showed histological architecture near to control group. Conclusion: This work concluded that each of QUE and IP6 can ameliorate Cd induced thyroid follicular cells toxicity, but their co-administration can give better results
Background: Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic drug. It causes thyroid dysfunction. Objective: To explore the possible therapeutic effect of L-carnitine and exosomes on amiodarone induced thyroid follicular cells toxicity. Materials and Methods:Sixty-two rats divided into 7 groups. Group I (control), group II (they were treated with amiodarone orally in a dose of 60 mg/kg for 6 weeks, group III (they were treated with L-carnitine in a dose of 500 mg/ kg for 4weeks),and group IV (they were treated with exosomes which were given in 3 doses of exosomes. Some rats from this group were sacrificed immediately after the last dose. While, The remaining rats stayed another 10 days formed group VII, group V (they were treated with L-carnitine and exosomes together), group VI (recovery group) and Group VII (exosomes withdrawal). Results: Groups II and VI showed loss of normal follicular architecture. The follicular epithelial cells showed more than one layer with small dark nuclei. The interfollicular tissue showed congested vessels and infiltrates.Ultrathin sections of these groups showed follicular epithelium with irregular nuclei. The cytoplasm showed dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum and degenerated mitochondria. Furthermore, there was intense positive collagen and Ki-67 in these groups (p< 0.01). Groups III, IV, V and VII showed improvement. Biochemical Results: a significant increase in TSH in groups II and VI in comparison to control.While, there was a significant decrease in the levels of FT3 and FT4. Serum TSH levels were decreased in groups III, IV, VII and V. while, free T3 and T4 levels were increased. Conclusion:L-carnitine and exosomes can improve thyroid dysfunction.
Background: Exosomes are endogenous nanovesicles that cooperate key roles in intercellular signaling by bearing functional genetic information and proteins between cells. Exosomes speedily cross the blood-brain barrier and have indicated as therapeutic approach vehicles that have the potential to specifically deliver molecules to the central nervous system (CNS). Aspartame (ASP) is applied in many products. ASP has been interconnected to cause neurological and behavioral changes such as headache, insomnia, and seizures. Aim: Aim of this study was to determine the potential role of exosomes on cerebellar changes caused by aspartame (ASP). Materials and Methods: Thirty five adult male albin0 rats were divided into three gr0ups. The first group served as the c0ntrol group. In the second group, the rats were given ASP orally at a d0se of 250 mg/kg/day for 6 weeks. In the third group, the rats were given ASP as group II plus exosomes in a d0se of 100 mg/kg intravenously/twice per week. At the end of the 6th week of the experiment cerebellar specimens were appr0priated for histological and immuno-histochemical studies. Results: In the ASP-treated group, dis0rganization of the three layers of the cerebellar c0rtex was observed. Spaces were seen between the cells. Small pykn0tic nuclei of Purkinje cells and deformed cells were also detected . Furthermore, there was a significant increase (p ≤ 0.01) of GFAP, COX-2 and caspase-3 immune expression compared with control group. Ex0somes in conjunction with ASP resulted in impr0vement in the organization of cellular layers of the cerebellar c0rtex with a significant decrease (p ≤ 0.01) of GFAP, COX-2 and caspase-3 immune expressi0n compared with group II. Conclusion: Exosomes ameli0rates the neuropathol0gical changes caused by aspartame on the structure of the cerebellar cortex of albin0 rats.
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