The article considers the conditions for the formation of determinants of innovative-investment development of agriculture. A systematic approach to the development of agriculture in a single integration space of intersectoral cooperation and state support through the introduction of effective innovative and investment determinants, which form the criteria of investment attractiveness of economic entities and provide conditions for innovation in production and technological process, is implemented. The levels of innovative and investment development of agriculture are structured. Determinants of innovative and investment development of agriculture and indicators of its estimation are offered. A comprehensive methodological approach to financing innovative and investment projects with state guarantees to potential investors to obtain additional value from the introduction of scientific development in the technological cycle of agricultural production, taking into account economic, social, budgetary, environmental, resource, intellectual, scientific and technical components of innovative and investment processes proposed. It is recommended to evaluate the effectiveness of the introduction of innovations in agriculture by an integrated indicator with the ratio of effects (results) and costs by certain components. Scientific organizations by sectors of activity, which include development in innovative and investment development of agriculture of Ukraine, are analysed. An assessment of innovative and investment activity of Ukrainian producers with the distribution of the average number of employees in agriculture is carried out. The share of expenditures on research and development on agricultural development in the gross domestic product (GDP) of EU-28 countries and Ukraine is determined. The calculation of priority factors of external and internal environment of influence on the efficiency of innovative and investment development of the animal husbandry industry is carried out. The forecast values of functional risks and the level of efficiency of innovative and investment development of the animal husbandry industry of Ukraine are determined.
The article considers the directions of the development of integrated business structures based on innovation and investment in the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine. The paradigm of the development and functioning of integrated business structures of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine, which intensify the innovative-investment process and network interaction of public-private partnership in a competitive environment, has been implemented. It is proved that the impact of public-private partnership on innovative-investment development and the creation of real value of business structures of the agro-industrial complex should be considered for different periods associated with the appropriate levels of evaluation of their effective cost-oriented platform. The efficiency of the functionality of business structures of the agro-industrial complex, which is characterized from the standpoint of time, level and integrated approaches, is determined. The temporal approach provides the allo-cation of three periods – short-term, medium-term and long-term, for each of which specific criteria for assessing the effectiveness of functionality is determined. A block diagram of qualitative criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of business structures in the introduction of innovations and investments in agriculture from the standpoint of the interests of a group of stakeholders in public-private partnership on a time basis is presented. The comparative characteristics of innovative-investment activity of business structures in high- and low-tech branches of the agro-industrial complex are determined. A model of integrated interaction of network interaction between business structures of the agro-industrial complex, institutes of agricultural development and stakeholders in public-private partnership has been developed. The institutional model of subsystems of the functional mechanism of harmonization of interests of business structures of agro-industrial complex and the state is offered. It is proved that the harmonious state regulation of investment activities of large agricultural producers (agricultural holdings) should be based on administrative, legal, organizational and economic methods and ensure compliance with norms and rules in the investment sphere at the level of relevant structural and functional institutions.
The purpose of the research is to assess the efficiency of enterprises by the means of analysis of the functioning environment, which made it possible to identify reserves for improving the results of their economic activity. For the first time, it was proposed to use the positioning (relocation) technique of enterprise positions, although previously the method of analysis of the functioning environment was used to determine the technical inefficiency of business entities. Based on the calculated line of technical efficiency on the actual results of the enterprises, a new line of technical efficiency was constructed by moving their positions to improve the income (revenue) from sales of products and labor costs of hired workers and capital (fixed assets) in the context of maximizing profits in the environment functioning of economic entities. It is proved that improvement of the position of an enterprise allows reducing expenses not only on capital, but also on wages of hired workers. Despite the ability to reduce capital expenditures and thus increase the cost of wage labor, almost all enterprises prefer saving capital over the possibility of investing in wage earners. The results of the study can be used by managers in planning the ways to achieve profit in the context of the sustainable development strategy of the enterprise.
Risks of payment system of banking institutions of Ukraine are considered in this study. Risk events clearly correlate to the effectiveness of network interaction of banking institutions to adapt information technology of payment systems in the payment portfolio of banks when changing operating environment, so mechanism for minimizing their probability has been developed. Economic elements of the mechanism of minimizing the risks of payment systems are identified, which allow forming the planned level of profitability, risk and liquidity of institutions (organizations) within the relevant principles, methods, levers, cash flows in order to respond and adapt to changes in the environment. A methodical approach to assessing the effectiveness of risk management of payment systems of banking institutions, which is from the standpoint of multivariate structuring and a list of their indicators of the microeconomic level, forms an optimal set of tools to minimize the set of risks. Indicators of payment systems of Ukraine are determined, according to the net level of credit risk, liquidity risk, business risk, investment risk, legal risk, operational risk, systemic risk, technological and information security risk. The impulse index of functioning of payment systems of Ukraine is calculated. A neuro-fuzzy model for assessing the individual credit risk of participants -legal entities (users-borrowers) of card payment scoring of a banking institution is developed. The basic criteria for assessing the individual credit risk of a participant-legal entity (user-borrower) by card payment scoring are determined.
The most relevant aspects of achieving economic security of enterprises are determined in the article. The assessment of the level of economic security was conducted using the method of analysis of the functioning environment. The focal points of the assessment are interests, threats and resources. The possibility of economic security strengthening of business entities is traced using analysis of economic activity of mechanical engineering companies of Vinnytsia region of Ukraine as an example. At the same time, businesses that cannot cover the cost of resources with the income from goods sale in the current year were singled out. Businesses entities positioning in the functioning environment in the context of economic security motivation (interests - increase in enterprise income, threats - growth of current and long-term liabilities, resources - use of fixed assets and employees), allowed to find opportunities to increase the efficiency of enterprises that to the greater extent are related to the manufacturing of machinery and equipment.
Despite the fact that the scientific literature pays considerable attention to ensuring the investment attractiveness of national corporate bond markets based on macro-environmental factors, as well as individual companies – based on micro-environmental factors, the issue of optimizing the characteristics of corporate bonds in the prospectus remains insufficiently disclosed. However, coupon rate, price and maturity are the basic indicators that investors take into account when deciding to purchase corporate bonds, so they need more detailed research. approach to ensuring the issuance of investment-attractive corporate bonds, based on the use of indicators of companies with the highest level of demand on the stock market to build a matrix of coupon rate, price and maturity of corporate bond, the use of which allows to establish the optimal ratio between these characteristics. Enterprises issue corporate bonds to attract additional financial resources in their activities, so they are interested in ensuring the investment attractiveness of these securities. The investment attractiveness of corporate bonds depends on their own characteristics, as well as on micro- and macro-environmental factors. The most affordable way to ensure the investment attractiveness of corporate bonds is to establish the optimal characteristics of bonds in the prospectus. The companies whose corporate bonds are in the highest demand on the stock market have the optimal ratio between coupon rate, price and maturity. Determining the trend of ensuring a balance between these indicators of leading companies allows us to establish a model of decision-making by investors in a particular market of corporate bonds.
The purpose of the article is to consider the empirical calculations of the level of de-shadowization of tax gaps in the system-compositional model of the fiscal policy of the state. The methodological approach to cointegration of the level of de-shadowization of tax gaps into the system-compositional model of fiscal policy is substantiated, taking into account the strategic determinants of financial and economic development of the state. The method of calculation of the integrated indicator of strategic alternatives is presented and represents the configuration of the modified system of fiscal innovations in relation to the taxation of economic entities. A methodical approach to estimating the level of de-shadowization of the tax gap on the income tax of economic entities is proposed. The level of unit testing of variables of de-shadowization of tax gaps from indicators of financial and economic development of the EU and Ukraine is analyzed. It is concluded that one of the most influential factors today is the de-shadowization of the economy. The future directions are the research of the ways to improve Ukraine’s fiscal policy.
The article substantiates the need for enterprise risk management, which has perhaps the most significant impact on the results of the business entity, considers the classification features of enterprise risks, provides the sequence of the stages of enterprise risk management. Among the stages of risk management are identification of probable risk, risk analysis, choice of method and risk assessment, choice of risk management alternative, modeling of the accepted level of risk, implementation of the constructed model, risk monitoring. The internal and external causes of risks are revealed. The principles of effective functioning of the risk management system at the enterprise are summarized: acceptance and identification on of risks, responsibility of all participants in the risk elimination process; completeness, objectivity and reliability of receiving information; active participation in risk management of managers at all levels of the enterprise; taking into account the causes of occurrence and risk avoidance/minimization factors; application of innovative approaches in order to minimize risks at the enterprise; permanent risk monitoring. The main risk minimization measures in the process of risk management are proposed: diversification of activities and redistribution of capital; improvement of information support for the activities of expenditure enterprises, rational use of loans; stimulating the solvent demand of the population by improving the implementation policy; formation of safe enterprise activity due to insurance and self- insurance; use of funds from reserve funds in case of liquidation of the consequences of the presence of risks; introduction of a risk prevention/minimization system; development and implementation of a risk equalization strategy; wide range of use of risk assessment and modeling methods; increasing the level of business activity of the enterprise; avoiding getting into the risk zone.
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