From a global perspective, the universality of gender-related societal issues is particularly significant. Although gender inequality is considered a sociological problem, the large number of female victims in disasters warrants an assessment of disaster management sciences. In this article, related concepts are discussed based on their relevance sociologically and in disaster management to develop a common terminology and examine this complex topic, which is rooted in different social profiles and anthropological heterogeneity throughout the world. A brief history is discussed, and significant examples are provided from different disasters in Turkey to illustrate why a woman-oriented approach should be adopted when evaluating concepts of gender inequality. Observations of disasters have shown that it is important to apply international standards (humanitarian charter and minimum disaster response standards), especially during periods of response and rehabilitation. Relevant factors related to gender should be included in these standards, such as women’s health and hygiene, which will be discussed in more detail. A woman-based approach is designed in relation to two aspects: risks and resources. Thus, gender-sensitive methods of mitigating and preventing disasters are provided. The main purpose of the article is to contribute to the development of a universal culture that prioritizes gender in disaster management.

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Abstract. The Ismetpasa segment of the North Anatolian Fault (NAF) is a rare place where aseismic fault slip (creep) has been observed. Its creep behaviour has been monitored using different observation methods since the 1950s. The findings obtained from the studies until 1990s showed that the creep rate exponentially decreased before the major shocks in 1999, Golcuk (M w = 7.4) and Duzce (M w = 7.2). After these shocks, three GPS periods observation in 2002, 2007 and 2008 were carried out on the geodetic network established around the segment. The evaluations of these observations showed that the creep behaviour relaxed after the major earthquakes. This result demonstrates that the creep behaviour of the Ismetpasa segment might be a warning before future major earthquakes.

In 1981 and 1982 intensive observations of the geomagnetic field were carried out in a possible seismic gap region in the western part of the North Anatolian Fault Zone to trace on active fault and also to accumulate geomagnetic data for earthquake prediction research. The data of magnetic anomalies obtained from profile measurements across the fault were interpreted to reveal an anomalous magnetic structure associated with the active fault. In order to confirm our results thus derived in the Iznik-Mekece area, similar observations were also made at IsmetpaSa where fault traces are well known as well as creep for the North Anatolian Fault Zone.It is concluded that highly magnetized dike-like bodies exist extensively along active fault lines in the North Anatolian Fault Zone. This characteristic feature can be utilized for studies of active fault location and also for tectonomagnetic studies.

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