Evidence of NW extension of the North Anatolian Fault Zone in the Marmara Sea: a new interpretation of the Marmara Sea (İzmit) earthquake on 17 August 1999

Gökaşan, Erkan; Gazioğlu, Cem; Alpar, Bedri; Yücel, Zeki; Ersoy, Şükrü; Gündoğdu, Oğuz; Yaltırak, Cenk; Tok, Buğser

doi:10.1007/s00367-001-0088-0

Cited by 37 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…1) suggested by Gökaşan et al (2002). Second, utilization of the statistical distribution of seismic events during daytime and night time hours (Wiemer and Baer, 2000) may not be accurate since the seismic events with magnitude less than 3 were not precisely reported by KOERI NEMC for the study area.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Accurate discrimination between explosions in quarries and earthquakes is important for analyzing active tectonic and seismic risk of the region. Recorded explosions in the catalogues can mislead scientists interpreting the active tectonics and can lead to erroneous results in the analysis of seismic hazards in the study area (Gökaşan et al, 2002). Therefore, it is important to distinguish QBs from EQs in the KOERI NEMC seismicity catalogs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An unsupervised learning algorithm: application to the discrimination of seismic events and quarry blasts in the vicinity of Istanbul

Küyük

Yildirim

Doğan

et al. 2011

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract.The results of the application of an unsupervised learning (neural network) approach comprising a Self Organizing Map (SOM), to distinguish micro-earthquakes from quarry blasts in the vicinity of Istanbul, Turkey, are presented and discussed. The SOM is constructed as a neural classifier and complementary reliability estimator to distinguish seismic events, and was employed for varying map sizes. Input parameters consisting of frequency and time domain data (complexity, spectral ratio, S/P wave amplitude peak ratio and origin time of events) extracted from the vertical components of digital seismograms were estimated as discriminants for 179 (1.8 < M d < 3.0) local events. The results show that complexity and amplitude peak ratio parameters of the observed velocity seismogram may suffice for a reliable discrimination, while origin time and spectral ratio were found to be fuzzy and misleading classifiers for this problem. The SOM discussed here achieved a discrimination reliability that could be employed routinely in observatory practice; however, about 6% of all events were classified as ambiguous cases. This approach was developed independently for this particular classification, but it could be applied to different earthquake regions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An unsupervised learning algorithm: application to the discrimination of seismic events and quarry blasts in the vicinity of Istanbul

Küyük

Yildirim

Doğan

et al. 2011

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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show abstract

“…Meremonte et al (1999), Cranswick et al (2000Cranswick et al ( ) and, Ö zel et al (2002 concluded that site effects played an important role in the earthquake damage in Avcılar. The existence of soil Koeri 2000), (B) Simplified geology and regional tectonics of the Eastern Marmara Region (Modified from Arıç 1955;Kaya 1978;Ü şümezsoy 2001;Okay et al 2001a andGökaşan et al 2002) amplification in Avcılar also has been shown by Yalcinkaya and Alptekin (2000), Tezcan et al (2002Tezcan et al ( ), Ö zel et al (2004 and Ergin et al (2004). Dalgıc (2004) considers the observed damage in Avcılar to be partly due to the varying depth of bedrock.…”

mentioning

confidence: 80%

A fault zone cause of large amplification and damage in Avcılar (west of Istanbul) during 1999 Izmit earthquake

Şen

2007

Nat Hazards

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Twenty seven buildings collapsed and 2076 buildings were heavily damaged during 17 August 1999 Izmit Earthquake in Avcılar (west of Istanbul), which is nearly 100 km from the epicenter of the earthquake. The geology of Avcılar consists of Upper Miocene poorly bounded conglomerate and sandstone (Ç ukurçeşme formation), claystone with sandstone and limestone interbedding (Güngören member) and limestone with sandstone and claystone interbedding (Bakırköy formation). Lithological and geotechnical parameters of these formations in Avcılar are not different from non damaged parts of the western Istanbul such as Zeytinburnu, Bakırköy and Beylikdüzü, but these formations were cut by several faults in the damaged area. Collapsed and damaged buildings are located on this fault zone. Thus, cause of large amplification and damage in Avcılar might be related with this fault zone because the fault zone behaves as a waveguide trapping seismic energy.

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“…A large part of the region has light slopes with 200 m height differences. The shape of this region is shown to be controlled by structural lineaments (Gokasan et al, 2002). Especially, the west part of Kucukcekmece Lagoon is risky for residential and industrial settlements due to high landslide and seismic risks.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

A satellite based assessment of the impact of urban expansion around a lagoon

Cetin

2009

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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This paper examines the coastal regional trends in urbanization processes using remotely sensed images around the Kucukcekmece Lagoon as a case study, located in the western part of Istanbul, Turkey. Throughout the examination process, the coastline changes are determined for a long-term period. To achieve this goal, postclassification comparison method is applied to the CORONA and LANDSAT TM satellite images of 1963, 1987 and 2005. In order to identify the land use changes, common landscape structures in the region were distinguished as water, green and open land, urban and industrial areas. Due to the mix up of land-cover types between urban and industrial areas, the classified images are integrated with geographic information system data obtained from visual interpretation of the enhanced images and auxiliary data sets. The results of the change analyses in coastal region showed that important alterations are taking place in the area due to the unplanned urban and industrial expansions that has irreversibly changed the physical features of the Kucukcekmece Lagoon. According to image classification results, the urban land use area increased from 2 % of total area in 1963 to 38 % in 1987 and 46 % in 2005, most of which converted from agricultural and greenlands. At the same time, the ecological impact of the loss of specific land covers is highlighted based on the results of the land use changes and the previous scientific applications. Furthermore, some recommendations are given to planners, decision makers and politicians to maintain the sustainable coastal ecosystem management.

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Evidence of NW extension of the North Anatolian Fault Zone in the Marmara Sea: a new interpretation of the Marmara Sea (İzmit) earthquake on 17 August 1999

Cited by 37 publications

References 0 publications

An unsupervised learning algorithm: application to the discrimination of seismic events and quarry blasts in the vicinity of Istanbul

An unsupervised learning algorithm: application to the discrimination of seismic events and quarry blasts in the vicinity of Istanbul

A fault zone cause of large amplification and damage in Avcılar (west of Istanbul) during 1999 Izmit earthquake

A satellite based assessment of the impact of urban expansion around a lagoon

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