Objective: To evaluate the reaction of five inbred lines of habanero pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) to the inoculation of Fusarium oxisporum and to identify genotypes with possible levels of resistance to this pathogen. Design/methodology/approach: Samples of hot pepper plant stems with typical symptoms of vascular wilt disease were obtained. Then, due to microscopic morphological characteristics of mycelium and conidia in the samples, patogen was identified as Fusarium oxisporum. By immersion of roots, at a concentration of 1x106 conidia per mL, five inbred lines of habanero pepper were inoculated. In addition to the serrano type cultivar Criollo de Morelos 334 (CM-334). The percentage disease index and area under the disease progress curve (ABCPE) were estimated in a randomized complete block design, with three replicates. Results: Significant differences (p≤0.05) were observed for disease index and ABCPE in the genotypes evaluated; evidencing the difference in the genetic basis of the genotypes and the resistance or susceptibility to Fusarium oxisporum. The CM-334 cultivar, the Habanero 5 and Habanero 8 lines showed the lowest percentage of incidence of the disease (10, 20 and 30%, respectively) and ABCPE of 300, 560 and 880. In turn, lines Habanero 9 and Habanero 6 reached the highest ABCPE values with 2220 and 2190, respectively. Study limitations/implications: The disease resistance response in plants is complex and contains multiple interactions between genes, proteins, and metabolites. Findings/conclusions: The grouping of genotypes according to their reaction to Fusarium wilt disease facilitated the identification of resistant and susceptible lines, which can be considered in subsequent genetic improvement studies for hot pepper cultivation.
La productividad de los suelos se ve influenciada por sus propiedades físicas y químicas, mismas que se afectan por diversos factores derivados del tipo de uso de suelo, por lo tanto, integrar leguminosas en los sistemas de producción de maíz resulta una alternativa ante dicha problemática. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la fertilidad del suelo a través de los parámetros físicos y químicos considerados como indicadores de la calidad del suelo; de sistemas de producción (SP) combinados con maíz-Inga vera (M-I) y maíz-Canavalia ensiformis (M-C), comparados con dos ecosistemas naturales de la región: bosque de pino-encino (BOS) y selva baja caducifolia (SEL). Se consideró la clase textural y se cuantificaron los siguientes parámetros: capacidad de campo, punto de marchitez permanente, pH, materia orgánica, fósforo, potasio, calcio, magnesio, hierro, manganeso, aluminio y capacidad de intercambio catiónico. De acuerdo con los resultados, no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los SP y los ecosistemas naturales para ninguna de las propiedades del suelo; por lo que se puede deducir que los SP pueden llegar a mantener las condiciones físicas y químicas del suelo de manera similar a un ecosistema de vegetación natural al haber utilizado especies de leguminosas. Palabras clave: nódulos, micorrizas, suelo, Canavalia ensiformis, Inga vera.
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