One of the conditions for obtaining high-quality pig products is the use of feed additives, which contain all the necessary biologically active substances, eliminating their deficiency in feed and acting as catalysts for metabolic processes in pigs. That is why the aim of the study was to study the effect of feed additive “Sylimevit” on the enzymatic and non-enzymatic parts of the antioxidant system of piglets after weaning. Two groups of piglets were formed – control and experimental, in the amount of 10 individuals in each group, selected on the principle of analogues – age, breed and body weight. During the weaning period, the piglets were kept under the sow in special machines, had constant access to the mother, and from the age of 5 days – free access to concentrated feed. Feeding of animals was carried out in accordance with the norms for a given age of pigs. Prior to the study, a clinical and physiological examination of the piglets was performed. Their general condition and activity when eating food were taken into account. On the 28th day of life, the piglets were weaned from the sow and regrouped from different nests in order to be further maintained during the period of fattening and rearing with a change in the structure of the diet, which served as technological stress for the animals. From the age of 5 days, piglets of all groups were fed pre-starter feed. Piglets of the experimental group, from 21 to 40 days of age, were additionally fed the feed supplement “Sylimevit” at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight per day. Feeding piglets Silimevit feed enhances their antioxidant status. The use of this feed additive in piglets contributed to the activation of both enzymatic and non-enzymatic parts of the antioxidant defense system of piglets after weaning, as indicated by an increase in blood 35-day-old piglets superoxide dismutase activity by 26.9 % (P < 0.001), catalase – 41.1 % (P < 0.001), glutathione peroxidase – by 52.7 % (P < 0.05), glutathione reductase – by 53.5 % (P < 0.05), the content of reduced glutathione – by 75 % (P < 0.001). This is due to the fact that silimevit contains active substances such as milk thistle and vitamins, which are strong direct-acting antioxidants and directly interact with free radicals and reactive oxygen species.
The article deals with the influence of Globigen® Pig Doser and Globigen® Jump Start products, which contain specific Ig Y, which is characterized by pronounced immunostimulating properties. A comprehensive analysis of the use and influence of these agents on the morphological and biochemical indicators of the blood of young pigs under conditions of intensive technologies under different methods of cultivation in different periods of their growth and development – 30, 60, and 120 days – was carried out. It was set that the use of the proposed means had a prolonged positive effect, which concerning hematological indicators, mainly appeared by an increase in the number of erythrocytes and the concentration of hemoglobin in the blood of experimental groups of animals of both farms of all age periods. It is worth noting that in the farm with single-phase breeding of pigs (FE PE “Glynyany Agro”) under the influence of Globigen®Pig Doser, the number of erythrocytes in the blood of animals was increased and, corresponding to the physiological norm, fluctuated between 7.09 and 7.43 T/l, and the concentration of hemoglobin, having reached the maximum value, in the blood of all experimental groups of animals was 108.62–112.77 g/l. In the farm, which practices three-phase pig breeding (“Meat Resources” Ltd.), under the influence of Globigen® Pig Doser, a pronounced effect has appeared in animals 60 and 120 days old; the number of erythrocytes in their blood was increased to 7.46–7.69 T/l, and under the influence of Globigen® Jump Start, a tendency to a gradual increase in hemoglobin concentration was observed, which stopped at 99.28 g/l in 120-day-old piglets. Evaluating the level of protein metabolism in animals under the influence of Globigen® Pig Doser and Globigen® Jump Start, a tendency to increase the total protein content, compared to the control, in the blood of animals in all age periods in both farms was set. It was noted that under the action of Globigen®Jump Start, the total protein content in the blood of 120-day-old piglets from a farm with single-phase farming (FE PE “Glynyany Agro”) was 76.38 g/l, and in a farm with three-phase farming (Ltd. “Meat resources”) 75.08 g/l. In addition, it was set that the normalization of the ratio of protein fractions, in particular, the use of Globigen® Pig Doser and Globigen® Jump Start, increased the synthesis of albumin and normalized gamma-globulin to the level of the physiological norm. The “Glynyany Agro” FE found a more pronounced effect with single-phase piglet rearing. It was concluded that Globigen® Pig Doser and Globigen® Jump Start positively influence maintaining body homeostasis.
Vus, U.M., & Kozenko, O.V. (2019). Dynamics of changes in protein metabolism rates in cows depending on the season of the year and the location of the farm. Scientific MessengerProtein metabolism in animals is perhaps the most informative indicator of anthropogenic environmental pollution, because it provides an opportunity to characterize metabolic processes in the body. They are of the utmost importance for the structure and function of all cells, tissues and organs. Proteins reflect the state of the organism, as well as those changes that occur in it under the influence of internal and external factors. We studied the dynamics of changes in indicators in protein metabolism in cows depending on the season of the year and the location of a farm. The research was carried out in two farms of the Lviv region: the Danylo Halytskyj LLC, near the State Mining and Chemical Enterprise "Sirka", and FE "Lelyk" of Zhovkva district, in spring, summer, autumn and winter periods of keeping. The object of research was the blood of 20 cows of Ukrainian Black-Spotted breed. According to the results of the research, a reduction in total protein, relative to the physiological norm of 0.45 g/l. in spring, and by 0.64 g/l in the summer, dysproteinemia, a high level of gamma globulin fraction (50.30%) in cows from the Danylo Halytskyj farm, located in the zone of influence of the State Chemical Medicine Plant "Sirka". In animals FE Lelyk, located in the conventionally clean zone, this indicator was significantly higher, and was 76.14 g/l in spring, and 78.17 g/l in summer, and also in animals of this farm dysproteinemia was not observed. In the autumn, at the end of the summer grazing period of the keeping, the index of total protein tended to decrease in the animals of the Danylo Halytsky's Ltd., and in winter it was normalized and invested in the limits of the physiological norm. Albumin fraction of protein in this group of animals, throughout the search period, had a tendency to increase. In the cows of the FE "Lelyk", the indices of protein metabolism were within the limits of the physiological norm in all periods of research, with the inherent fluctuations in the season of the year. The obtained results due to the content of total protein and protein fractions in the plasma of blood of cows kept in territories with different ecological status indicate that the effect of the activity of the State Chemical Medicine Plant "Sirka" is sufficiently strong on the organism of animals.Динаміка змін показників білкового обміну в корів залежно від сезону року та території розташування господарства У.М. Вус, О.В. Козенко Львівський національний університет ветеринарної медицини та біотехнологій імені С.З. Ґжицького, м. Львів, Україна Білковий обмін у тварин є чи не найбільш інформативним показником при техногенному забрудненні середовища, оскільки дає можливість охарактеризувати обмінні процеси в організмі. Вони мають винятково важливе значення для будови та функціонування всіх клітин, тканин і систем органів. Білки відображають стан ор...
Efficiency of nutrients and feed energy use in pigs largely depends on age, live weight, physiological status and type of feeding. Particular attention should be paid to the feeding conditions of the breeding stock, which has a direct influence on the productivity of sows and the quality of the young. Two farms in the Lviv region assessed the value and balance of rations. Were studied and analyzed rations for blank, pregnant and lactating sows and their compliance with the feeding standards, as well as the needs of the organism in different physiological periods. Analyzing nutrient content in the ration of the blank sow of Zolochiv district, there was a lack of exchange energy, digestible protein, fiber, calcium, phosphorus, while ensuring carotene only 1% and excess of feed units. The lack of cobalt was 92.8%, zinc 72.7%, manganese 50.7%, iron 54.4%. A similar situation was with the provision of vitamins. For pregnant sows, the level of exchange energy exceeded the norm by 11.5%, feed units by 31.6%, and the lack of digestible protein was 18.9%, cellulose 42.6%, calcium 98.3%, phosphorus 63.3%, with complete absence of carotene. According to the trace element content, a lack was found in the range of 92 to 40%. The level of provision of already lactating sows of the same farm, the exchange energy was 17.8% less than needed. Lack of feed units was 2.8%, digestible protein 34.5%, cellulose 30.8%, and the provision by the trace element content of the ration was only 14.4%, 34.7% according to the need for calcium, phosphorus and carotene respectively. When analyzing the nutrient content in the feeding ration of the blank sows of the Staryj Sambir region, it should be noted that the lack of exchange energy is 13.92%, feed units – 14.38%, digestible protein - 28.29%, fiber – 59.0%. Blank sows were provided with calcium only by 14.5%, phosphorus by 26.4%, with complete absence of carotene. In the case of pregnant sows, then they were not provided with the main nutrients of the feed. Thus, the content of exchange energy and feed units was 4.45% and 6.45% lower than it needed an organism of animals. However, the rest of the constituents of the animal's ration were provided even less, in the absence of carotene. The level of provision for lactating sows, too, was far from the norm, while other components of the ration noticed even greater imbalance. The level of micronutrient and vitamin supplements was low. Consequently, according to research results, the level of supply of energy from sows of both farms and all physiological groups amounted to 82–95% of the need. Sow was only provided with digestible protein for 65–87%. With the regard to vitamin and mineral supplements, the best situation with methionine + cysteine, which all animals were provided with 72–99%, the lack of other components in both the first and second farms are offset by complementary mineral fodder mixtures.
The article deals with the influence of the use of means for young pigs Globigen® Pig Doser та Globigen® Jump Start, which due to the content of specific Ig Y have immunostimulatory properties. Assessing the level of nonspecific resistance of piglets, which are based on determining the content of T- and B-lymphocytes and their populations in the blood of animals 30-, 60- and 120-day-old, the trend of increasing the number of T-helpers, T-natural killers and B-lymphocytes in the experimental groups of animals of both farms. It was found that the content of T-helpers during single-phase rearing of pigs became more important under the action of Globigen® Pig Doser and ranged from 30.16−35.15 %, and during three-phase rearing – under the action of Globigen® Jump Start 34.58−35.08 %. An increase in the content of B-lymphocytes to the level of physiological norm was noted: FE PE “Glynjany Agro” (single-phase cultivation) in the first experimental group 16.75–19.45 %, in the second 17.66–21.11 %. At Ltd. “Meat Resources” (three-phase cultivation) 17.7–21.02 % and 18.91–21.01 %, respectively, in the first and second experimental groups. Regarding the indicators of the content of T-natural killers, there is a tendency to increase their number in the blood of animals of experimental groups by an average of 4.90 % for single-phase rearing and 3.09 % for three-phase rearing of pigs. Such data give grounds to claim that there is a formation of the immune response to the action of pathogens, which plays an important role in maintaining the barrier function of the intestinal mucosa, which in turn reduces mortality and increases the average daily gain of young pigs. Under the action of immunostimulants, the safety of piglets in FE PE “Glynjany Agro” (single-phase rearing) at 30 days of age increased to 81.3−93.7 %, and in Ltd. “Meat Resources” (three-phase rearing) to 80.0−86.7 %. In piglets FE PE “Glynjany Agro”, up to 120 days of age, the average daily gain was 0.710 and 0.691 kg using Globigen® Pig Doser and Globigen® Jump Start, and in piglets from Ltd. “Meat Resources” these figures were 0.595 and 0.628 kg.
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