We studied association of the TNF gene -238G>A polymorphism (rs361525) with the risk of rheumatoid arthritis development in the Russian population living in the Republic of Karelia. The influence of rs361525 on the development of rheumatoid arthritis was revealed: genetic predisposition to this disease is associated with the presence of GG genotype. The effect of the genotype on the polymorphic locus of -238G>A on TNF mRNA content was revealed. Increased content of transcripts of this gene is associated with the presence of A allele.
Transplantation of the submandibular gland under the renal capsule of mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus stimulated the compensatory function of the recipient submandibular gland. An increase in insulin I and insulin II gene expression in the submandibular gland after transplantation was demonstrated by PCR. More intensive production and extrusion of these proteins in the apical and basal directions in granular compartment cells of the submandibular gland was confirmed by electron microscopy. All these changes led to a reduction of blood glucose levels in diabetic animals as soon as 2-2.5 weeks after transplantation.
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