Today in Ukraine the part of the sausage production segment is about 30 % of all ready meat products. The boiled sausages play the main role among them. About 65 % of general assortment belongs to them among consumers. Safety and quality assurance of sausage is impossible without the conformity of requirements and recipes. The SSTU 4436:2005 “Boiled sausages, sausages, meat breads. General specifications” regulates them in Ukraine. However, today is observed the significant growth of sausages assortment, which are produced by recipes of producers. It allows them to use in production different nutritional supplements, replacement of raw materials, etc. Recent publications of experts shows that about 80 % of food products are falsified. The most common is assortment falsification. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to analyze the conformity of quality and safety parameters of high-class boiled sausage “Likarska” from the different producers to the SSTU 4436:2005 “Boiled sausages, sausages, meat breads. General specifications”. The materials of our study were the samples of high-class boiled sausage “Likarska” from the several domestic producers: LLC “Alan” (Dnipro), JV “Vekka” LLC (Odessa region, Lyman district, Blagodatne), LLC “Globino Meat Factory” (Poltava region, Globin district, Globino), LLC “Khodoriv Meat Factory” (Lviv region, Zhydachiv district, Khodoriv). The samples were selected by the control purchase in Odessa trading network (“METRO”, “Silpo”, “FOZZY”) and in Lviv trading network (“Vopak”, “МЕТРО”, “Silpo”). As a result 20 samples were selected and investigated in general. The studies were conducted during 2019–2020 on the basis of Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Veterinary Medicine (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biotecnologies of Odessa State Agrarian University) and on the basis of the laboratory of Department of Veterinary-Sanitary Inspection (Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies, Lviv). We selected the samples, carried out sanitary assessments of sausages, determined the microbiological parameters in accordance with applicable regulations. We determined the physico-chemical parameters using the device FoodScan, radionuclides content – by β-γ-spermometry and the general toxicity – using the express method with the infusorium Colpoda steinii. According to the results of analysis of labeling we found out that the packaging (label) of all producers which were studied contains the basic production and consumer information. The analysis of the organoleptical, microbiological indicators and the radionuclides content of samples which were studied established their compliance with the requirement of SSTU 4436:2005. The total toxicity of sausages also wasn’t established. At the same time the analysis of physico-chemical parameters revealed non-compliance with SSTU 4436:2005 requirements by the mass fraction of protein in sausage “Likarska”, which was produced by JV “Vekka” LLC (10.95 ± 0.01 %) and LLC “Globino Meat Factory” (10.68 ± 0.02 %).

Mycotoxins cause severe diseases in organisms of human and animals. They are difficult to diagnose, cause great economic damage. Sorbents are able to effectively bind and remove from the body through the digestive tract with a therapeutic or prophylactic purpose various endogenous and ekzogenous substances, microorganisms and they toxins, supermolecular structures and cells. The aim of the work is to study the effectiveness of use of Alfasorb for the neutralization of mixed fodders affected by mycotoxins and they impact on blood’s indexes and productive qualities of piglets of Large White Breed. Experience was conducted on 30 ty piglets. Animals of the control group received mixed feed that was produced in the conditions of the farm. The pigs of experimental group in addition to the basic diet received Alfasorb. We determined blood’s indexes for study the effect of feed additive Alfasorb on the physiological state of animals at 4 months of age. A morphological and histological study of liver was carried out. The analysis of the average daily weight gain of piglets showed that it was higher in period of growth in the animals of experimental group. In the animals of the experimental groups there was an increase in the number of red blood cells in comparison with the control. An unreliable decrease in blood serum levels which characterize the level of intermediate metabolism of proteins in the body (content of urea, creatinine and common bilirubin) was established in the animals of the experimental group as compared to the control group respectively by 22.83% ( td = 0.98, P ≤ 0.05), 7.12% (td = 1.92, P ≤ 0.05) and by 20.54% (td = 0.86, P ≤ 0.05). Most hepatocytes had large nucleus and intense color of the cytoplasm. This indicates the absence of alterative processes in the body. The results of the studies make it possible to assert that the inclusion the 0.2% Alfasorb to the compound of feed which contaminated with mycotoxins significantly reduces their negative effect on the piglets organism, has a positive effect on the growth rate, on the course of metabolic processes, also it promotes an increase in the liver of medium-sized hepatocyte nuclei, stimulates biosynthetic processes in that cells and ensures the formation of a full structure of histohematological barriers in the organism.

The problem of providing the population with food is one of the most important and complex among the problems that society faces today. Food must not only meet the human needs for essential nutrients and energy, but also perform preventive and curative functions. Mutton is one of the foods that meets these requirements. It is distinguished by its high nutritional properties and taste. It can be a potential source of various pathogens and pollutants under certain condition that will pose a risk to the health of the consumer. Monitoring of separate elements of the safety and quality management system of slaughter products of small cattle under the influence of epidemiological (veterinary) factors was the aim of our research. Reporting on veterinary medicine issues in the Tatarbunarsky district of the Odessa region for 2013–2017, which was processed statistically, was the material of our research. It found that the main specific mass of number of small cattle grown in Homstead farms by inhabitants of the area. The district veterinary service carried out a number of diagnostic and treatment-and-prophylactic measures during the trial period. In the Household farms only mandatory activities were carried out, which are founded from the budget account (serological tests for brucellosis and preventive vaccination against Anthrax). Analysis of the volumes and conditions of slaughter of small cattle in the area showed that the number of slaughtered animals invariably decreases from year to year and 100% of slaughter is carried out by the farmer in the conditions of homestead farms. It was also established that in the experimental period, according to results of pre-slaughter clinical examination of animals and post-slaughter examination no cases of illness were identified. Selling of slaughter products of small cattle is carried out through a distributing facilities of agrofood markets of district and region. The analysis found that all carcasses that entered to the markets succumbed to veterinary-sanitary examination in State Laboratories of Veterinary-Sanitary Examination, the results of which in 2015 and 2016 reveald cases of invasive diseases (fasciolosis and echinococcosis). This fact is worrying about the quality of its conducts in the conditions of the household slaughter, accuming that during the post-slaughter veterinary-sanitary examination no cases of illness have been identified. Summarizing the monitoring results we obtained, we concluded that at this stage the safety management system for the products of slaughter of small cattle cannot fully guarantee consumer safety and requires urgent complex measures to increase efficiency.

The article provides data on the spread of echinococcosis and cysticercosis of sheep and goats in the farms of the South of Ukraine. The aim of the study was to monitor echinococcosis and cysticercosis of small cattle in farms in the southern and northern regions of Odessa region. The research was carried out at the slaughter points of the Odessa region. In order to identify larval cestodoses, carcasses and organs from 322 sheep and 84 goats were examined. In the south of the Odessa region at slaughter points with. Tatarbunary of the Tatarbunar district and Olefirenko LLC of the Liman district, 217 sheep and 45 goats were examined. 105 sheep and 39 goats were examined at the slaughter points of cattle in the Kodimsky district and LLC "Segros" in the Shiryaevsky district of the northern part of the Odessa region. For the period from 2016 to 2020, four causative agents of larvaceous cestodoses were registered, which include: echinococcosis, cysticercosis ovis (phinosis), tenuikolny and coenurosis (whirligig). Echinococcus infestation of sheep in the southern regions of the Odessa region was in the range from 10.1 % to 14.7 %, and in goats - 10.7-11.1 %, while in the northern regions the infection of sheep was 7.4-8.9 %, and goats - 6.5-7.9 %. The incidence of Cysticercus tenuicollis sheep in the southern regions ranged from 13.8% to 15.7 %, while in the northern regions - from 18.5% to 22.3 %, which is 29.6 % more. In 95 % of sheep, Cysticercus tenuicollis was found on the omentum, in 3 % on the omentum and liver, and in 2 % an only on the liver with an intensity of 3 to 16 cysts per animal. In goats, all cysts were exclusively on the omentum.

The main direction of state policy regarding the guaranty safety and quality of animal products is the creation of conditions that are safe for human health during the production and sale of food raw materials. According to current legislation of Ukraine responsibility for the safety of food products placed on the manufacturer but government control plays an important role. This is especially true today, when almost 69.5% of meat is produced in private home farms. It is mainly sold in the agro-industrial markets. The State Service of Ukraine for Food Safety should perform the conditions of modern European regulation and base its activities on the basis of risk assessment. One of the risks are parasitosis, as their negative effect affects the health of millions of people in the world. In this cjnnection the purpose of the study was to analyze the dynamics of the identification of invasive diseases at the stages of slaughter of animals and the sale of slaughter products. Research material was reporting on veterinary medicine of a number of districts of Odessa region for 2014-2017. It was founded that 75943 animals were slaughtered in 2014-2017: 91.18% pigs, 8.14% cattle and 0.68% sheep. The analysis of the dynamics of slaughter, depending on its location, showed that from 41.85% to 99.81% of animals were slaughtered at courtyard. According to the results of veterinary-sanitary control and supervision during the slaughter for the studied years there were no cases of diseases. It was founded that 22617 animal's carcasses came to the agrofood markets of the regions for the years 2014-2017, among which 89.56% were pig carcasses, 10,11% cattle carcasses and only 0.33% sheep. According to results of veterinary-sanitary examination in the conditions of SLVSE in the markets, specialists established 351 cases of diseases. In the study of pig carcasses 246 cases of diseases were detected: among them of non-communicable (45.93%) and invasive (54.07%) etiology (echinococcosis). Luring the expertise of cattle carcases was founded 96 cases of diseases: -dicroceliosis (98.96%) and exinococcosis (1.04%); during the expertise of sheep's carcases -9 cases of diseases -dicroceliosis (66.67%) and exinococcosis (33.33%). Considering that during the reporting period, according to the results of veterinary-sanitary control and supervision during the slaughter of animals, no cases of diseases were detected, but at the same time the number of cases of detection of invasive diseases during veterinary-sanitary examination in SLVSE on markets constantly increases risk management at the stage of slaughter can be considered not sufficiently effective. Also, the results of our research indicate that the current system for managing the safety of slaughter products is still based primarily on the study of the final product. It does not take into account all possible risks at the previous stages of production. This system can't fully guarantee to consumer safety of products.

Today, one of the most objective indicators of safety and quality are microbiological. Although it is practically impossible to completely avoid meat contamination and a wide range of factors may affect the microbial contamination of meat, despite this, microbiological risk analysis is the most effective system for assessing and controlling the safety of meat and meat products, in particular lamb. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to determine the microbiological parameters of lamb obtained from animals affected by monitors, in particular during peak infestations in the southern region. We investigated 125 lamb’s carcasses killed in Berezovsky and Saratsky districts of the Odessa region within 3 months. 35 carcasses from that quantity were infected by monieziosis. This amounts 28%. Percentage of moniezia disease  was 20% in May, in June and July respectively 39.1% and 22.7%. The results of study showed that the defeat of lambs at the age of 4−6 month by moniezia leads to decrease of quality of mutton. The microbiological indexes indicate it. Study of common bacterial contamination established that the QMAFAnM in samples of experimental group didn’t exceed the allowable level in May and June. So, in May allocated 3.01 ± 0.28×103* CFU per 1 g (Р ≤ 0.05). This is true toward control. The quantity of Colonies Forming Units per 1 g increased in June and was 3.13 ± 0.23×105 (Р ≤ 0.05). The increase is related to gradual height of the inflammatory process, intoxication, allergization of lamb’s organism that caused by moniezia. The QMAFAnM exceed the allowable level in July and was 5.22 ± 0.11×106 CFU per 1 g (Р ≤ 0.05). This indicates a questionable quality of meat. That raw materials can’t be used by consumers on general grounds. It can cause outbreaks of food poisoning. The QMAFAnM during experimental period didn’t exceed the allowable level and was within the 1.81 ± 0.34−4.31 ± 0.12×102 CFU per 1 g in carcasses from non-invasive by moniezia (control group) animals. Collibacillus bacterias have indentified during all experimental period in samples from invasion by moniezia animals. At the same time collibacillus bacterias in samples from non-invasion animals were found only in June and July. Average content of colibacillus baсterias was within the 1.68 ± 0.12−4.65 ± 0.26×102 (Р ≤ 0.05) CFU per 1 g for experimental group. The index didn’t exceed the allowable level but it was higher than indexes in control group. Salmonella contamination was not detected in any groups of samples.

The increase of animal and poultry production can be achieved by the effective use of fodder, including vegetable feed. However, it is known that the vegetable feed can contain anti-nutrients (phytic acid or its salts). They reduce the nutrient availability in the diet. That is why, the research aim is the description of the phytate influence on the body and the definition of the right feed phytases for fodder production. Phosphorus is responsible for the energy supply to the body for metabolic processes. It plays a significant role in the metabolism of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. It takes part in the synthesis of enzymes, hormones, vitamins. Phosphorus ensures the stability of the skeleton of animals along with calcium. However, the predominant part of phosphorus is not available for animals in the vegetable feed as it is presented by phytates, which do not split in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of animals. When phytates get into the acidic environment of the stomach they ionize and react with positively charged minerals, proteins, amino acids creating compounds that are inaccessible for further digestion. The availability of phosphorus from phytates is provided by the phytase adding to the fodder, which not only splits phytates, but also reduces their anti-nutritional effect by concentration decreasing. From the present-day data it is known that phytates contain difficult soluble phosphorus. They also make it difficult to absorb another biologically active nutrients from fodder. The enrichment of the animal diet with microbial phytase makes calcium, zinc and copper be more accessible. It improves digestibility of food and stimulates weight gain. Phytase activity determined by the laboratory method does not allow to make up a conclusion about its expected effectiveness for animals. At present it is almost impossible to conduct such complex research and to use the dynamic modeling of digestion processes in the laboratory. The decision about the appropriate use of proposed preparations with phytase in the fodder is made on the basis of the production test. Keywords: animal feed, enzymes, phytase, anti-nutritional effect of phytates, extra phosphoric effect of phytase, activity of the feed preparations of phytase.

Introduction Contagious agalactia of ruminants is an endemic disease caused by Mycoplasma agalactiae in flicting significant losses on farms in deaths and forced slaughter of sick animals, abortions, births of sick young animals, and reduced milk and wool production. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of hydrometeorological conditions on the distribution and forms of contagious agalactia in sheep in Bessarabia, Ukraine. Material and Methods The epizootic situation regarding contagious agalactia was studied during 2011–2021 on sheep farms in the south of the Odesa region in Bessarabia. Over two million blood samples from sheep aged 1–6 years were serologically investigated and the prevalence of agalactia was correlated with Selyaninov’s hydrothermal coefficient for each sampling year. Results High rates of infection of sheep with contagious agalactia (from 13.1% to 14.4%) were registered in 2012, 2016 and 2021, years which according to the hydrothermal coefficient of 1.0 were sufficiently moist. The lowest incidence rates, from 6.5% to 7.4%, were registered in the very dry 2013, 2014 and 2019 with hydrothermal coefficients of 0.5‒0.6. In sufficiently moist years, contagious agalactia of sheep manifested itself in the mastitic form, while in the dry period the mastitic form was half as prevalent, and the mixed, articular and ocular forms of the disease proliferated. Conclusion The results indicate the circulation of Mycoplasma agalactiae among small ruminants in Bessarabia, and that the prevalence and the course of the associated disease depend on the humidity of the climate, i.e. the value of the hydrothermal coefficient.