A 3-month old male child weight 3.2 kg presented was with anaemia (Hb 3.1 mg/dl) and massive hepatospleenomegaly. His respiratory and CVS systems were normal. Osmatic fragility and G 6 PD spot test were normal. Hb electrophoresis showed HbA-86.02%, HbF 2.8% and HbA 2 3.9%. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy showed typical Gaucher cells. This case was diagnosed as an infantile Gaucher's disease.
Neoplasms of upper gastrointestinal tract specially malignancy is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Endoscopy has greatly facilitated the detection and diagnosis of gastrointestinal lesions. Early cancer is highly curable. Unfortunately most early cancers are asymptomatic. Brush cytology and biopsy are complimentary procedures for the detection of upper gastrointestinal neoplasms. 100 cases of non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions were studied over a period of one year from January 2015 to December 2015 at the Department of Pathology, Gandhi Hospital/Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. Patients between 21 to 75 years of age presenting to the department of Gastroenterology with complaints of dysphagia, retrosternal pain, vomiting and loss of weight were included in the study. Endoscopy was done using flexible video endoscopy on patients with ulcer or polypoid and ulcerative growths in the upper GIT. Exfoliated cells from the lesion were collected by means of a brush introduced through the endosope. Smears were made by directly smearing the brush on to a slide and fixed with a spray fixative containing 95% ethyl alcohol. Slides were stained by Hematoxylin & Eosin and Papanicoulou stains. After brushing, multiple biopsies were taken from the representative area of the lesions. Cytohistological correlation was done. Brush cytology is a useful, inexpensive procedure that gives rapid diagnosis in cases of endoscopically visible suspicious lesions of upper GIT. It is an accurate diagnostic adjunct to biopsy in the detection of cancers at an early stage.
Salivary Gland lesions include non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions. The majority of neoplasms are benign. The present study is a prospective study of 65 cases of salivary gland lesions, conducted at Gandhi Hospital/Gandhi Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India over a period of five years. Parotid gland was the most frequently involved among all salivary glands. The age range of the patients was from 8 to 65 years. Non-neoplastic lesions occurred in all ages, whereas benign tumors were common in adults and malignancies were common in older age groups. There was a slight female preponderance in the ratio of 1.3:1. FNAC was performed with 23/24 gauge needle without local anaesthesia. Air dried and 95% ethyl alcohol fixed wet smears were stained with Giemsa, Papanicoulou and Hematoxylin & Eosin stains. Surgical specimens of these cases fixed in 10% formalin were received at the Department of Pathology. After processing the tissues, sections were cut from the paraffin wax blocks and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin. Cytohistological correlation was done. The high accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of FNAC is very much helpful as a preoperative procedure in the diagnosis of salivary gland lesions. FNAC is useful for rapid, reliable and early diagnosis of all salivary gland lesions.
Introduction: Papanicolaou(PAP) staining is commonly used for staining cervical cytology. Leishman Giemsa (LG) cocktail, being a relatively new staining technique, is now being usedextensively in exfoliative cytology.Aims & Objective:To study and evaluate the diagnostic efficacy and reliability of LG cocktail in comparison with the PAP stain in exfoliated cells of cervical cytology. Materials &Method: Cross-sectional study conducted at department of pathology for 3 months.The pap smears were stained with LG and PAP stains. The smears were evaluated in terms of nuclear morphology,Cytoplasm and background and scored as per the criteria of Sujathanetal. Results: Sample size was 200 (100 pap stained and 100 LG cocktail stained).Both Cytoplasmic staining and Nuclear staining was better in LG. Background staining is more in LG Cocktail stain but was not obscuring the cell morphology. Conclusion: Papanicolaou staining is widely used technique but it has few limitations LG cocktail staining method is an easy, cost-effective and one-step technique that can be helpful in screening large number of cases in screening cervical cancers.
Cutaneous bronchogenic cysts are rare congenital anomalies arising from the ventral foregut that forms the respiratory system as a result of abnormal budding of the bronchial tree during embryogenesis between 4 th and 6 th weeks of gestation. In the majority of the cases, pre-operative diagnosis is difficult, and the diagnosis is usually a histopathological surprise. We report a case of cutaneous bronchogenic cyst of the presternal location, which presented as a subcutaneous nodule with a discharging fistula. Histopathology showed a cyst lined by respiratory type of epithelium and unusual presence of lymphoid follicles around the cyst wall.
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