Latarbelakang: Suatu parameter diperlukan dalam layanan atau kegiatan kesehatan, antara lain untuk menentukan kapasitas fungsional. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan parameter kapasitas fungsi untuk dewasa sehat Indonesia berupa rumus prediksi O 2 maksimal. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan 123 subjek (58 laki-laki dan 65 perempuan) dewasa sehat Indonesia dengan sikap hidup sedentary, dengan metode potong-lintang. Hasil: Dirancang dengan memasukkan jarak tempuh disertai berturut-turut tinggi badan, berat badan, jenis kelamin, umur, denyut jantung tertinggi yang didapat dari uji jalan di lintasan dan kapasitas paru (VEP1 dan KVP) setelah didapati berkorelasi baik (kecuali berat badan) dengan O 2 maksimal. Diperoleh tiga rumus baru dengan delapan variabel, enam variabel dan lima variabel. Pada uji menggunakan rumus baru didapati hasil O 2 maksimal yang sesuai dengan baku emas O 2 maksimal menggunakan Cosmed ® C-P ex. Kesimpulan: Rumus Nury merupakan prediksi ambilan oksigen maksimal yang tepat untuk dewasa sehat Indonesia karena dirancang dengan subjek Indonesia (ras Mongoloid) dibanding rumus Cahalin (ras Kaukasia). Rumus Nury dengan lima variabel lebih mudah diaplikasikan karena tidak memerlukan alat ukur dan tenaga yang berkompetensi khusus.

Indonesian BFI is a reliable and valid instrument for Indonesian cancer patients.

Introduction: Forward head posture (FHP) is a very common problem among the working population. Being one of the most subconscious function in humans, respiratory function utilizes both the diaphragmand external intercostal muscles for quiet breathing. However during labored breathing, many other muscles will be recruited, and mostly these muscles have attachments in the cervical, thoracic ribcage,and even lumbar vertebrae. By the nature of attachments of these muscles on the cervical vertebra and thoracic cage, it is then plausible that FHP would affect the respiratory function. Methods: Thorough searches were done through international journals for the last ten years regarding the topic of FHP and its impacts to the respiratory biomechanics. Discussion: Previous studies have reported how prolonged FHP will result in kyphotic posture, reducing the mobility of ribcage, and modifies all respiratory muscular attachments such as sternocleidomastoids, intercostals, and to a certain extent, the diaphragm. All these result in a restrictive lung disorder, signified by reducing spirometry values, such as Forced Vital Capacity, Sniff Nasal Inspiratory Pressure, and Peak Flow Rate. Conclusion: Forward head posture disturb the respiratory biomechanics.

Walk test is a test that often used because walking is a basic activity. There are time-based walk tests and some are based on track length. A 6-minute walk test is a time-based walk test with a distance trevaled as a result. A 6-minute walk test is frequently used as functional clinical capacity trial. This test is performed on a straight track. The length of the track varies from 10-meters to 85-meters. This study examined the reliability and validity of a 6-minute walk test on a 15-meter track. The 15-meter track with markers every 3-meters, 30-centimeters wide to the right and left from the center line. The subject went straight as close to the center line as possible. When the subject arrived at both ends, the subject rotated with the three step method. The study compared the 6-minute walk test on the 15-meter track with three-step rotating method with on Biodex® gait trainer gold-standard. This study involved subjects as many as 123 healthy Indonesians adults (58 men, 65 women), and obtained Cronbach alpha of 0.999 and Pearson correlation value of 0.998. This shows that the results of the 15-meter trajectory test have validity and precision values which are as good as the 6-minute walk test without spinning. Abstark Uji jalan merupakan uji yang sering dipakai karena berjalan merupakan aktivitas dasar. Uji jalan ada yang berbasis waktu dan berbasis panjang lintasan. Uji jalan enam menit merupakan uji berbasis waktu dengan jarak tempuh sebagai hasil keluarannya. Uji jalan 6 menit merupakan uji klinis kapasitas fungsional yang sering dipergunakan. Uji ini dilakukan pada lintasan lurus. Panjang lintasan bervariasi dari 10 meter hingga 60 meter.. Penelitian ini meneliti keterandalan dan kesahihan uji jalan enam menit pada lintasan 15 meter. Lintasan sepanjang 15 meter dengan marka setiap tiga meter, lebar lintasan 30 sentimeter ke kanan dan ke kiri dari garis tengah. Subyek berjalan lurus sedekat mungkin dengan garis tengah lintasan. Ketika subyek tiba pada ke dua ujung , berbalik arah dengan metoda tiga langkah. Penelitian ini membandingkan uji jalan 6 menit pada lintasan 15 meter dengan metoda berputar pada ke dua ujungnya dengan baku emas uji jalan 6 menit pada Biodex®gait trainer. Melibatkan subyek 123 orang Indonesia dewasa sehat (58 laki-laki), didapatkan Cronbach alfa 0,999 dengan nilai korelasi r= 0,998. Hal ini memiliki arti bahwa hasil lintasan 15 meter memiliki  kesahihan dan nilai ketepatan yang sama baiknya dengan uji jalan 6 menit.

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BACKGROUND The recovery after prolonged immobilization during hospitalization because of COVID-19 is the primary goal of moderate to severe COVID-19 rehabilitation. Lower extremity muscle function assessment after immobilization is needed before starting mobilization. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of the modified 30-second sit-to-stand test (m30STS) as one of the prospective tools of functional capacity assessment in moderate COVID-19. METHODS This cross-sectional study recruited the subjects consecutively. All eligible subjects with oxygen saturation (SaO2) ≥95% with or without oxygen supplementation performed the m30STS following the Bohannon’s guidelines. The score of m30STS was calculated based on the number of stands completed within 30 sec. A higher score of the m30STS indicated better lower extremity function. RESULTS Mean score of m30STS was 13.3. No subjects had oxygen desaturation or increased heart rate, and no fall incidents occurred. CONCLUSIONS The m30STS is feasible and safe to evaluate lower extremity for moderate COVID-19 patients with SaO2 >95%. The absence of oxygen desaturation and increase in heart rate showed no increased oxygen consumption during the test.

Introduction: Six-minute walk test has been a recommended valid and reliable tool used for functional capacity assessment. American Thoracic Society (ATS) had stated that there are no global standards in interpreting 6-minute walking distance (6MWD) as a one-time measurement of functional assessment, which may be caused by population differences and various 6MWT technique utilized in previous studies. Single time cut off is required to evaluate functional status at the start of a program as a baseline for further follow-up evaluations. It is then a necessity to determine these cut off points in every country/race. Methods: The study was performed on healthy subjects, sedentary lifestyle, age 18-50, Indonesian ethnicity (Mongoloid race). Recorded data were 6 minute walking distance,also body height and weight. Predicted walking distance based on gender is obtained by calculating walk distance, body weight, body height, gender and subject age in Nury’s predicted walk distance formula. Data is analysed with SPSS 20, utilizing independent T-test. Results: As much as 123 subjects (58 males, 65 females) were included in this study. Mean walking distance for males is 581,98 meters, while females are 516,80 meters, and these differences were statistically significant. Walking distance cut off point between gender were compared. In male subjects, actual walking distance were taken as normalif >483 meters, poor if 434-483 meters, and very poor <434 meters. As for female subjects, normal when >442 meters, poor when 405-442 meters, and very poor in distance <405 meters. General percentage cut off point in comparison to predicted walking distance was categorized into normal, poor and very poor subgroups. Normal percentage was >85%, poor when distance is 77-85%, and <77% categorized as very poor. Conclusion: There are varying cut off points for walking distance in both males and females. Percentage cut off point as compared to predicted walking distance were not differentiated between genders.

Introduction: Endurance is one of the key fitness measure that should be evaluated daily. Clinicalassessment of endurance in daily practice is usually hurdled by limitation of hospital spaces. Anotherobstacle arise that shorter six-minute walk test (6MWT) track will lead to more turning motion, yieldingshorter straight walking distance with increased ener gy expenditure.Methods: This cross sectional study compares 6MWT on a 15 meter corridor, to the gold standardBiodex® gait trainer for healthy adults aged 18-50 years. Subjects without any anatomical abnormalitiesor systemic disorders were recruited, and instructed to turn in a three-step method at track ends tomaximize walking distance. Furthermore, validity and reliability assessments to obtain both Pearsoncorrelation and Cronbach Alpha values were performed respectively.Results: Among 123 subjects, 58 males aged ranging from 18 to 45 years, and females between 18 to42 years were recruited. Anthropometrical values were similar between gender. Significant differencein walking distance and walking speed was observed. Comparison of walking distance between the twomodalities were seen to be statistically similar (p=0.693). Pearson validity test was proven significant (p<0.001) with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.998, while reliability test obtained Cronbach’s Alpha valueof 0.999, hence showing that these are both valid and reliable.Conclusion: Good validity and reliability of 6MWT in 15 meter track as compared to the gold standardBiodex® gait trainer was demonstrated in this study. Moreover, shorter track is a potential modificationadhering to the limitation of operational space. The three-step turning method could significantlyimproves total walk distance, and thus is suggested.Keywords: clinical assessment, endurance, six-minute walk test, walk dist ance, walking speed