Background Simple febrile seizure is the most common form of seizure which occurs during childhood period. Zinc, one of microelements in human body, has an important role in central nervous system formation.Objectives To find out serum zinc level in simple febrile seizure patients and the correlation between serum zinc level and simplefebrile seizure.Methods This cros-sectional study was conducted at R. D. Kandoll Hospital, Tingkat III Teling Hospital and Pancaran Kasih Hospital, Manado on April 5th - June 15th, 2009.Results Diagnosis for febrile v.ithout seizure patients were 12 with acute respiratory tract infection (ARl), 6 dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), 6 acute diarrhea v.ithout dehydration and 1 ARI with DHF, while simple febrile seizure were 19 ARI, five acute diarrhea v.ithout dehydration and one ARI v.ith DHF. There were no significant differences of age, gender and nutritional status in two groups. F amily history of febrile seizure, febrile period and body temperature in two groups were significantly different. Mean serum zinc level in simple febrile seizure and febrile v.ithout seizure were 8.83 μmol/L and 13.72 μmol/L, respectively. Mean serum zinc level in simple febrile seizure children with seizure period <5 minutes, 5-<10 minutes and 10-15 minutes were 10.27 (SD 0.25) μmol/L, 9.02 (SD 0.81) ) μmol/L and 6.90 (SD) 0.98 μmol/L, respectively.Conclusions There is correlation between serum zinc level and simple febrile seizure. The lesser serum zinc level, the longer duration of seizure occurs in simple febrile seizure.
Obesity is now a global problem. The prevalence is increasing not only in developed countries but also in developing countries. Currently, obesity in children is still a complex issue. The cause is multifactorial, making it hard for the implementation. The increasing of overweight and obesity in children around the world participate to boost the prevalence of hypertension in children. Observing the heredity aspect of hypertension, emerging understanding that hypertension in adults are from children. Therefore, efforts to reduce the prevalence of overweight and obesity will decrease the prevalence of hypertension in children indirectly. Objective: To determine the relationship of obesity with blood pressure in children aged 10-12 years. Methodology: This study was observational analytic cross sectional design. Results: There were 111 children as the subjects of study that meets the inclusion criteria which have been measured. Consisted of 57 girls and 54 boys. Of 111 obese children are 31 children with normal blood pressure, 55 children with high-normal blood pressure and 25 children with high blood pressure, there is a significant relationship with the Chi-Square Test (p = 0.007). Conclusion: There is a relationship between obesity and blood pressure appearance in children aged 10-12 years. Keywords: blood Pressure, hypertension, obesity. Abstrak: Obesitas saat ini sudah menjadi masalah global. Prevalensinya meningkat tidak saja dinegara maju tapi juga di negara-negara berkembang. Obesitas pada anak sampai saat ini masih merupakan masalah yang kompleks. Penyebabnya multifaktorial sehingga menyulitkan penatalaksanaannya. Peningkatan kegemukan dan obesitas pada anak di seluruh dunia ikut mendongkrak prevalensi hipertensi pada anak. Melihat unsur keturunan dari hipertensi, muncul pemahaman bahwa hipertensi pada orang dewasa berasal dari anak-anak. Oleh karena itu upaya menurunkan prevalensi kegemukan dan obesitas akan menurunkan prevalensi hipertensi pada anak secara tidak langsung. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan obesitas dengan tekanan darah pada anak usia 10-12 tahun. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan potong lintang. Hasil: Terdapat 111 anak subjek penelitian yang memenuhi kriteria Inklusi yang telah diukur. Terdiri dari 57 anak perempuan dan 54 anak laki-laki. Dari 111 anak obes tersebut 31 anak dengan tekanan darah normal, 55 anak dengan tekanan darah normal tinggi dan 25 anak bertekanan darah tinggi, terdapat hubungan bermakna dengan Uji Chi-Square (p=0,007). Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara obesitas dan profil tekanan darah pada anak usia 10 – 12 tahun. Kata Kunci: Hipertensi, Obesitas, Tekanan Darah
and time of sleep. Decreased melatonin levels have been noted in people with sleep disorders. Melatonin is a neurohormone, produced mainly by the pineal gland, as well as a small part of the retina. Its function is to maintain normal circadian rhythms and it is related to sleep regulation in humans.Objective To assess for a relationship between melatonin levels and sleep disorders in adolescents.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study on students of two secondary schools in Tuminting, Manado, North Sulawesi, from May to June 2013. Subjects were obtained by consecutive sampling for a total of 44 adolescents aged 12-15 years. Subjects filled questionnaires, underwent wrist actigraphy, and provided blood specimens for examination of melatonin levels. We used descriptive and logistic regression analyses to assess for relationships between variables.Results Thirty (68.2%) subjects experienced sleep disorders. There was a significant association between decreased melatonin levels and the higher incidence of sleep disturbances (P = 0.02).Conclusion There is a correlation between melatonin levels in adolescents with sleep disorders. Decreased melatonin levels are associated with sleep disorders.
Febrile seizure usually occurs during increased body temperature (rectal temperature >380 C) caused by an extracranial process. Although febrile seizure is not a neurological disorder, it occurs most common among children. This study was aimed to obtain the profile of febrile seizure in children. This was a descriptive retrospective study. This study was conducted at the Department of Pediatrics Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital from January 2014 to June 2016. The results showed that there were 150 children diagnosed as febrile seizure. The majority of them were as follows: age group of 1 - < 2 years old in 41 children (27.3%), males (50.7%), family history in 104 children (69.3%), respiratory tract infection as the cause of fever in 68 children (45.3%); complex febrile seizure in 91 children (60.7%); normal birth weight in 135 children (90%); normal nutritional status in 101 children (67.3%); and spontaneous delivery with head presentastion ins 127 children (84.7%). Conclusion: In this study, febrile seizure was most common among boys and diagnosed as complex febrile seizure.Keywords: febrile seizures, body temperature, extracranial, children Abstrak: Kejang demam ialah bangkitan kejang yang terjadi pada kenaikan suhu tubuh (suhu rektal >380C) yang disebabkan oleh suatu proses ekstrakranial. Walalupun kejang demam bukan merupakan suatu kelainan neurologis tetapi keadaan ini sering dijumpai pada anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil kejang demam pada anak. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif untuk mengetahui profil kejang demam di Bagian Ilmu Kesehatan Anak RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou periode Januari 2014 sampai Juni 2016. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 150 anak yang didiagnosis kejang demam. Kejang demam paling sering ditemukan pada usia 1 - <2 tahun berjumlah 41 anak (27,3%); jenis kelamin laki-laki berjumlah 99 anak (66%); suhu badan >380C berjumlah 76 anak (50,7%); adanya riwayat keluarga 104 anak (69,3%); penyakit yang mendasari infeksi saluran pernafasan berjumlah 68 anak (45,3%); jenis kejang demam kompleks 91anak (60,7%); berat badan lahir normal 135 anak (90%); status gizi normal 101 anak (67,3%); riwayat jenis persalinan spontan LBK 127 anak (84,7%). Simpulan: Kejang demam paling sering terjadi pada anak laki-laki dan diagnosis jenis kejang demam kompleks. Kata kunci: kejang demam, suhu tubuh, ekstrakranial, anak
Background Lead poisoning is a source of health problems inhumans. A chronic complication oflead poisoning in children ispermanent intellectual impairment.Objective To assess for a correlation of blood lead levels andintelligence quotient (IQ) in children.Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in children aged6 to 8 years in th e Talawaan (a rural area) and Wenang (an urbanarea) Distticts, North Sulawesi, from April to July 2012. Blood leadlevels were measured using the graphite furnace atomic absorptionspectrometry technique; and intelligence was meas ured with theWechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Indonesian version.Results There were 50 subjects from the Talawaan District and 54subjects from the Wenang Disttict in this study. The mean bloodlead level in the Talawaan District subjects was significantly higherthan that of the Wenang Disttict subjects [25.8 (SD 16.98) μgidLvs 11.4 (SD 13.81) μgidL, respectively; (P<0.001)]. There was aweak negative correlation between blood lead level and IQ in theTalawaan Disttict children (P= 0.038; r= -0.3). As such, there wasa 0.05 IQ point decrement associated with each increase of 1 μ gidLin blood lead level in Talawaan District children. However, therewas no correlation between blood lead level and IQ in the WenangDisttict children (P=0.42; r =0.03).Conclusion There is a weak negative correlation between bloodlead level and IQ in children living in a rural area, howevei; thiscorrelation is not found in children living in an urban area.
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