The research aimed to study the effect of varieties and cropping systems on growth and yield of rice plants. In addition, to obtain rice varieties that produce the highest grain yield of dry milled at each planting system tested. The research was conducted in the village Bengle Majalaya Karawang District of West Java in the rainy season, from May 2014 through the month of August 2014. The method used in this experiment is the experimental method. The experimental design used is a separate plot design (strip plot design), the first factor is the cropping system consists of: conventional cropping systems), cropping system (PTT) and SRI cropping system, while the second factor is composed of rice genotypes genotype Ciherang rice, rice genotypes Cilamaya Muncul, genotype Sriputih rice and genotype Manohara rice, the combination treatment of as many as 12 were repeated 3 times. The research results showed that Conventional cropping systems significantly affect the number of panicles per hill, cropping systems SRI significant effect on the number of filled grain per panicle, empty grains per panicle and grain yield highest dry milled. In genotype Manohara significant effect on the number of panicles per hill, besides genotype Manohara shows the percentage of filled grains per panicle highest weight of 1000 grains and the highest contents. The highest grain yield of dry milled still achieved by genotype that has been released is Cilamaya Muncul (3.80 tonnes/ha).
Abstract. Sweet corn production in Indonesia can be increased by intensification program, such as the use of superior cultivars, the use of balanced fertilizer, and the use of organic fertilizer. Objective of the research was to study Integrated Crop Management System, that related to use of fermented organic fertilizer (bokashi) which suitable to sweet corn crop, especially in lowland area of Karawang district. The method of research was experiment. The experimental design was Randomized Block Design, that consisted of 16 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments were 4 bokashi dosage (0, 5, 10 and 15 ton ha-1) combined with 4 varieties of F1 sweet corn (Bonanza, Talenta , Secada and Sweet Boy). The data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Duncan multiple-range test at 5%. The results show that bokashi dosage had given difference on plant height, number of leaves per plant, diameter of the stem, weight of ears, number of grain rows, and yield. Dosages of 10 tons ha-1 bokashi gave the best growth and sweet corn yield of Sweet Boy F1 varieties on Integrated Crop Management System. Keywords: Sweet Corn, Bokashi, CMS. Sari. Produksi jagung manis di Indonesia dapat ditingkatkan dengan program intensifikasi, diantaranya dengan penggunaan kultivar unggul, pupuk berimbang, dan pupuk organik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari sistem pengelolaan tanaman terpadu, yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan pupuk orga-nik bokashi yang cocok pada tanaman jagung manis, khususnya di dataran rendah Karawang. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan percobaan. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok, terdiri dari 16 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari 4 dosis bokashi (0, 5, 10 dan 15 ton ha-1) yang dikombinasikan dengan 4 varietas jagung manis F1(Bonanza, Talenta , Secada dan Sweet Boy). Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis varians dan uji jarak berganda Duncan pada taraf 5%. Hasil menunjukkan perlakuan dosis bokashi memberikan perbedaan pada tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, diameter batang, berat tongkol, jumlah baris biji, dan hasil. Dosis bokashi 10 ton ha-1 memberikan pertumbuhan dan hasil terbaik jagung manis varietas Sweet Boy pada sistem Pengelolaan Tanaman Terpadu. Kata kunci: Jagung Manis, Bokashi, Pengelolaan Tanaman Terpadu
The Cucurbitaceae has been known to many farmers as a plant that has beneficial for agriculture industries. For decades plants that belong to Cucurbitaceae such as cucumber (Cucumis sativus), watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), and melon (Cucumis melo) has been cultivated to meet consumer needs. In Indonesia, a new variety of melon has been discovered namely apple cucumber. This new variety has blurred the difference between melon and cucumber due to the vegetative resemblance. This research was conducted to clarify the different characters and to study the morpho-agronomic characteristic in qualitative and quantitative-based on IPGRI descriptors. Important and significant diagnostic characters were observed to developed good cultivar in quality and quantity. 16 qualitative and 15 quantitative characters from 120 characters of apple cucumber were observed to determine the specific characters for good cultivar. Principal Analysis Component (PCA) using Python was used to showed discriminative character and also to distinguished apple cucumber to melon and cucumber based on 120 characters of apple cucumber. Morphological differences existing among melon, cucumber, watermelon, and apple cucumber, in particular, are presented.
Cucurbitaceae is one of the largest family in Angiosperm in which the most member of this family is important fruit crops in Indonesia such as Cucumber, Melon, Watermelon, and Apple Cucumber. In particular, Apple Cucumber, currently attracts attention to many researchers due to its phylogeneticand taxonomic problem. In term of its appearance, the fruit looks like an apple but the taste is melon. The purpose of this study was to elucidatephylogenetic relationship between Apple Cucumber and other species of Cucurbitaceae based on variation of DNA sequences derived from internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. As many as six individuals of Apple Cucumber collected from Karawang, Jember, and Aceh were examined. The ITS sequences of some species of family Cucurbitaceae were retrieved from GenBank, and put them in the analysis. Phylogenetic analysis based on parsimony method with using Begoniaas outgroup reveals that Apple Cucumber are nested in the same clade as Melon (Cucumis melo) with high bootstrap value (100%), suggesting that Apple Cucumber is under the same species as Melon. However, on the basis of morphological characters of fruit, apple cucumber is different with that of Melon. This considerably first phylogenetics treatment provides fundamental knowledge for establishing a subspecies of Melon.
The presence of new pest Spodoptera frugperda J. E. Smith has the potential to reduce corn production, so its existence needs to be controlled. The aim of this research is to obtain control techniques that could reduce the intensity of S. frugiperda pest’s attack. The research was conducted from June to October 2020. The experiment was designed in a randomized block design (RBD) with 9 replications and 3 treatments consisting of non-control (NP), PHT-biointensive (BI), and synthetic pesticides. In BI treatment, neem leaf extract (25 mL/plot) and Beauveria bassiana (6,25 g/plot) were used. Meanwhile, the PS treatment used deltametrin active ingredient (3,125 mL/plot). The volume of spray used was 1,25 L. The results showed that PS control techniques gave the best results in suppressing the intensity of fall armyworm S. frugiperda attacks (0,57%-7,04%) followed by BI treatment (0%-6,89%) and NP (0,97%-8,29%). The highest pest populations overall were found in NP treatment and the lowest in PS treatment. PS treatment provided the highest production result with a cob weight of 18,6 kg/plot (24,81 tons/ha), while BI treatment of 17,00 kg/plot (22,72 tons/ha) and NP of 15,44 kg/plot (20,64 tons/ha). The results of the correlation test between the intensity of pest attacks and production results showed that the higher the pest attack, the lower the harvest weight produced. Therefore, pest control by using synthetic pesticides made from active deltametrin is declared effective in suppressing the intensity of attacks and populations of fall armyworm S. frugiperda and able to provide high production results. Keywords: corn, intensity of attack, Spodoptera frugiperda
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