The use of NPK fertilizer and bokashi composting, which is a fermented organic matter combined with microbial stock, have been reported as potential agricultural practices to enhance the farming land and crop production. The aim of this research is to understand the type of bokashi fertilizer and the correct dosage of NPK inorganic fertilizer in improving entisol soil quality and shallot yield in the dry land. The research used the split-plot design, which was divided into two factors. The first factor of the main plot was the bokashi type consisting of two levels: 3 t ha-1 of bokashi compost of Gliricidia sp. tree leaves (B1); and bokashi cow manure 3 t ha-1 (B2). The second factor as the subplot was the NPK inorganic fertilizer dose which were consisted of four levels: without fertilizers (K0), NPK 100 kg ha-1 (K1), NPK 200 kg ha-1 (K2), and NPK 300 kg ha-1 (K3). By combination of these two factors 8 combined treatments with 3 replications totally 24 units were obtained. The result of the research showed that application of 3 t ha-1 bokashi cow manure (B2) coupled with NPK inorganic fertilizer at 200 kg ha-1 (K2) caused a decrease in evaporation of its land and soil temperature, while increase shallot bulb yield compared with other treatments. The analysis of soil and soil microbes showed an increase in soil fertility by elevated levels of C-organic from 0.66 % to 3.28 %, N-fixing bacteria from 27 x 10 5 CFU ml-1 to 47 x10 6 CFU ml-1 and phosphate solubilizing bacteria from 20 x10 3 CFU ml-1 to 90 x10 3 CFU ml-1. The shallot bulb yield increased from 4.79 t ha-1 to 11.74 t ha-1 .
<p>Krisan merupakan salah satu jenis bunga potong yang banyak diminati pasar dan konsumen. Permintaan produk tersebut dari tahun ke tahun terus meningkat dan tahun 2012 produksinya mencapai 384.215.341 tangkai. Peningkatan tersebut ternyata juga dipengaruhi oleh adanya perubahan preferensi pasar dan konsumen terhadap produk krisan yang dihasilkan oleh petani dan pengusaha. Untuk mengetahui perubahan preferensi konsumen terhadap produk krisan dilakukan penelitian preferensi pasar dan konsumen terhadap krisan bunga potong dan pot. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui preferensi pasar dan konsumen terhadap bunga krisan potong dan pot. Penelitian dilakukan di DKI Jakarta pada bulan Januari – Desember 2010. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode survei. Jenis data yang dikumpulkan adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Responden dipilih secara sengaja sebanyak 20 floris dan dekorator sebagai konsumen antara untuk bunga potong dan 40 konsumen rumah tangga untuk bunga pot di DKI Jakarta. Data dianalisis secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa yang menjadi pertimbangan utama konsumen floris dekorator dalam pembelian bunga potong krisan adalah jenis bunga, kemudian baru warna bunga, ukuran bunga, bentuk bunga, ketegaran tangkai bunga, ketahanan bunga, dan terakhir baru harga. Berbeda untuk krisan pot, yang menjadi pertimbangan utama konsumen dalam membeli bunga adalah selain warna, juga bentuk bunga, vaselife, ukuran bunga, ketegaran tangkai bunga, dan harga. Krisan potong jenis standar, warna putih, bentuk double, ukuran besar (6–8 cm) untuk standar dan ukuran kecil (2 cm) untuk tipe spray, daya simpan 5–7 hari, tegar, harga Rp1.200,00–Rp1.500,00 per tangkai untuk standar dan Rp1.000,00–Rp1.200,00 per tangkai untuk jenis spray merupakan krisan yang disukai/diminati oleh floris. Untuk krisan pot, jenis standar, warna putih, bentuk double, ukuran sedang (4 cm), daya simpan lebih dari 7 hari, tegar, harga kurang dari Rp15.000,00 per ikat merupakan krisan yang sangat disukai konsumen. Hasil studi preferensi ini selanjutnya dapat dijadikan dasar oleh petani, pengusaha, dan pemulia untuk menghasilkan produk-produk yang sesuai dengan permintaan pasar dan konsumen. </p>
Indonesian chili faces some problems in increasing production, added value, and competitiveness of chili products, mainly in terms of quantity, quality, and continuity. The objectives of this study are (1) to analyze the private and social profitability of chili farming, (2) to analyze the chili competitiveness from both competitive and comparative advantage perspectives, (3) to examine government policy impact on chili performance, and (4) to formulate strategies to encourage chili development in Indonesia. The results of the policy analysis matrix revealed that chili farming in Indonesia’s production centers is profitable, both privately and socially. It also has competitiveness, both competitive and comparative advantages. The highest competitiveness occurs in Bandung district, West Java, with a coefficient of private cost ratio (PCR) of 0.416 and a domestic resource cost ratio (DRCR) of 0.269. Meanwhile, the lowest competitiveness occurs in Tabalong district, South Kalimantan, with a PCR coefficient of 0.857 and a DRCR of 0.556. This study also concluded that for Indonesia, it is more profitable to increase domestic chili production than importing from abroad. Strategic policies for chili development can be implemented by using hybrid seeds, complete and balanced fertilization, improving irrigation infrastructure and farming roads, increasing the capacity of farmers’ resources, and expanding the objectives and market segments.
The study aimed to obtain the type of mulch and the doses of liquid organic fertilizer proper waste coconut husks in modifying microclimate around crops to obtain the maximum yield of shallot in the dryland. The research was used a factorial randomized complete block design consisting of two factors. The first factor consisting mulches, M1 = silver-black plastic mulch and M2 = straw mulch. The dose of liquid organic fertilizer from coconut husks was the second factor. It is consisting of S0 = without fertilizer, S1 = 500 L ha-1, S2 = 750 L ha-1 and S3 = 1000 L ha-1. The results showed that the application of a combination of mulch and liquid organic fertilizer coconut husk waste significantly affected plant height, number of leaves per plant, number of tillers, and the bulb yield. Straw mulch with coconut husks waste dose of 1000 L ha-1 resulted in plant height, number of leaves per plant, number of tillers and highest bulb yield compared with other treatments. The highest bulb yield was obtained with 9.63 t ha-1.
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