This paper provides a conceptual framework for studying the influence of Electronic Human Resource Management practices and information technology capability on organisational performance. This paper aims to increase our understanding of the organisational performance as the phenomenon focus on that is considered the dependent variable, the e-HRM practices are the independent variables, and IT capability is the moderating variable. Such conceptual framework can provide guidance for future research to help in the identification, realisation and assessment of e-HRM implementation benefits. Special focus is put on organisational performance. Moreover, this conceptual framework complements and continues former literature and presents a new delineated framework for considering research on e-HRM practices influence on organisational performance. This conceptual framework will be our empirical study in the future, which will contribute to HRM literature and determines the potency of e-HRM and its effect on organisational performance.
This study aims to (1) formulate and describe the BSC strategy map under the company’s vision, mission, and strategy, (2) formulate the design of performance measurement system based on the BSC concept (3) measure the performance that has been achieved with BSC approach and analyze the results. The lag of indicators used by PP. Kecap Maja Menjangan is a net profit/loss margin and sales growth rate and a level of customer satisfaction index regarding the quality, price, and reputation of the product from the customer perspective. The internal business process is measured through revenue per cost (R/C) growth and the proportion of new product revenue to TR, while the level of employee satisfaction is measured through initiatives, risk tolerance, direction, integration, supervision, identity and motivation, and reward system as the lag indicator for learning and growth. The final score of 72,91 percent indicates the good overall performance of the company (although not optimal). The company performed well on all three non-financial perspectives marked by achievements above 75 percent. While the achievement of a financial perspective that showed below average results in this research period indicates the influence of external factors outside the analysis (such as the increase in the price of raw materials and fuel) that indirectly affect financial performance. Implementation of BSC plan on PP. Kecap Maja Menjangan could be done with the following stages: (1) Review of BSC design, (2) communicate the design and setting individual objectives, (3) strengthen the annual plan and budget, and (4) conduct monthly evaluations. The failure and success of BSC implementation should be viewed positively
As a result of globalisation, destination marketing has become essential as cities, states, regions and countries compete with one another to attract huge investment and tourists (Baker & Cameron, 2008). In order for these destinations to compete effectively, it is essential to explore how natural disasters may have impacted the destination. Basic utilities such as water resources could have been impacted by natural disasters. To date, little is known on the impact of natural disasters on the water supply which may directly and indirectly affect the image of a destination. Information on the characteristics of natural disasters, namely floods and drought, (i.e., the time duration, location and the severity) based on the individual destination are also not known. Hence, the main objective of this study is to understand the economic and socio-economic aspects of natural disasters on water supply. To fulfill the research gap, a qualitative study was performed. Specifically, two focus group discussions were executed on household representatives of the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur in regard to natural disasters like floods and droughts. Based on the research findings, there is no issue of water supply associated with the flood crisis. However, there are mix opinions on the correlation of droughts and the water supply, with majority believing that there is no correlation between droughts and water supply in the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur. The findings of this qualitative study may serve as the foundation for a quantitative study (i.e., developing sets of questionnaires), and may contribute for policymakers and water utility providers in comprehending the issues and taking precautions prior to the occurrence of natural disasters.
Even prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, marketing for online conservation was increasingly used by conservationists to appeal for funds from businesses and to improve public awareness on the need to reduce the loss of biodiversity. Yet, uncertainty remains in the academic literature about the effectiveness of online conservation marketing. Given that the potential impact of online conservation marketing in the corporate sector is evident (i.e., with a clear reduction in management and maintenance costs, and an increase fund collection), knowledge of online conservation marketing is important for building and maintaining a conservation group -to-business relationship. This study serves as an exploratory inquiry and aims to understand whether Environmental Education Centers (EECs) in Malaysia use electronic platforms for conservation marketing purposes. Based on an extensive literature search on conservation marketing and a search for EEC background information, from 2015 to 2020 many EECs in Malaysia have either used, or are using (i.e., WWF Malaysia) or will soon be using (i.e., Taman Hidupan Liar Gua Musang) online conservation marketing as one of their marketing strategies. The findings hold true even for the EECs with poor Internet connections (i.e., National Elephant Conservation Centre Kuala Gandah). This exploratory study underscores the need for more research in this area, especially with regard to the effectiveness of online conservation marketing among EECs since many of the EECs are situated in locations with poor Internet connectivity. Without an understanding of electronic marketing strategy used by the EECs, the conservationists’ role will likely be limited to that of conservation research, improving the standards of animal welfare and describing the loss of biodiversity.
With limited funding, conservationists are far from able to assist all threatened species. Even though online marketing has been increasingly used by conservationists to raise funds and awareness on the need to reduce biodiversity loss, the major issue is reaching the target audience and influencing their behaviour, especially if the target audience is a profit-making entity. To date, a comprehensive theoretical investigation on online conservation marketing pertaining business expectation, preferences, experience and satisfaction is still in its infancy and remains unanswered. Therefore, to fulfil this gap, this qualitative study is executed, in which 19 in-depth interviews was adopted until data saturation is achieved. The participants are those who worked in relationship marketing field and have experienced online conservation marketing activities. The study explores and profiles the experiences and satisfaction of businesses based on their previous online conservation marketing and the expectation and preferences of businesses for future online conservation marketing. Based on the research findings, even before the first Covid-19 outbreak in Malaysia, many businesses in the country were involved in at least one online conservation marketing strategy with an Environmental Education Centre (EEC) and many were satisfied with the EEC online marketing strategies and services. However, most businesses have less expectations and low preferences towards the future online conservation marketing by the EEC. This study assists conservation organisations in retaining the financial support from businesses and enhancing public conservation awareness through businesses. This study is aligned with Malaysia National Key Economic Areas (NKEA) no 4, under Entry Point Project 4 (EPP 4) and also NKEA no 6, under EPP 12.
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