Introduction: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is the most found head and neck cancer, which originated from a nasopharyngeal epithelial cell, and predilection site commonly at rosen muller fossa. S100 protein inflammatory mediators are involved in the regulation of cellular processes including inflammation and malignancy. S100 protein plays a central role in the proliferation, regulation of cell apoptosis and metastasis causing continuing growth of cancer cells through activation of STAT3 by IL-6, NF-κB, ROS. Objective: This study aimed to determine the correlation between S100 protein expression levels to the clinical stage of NPC WHO type III. Method: This research is a cross-sectional analytic study. This study was held in the Anatomical Pathology Department of Hasan Sadikin Hospital from August until October 2015. The study was conducted using 29 pieces of secondary data, medical records and paraffin blocks anatomical pathology of NPC patients were examined S100 protein immunohistochemistry. Result: This study was performed from 29 subjects (18 males and 9 females). There was a strong positive correlation between histoscore S100 protein expression with clinical staging p<0.05. There is a significant correlation between S100 protein expression with the clinical stage of NPC WHO type III using double regression analysis (F=15.676, p=0.000). Conclusion: There were significant correlation S100 protein expression levels to clinical stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma WHO type III.

AbstrakDeviasi septum merupakan keadaan yang sering terjadi, bervariasi dari ringan yang tidak mengganggu sehingga deviasi septum berat yang dapat menyebabkan obstruksi hidung. Diagnosis obstruksi hidung sangat kompleks dan bervariasi, selain berdasarkan anamnesis dan pemeriksaan fisis juga diperlukan pemeriksaan penunjang untuk pengukuran obstruksi hidung. Skor obstruksi hidung dengan menggunakan visual analogue scale (VAS) merupakan salah satu parameter untuk menilai obstruksi hidung secara subjektif, sedangkan secara objektif dengan peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF Correlation between Visual Anologue Scale (VAS) and Peak Nasal Inspiratory Flow (PNIF) Before and After Septoplasty AbstractSeptal deviation is a frequently found state that varies from minor without interferences to severe cases of septal deviation that can cause nasal obstruction. Diagnosis of nasal obstruction is very complex and varies based on the anamnesis and physical examination due to the fact that it also requires supports from nasal obstruction measurement results. Nasal obstruction severity is defined by using scores. Visual analogue scale (VAS) is one of the parameters used for assessing nasal obstruction subjectively while peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF) is used for objective assessment. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between VAS and PNIF before and after septoplasty. This was a quasiexperimental study with pre-and post-test design. Sampling was performed using consecutive sampling method. Sample was taken from patients who visited ORL-HNS clinic of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in May 2013-June 2014 according to the inclusion criteria . The results showed that septoplasty improved the clinical symptoms in patients with septum deviation, increase PNIF score, and decrease VAS score after one month. In conclusions, there is a correlation between VAS and PNIF before and after septoplasty. [MKB. 2015;47(3):186-91]

AbstrakNilai indeks pertumbuhan vertikal wajah (VERT) menggambarkan pertumbuhan kraniofasial. Nilai ini berdampak pada pertumbuhan tuba eustakius. Perbedaan morfologi kraniofasial berkorelasi dengan fungsi dan anatomi tuba eustakius serta otot tensor veli palatini yang berperan pada patogenesis otitis media kronik (OMK). Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh nilai indeks pertumbuhan vertikal wajah (VERT) dan sefalometri terhadap kejadian OMK yang merupakan penelitian kasus-kontrol dengan subjek yang berobat jalan di poliklinik Telinga Hidung Tenggorok-Bedah Kepala Leher (THT-KL) Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung selama bulan September-November 2013. Dilakukan pengukuran sefalometri dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok penderita OMK dan kontrol, perbedaan nilai rata-rata keduanya dihitung dengan uji-t atau Uji Mann-Whitney, kemudian dihitung indeks VERT rata-rata, dan hubungan antara kedua variabel dianalisis dengan Rasio Odds. Terdapat 4 dari 7 subjek kelompok kasus merupakan tipe wajah bulat pendek/brakifasial dengan sudut kedalaman wajah lebih besar (t = 3,408; p=0,005) dan sudut bidang mandibula lebih kecil (t= -4,055; p= 0,002). Association between Vertical Growth Index and Chronic Otitis Media Incident in Adult Deutero Malays AbstractVertical growth index (VERT) describes craniofacial growth. This value affects the eustachian tube growth. Differences in craniofacial morphology correlates with eustachian tube anatomy function and tensor veli palatini muscles that play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic otitis media (COM). This study aimed to determine the effect of vertical growth index (VERT) and cephalometry on COM incident. The design was case-control with subjects from the outpatient clinic of otolaryngology head and neck surgery, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital during the period of September to November 2013. Subjects were divided into two groups: COM group and control group. Cephalometric measurements were performed and the mean values difference of both groups were calculated using t test or Mann-Whitney test. The mean index VERT was then calculated for each groups and relationship between risk factors and effects were analyzed using Odds Ratio. Four of 7 subjects in the COM group have a short round face/brachifacial type with greater facial depth angle (t=3.408, p=0.005) with smaller mandibular plane angle are (t = -4.055, p=0.002). Subjects with VERT index > +0.5 (brachyfacial type) have eight times higher risk to be COM (OR: 8; 95% CI: 0.41 to 309.1). In conclusion, the VERT index has an association with COM incident in adult Deutero Malays. [MKB. 2014;46(3):168-77]

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Background: Non-powder firearm is a weapon which used compressed air or CO2 gas to propel lead or steel ball pellets. Trauma caused by non-powder firearm has the potential for significant morbidity and mortality. Head and neck wounds account for 13.8%-30% of all non-powder firearm injuries. Bullets from gunshots often nest in the parapharyngeal space. Purpose: To present a case of non-powder firearm trauma in parapharyngeal space and its management. Case Report: A 13 years-old boy came with non-powder firearm trauma on the left cheek and bleeding from the left nostril. Upon physical examination there was a vulnus sclopetorum sized 0.5x0.5 cm without active bleeding in the left zygoma area. Three dimensional CTscan showed a hyperdense metal lesion in the left parapharyngeal space with 42.6 cm distance from penetrating site to the bullet location. The bullet was then extracted with transparotid approach surgery guided by C-arm imaging. Clinical Question: How is the management of trauma from a non-powder gunshot in the parapharyngeal space? Review method: Literature search through Pubmed, Cochrane Library, and Wiley using non-powder firearm injury in parapharyngeal space and its management as keywords. Result: The search obtained 11 articles. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, one article was found relevant with the topic i.e. one case report of non-powder firearm injury in parapharyngeal space and its surgical management. Conclusion: The safe procedure for retrieving bullets from the parapharyngeal space is in the form of surgery with the help of C-arm imaging to pinpoint the bullet’s location and to prevent further complication.Keywords: non-powder firearm, gunshot injury, parapharynx space, C-armABSTRAKLatar belakang: Senapan angin merupakan senjata yang menggunakan tenaga penggerak berjenis gas CO2 untuk melontarkan peluru. Trauma akibat senapan angin dapat berpotensi fatal. Sebanyak 13,8-30% luka tembak senapan angin terjadi pada daerah kepala dan leher. Salah satu ruang leher yang kerap menjadi tempat bersarangnya peluru adalah ruang parafaring. Tujuan: Melaporkan kasus dan penanganan trauma tembak senapan angin pada parafaring. Laporan kasus: Anak laki-laki berusia 13 tahun dengan riwayat tertembak senapan angin di pipi kiri dan perdarahan dari hidung kiri. Pada pemeriksaan fisis didapatkan vulnus sklopetorum berukuran 0,5 x 0,5 cm tanpa perdarahan aktif di area zigoma kiri. Hasil CT scan 3D didapatkan lesi hiperdens dengan densitas metal pada parafaring kiri, berjarak 42,6 mm dari luka. Benda asing peluru kemudian diekstraksi melalui tindakan operatif menggunakan pendekatan transparotid dengan bantuan C-Arm. Pertanyaan klinis: Bagaimana penatalaksanaan trauma tembak senapan angin pada ruang parafaring? Telaah literatur: Penelusuran literatur melalui Pubmed, Cochrane Library, dan Wiley menggunakan kata kunci luka tembak senapan angin pada ruang parafaring dan penatalaksanaannya. Ditemukan 11 artikel, dan pemilihan artikel berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, terdapat satu penelitian yang relevan. Hasil: Didapat satu laporan kasus tentang luka tembak senapan angin di ruang parafaring dengan tindakan bedah sebagai penanganannya. Kesimpulan: Tatalaksana pengambilan peluru yang aman adalah dengan pendekatan pembedahan dengan bantuan C-Arm untuk mencegah komplikasi lebih lanjut.Kata kunci: senapan angin, luka tembak, trauma, ruang parapfaring, C-arm

No abstract

Latar belakang: Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma (NXG) merupakan suatu penyakit yang langka, kronis, dan progresif. NXG ditandai dengan lesi kulit ulseratif pada daerah indurasi, dan berwarna kuning, atau berupa nodul yang mengenai sel histiosit non Langerhans. Daerah predileksi tersering ialah pada wajah, orbita, dan ekstremitas. Etiologi belum diketahui, tetapi sering dikaitkan dengan monoclonal gammopathy. Gambaran histopatologi NXG yaitu ditemukan makrofag dan terdapat sel busa pada dermis, jaringan subkutan, nekrobiosis luas, sel datia Touton, dan folikel limfoid. Penderita memiliki lesi yang bersifat asimtomatik, parestesi, rasa terbakar, dan terkadang timbul rasa nyeri. Tata laksana NXG sampai saat ini masih sangat bervariasi. Tujuan: Memaparkan hasil penatalaksanaan dua pasien NXG. Laporan kasus: Dilaporkan pasien pertama, laki-laki 44 tahun dengan lesi pada kedua pipi dan dahi sejak 5 bulan sebelumnya. Terapi diberikan metilprednisolon dengan dosis 0,8 mg/kgBB tappering off selama 1 bulan dengan hasil perbaikan. Pasien kedua, wanita 29 tahun dengan lesi pada kedua pipi dan telinga sejak 5 bulan sebelumnya. Terapi diberikan siklofosfamid 750 mg/m2 per 3 minggu dengan hasil membaik. Metode: Pencarian dilakukan melalui PubMed dan Dermatol. Setelah menyaring judul dan abstrak yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, didapatkan lima artikel utuh. Kemudian, tiga artikel terpilih untuk ditelaah secara konsensus, meliputi kesahihan (validity), kepentingan (importancy), dan aplikabilitas (applicability) pada pasien necrobiotic xanthogranuloma. Hasil: Telaah artikel-artikel tersebut menunjukkan bahwa semua artikel memiliki karakteristik yang serupa dalam hal kesahihan (validity), hasil atau kesimpulannya. Walau demikian, ada beberapa kekuatan dan kelemahan pada masing-masing artikel. Kesimpulan: Penatalaksanaan NXG masih diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan jumlah sampel yang banyak untuk mengetahui keefektifitasan penatalaksanaan NXG.Kata kunci: Siklofosfamid, metilprednisolon, necrobiotic xanthogranulomaABSTRACT Background: Necrobiotic Xanthogranuloma (NXG) is a rare, chronic, and progressive disease that provokes skin lesions, such as damage of the histiocytes of non-Langerhans cell, skin lesions (yellowish or noduled ulcerative lesions) in the induration skin. The most common predilection areas of this are on the face, orbital, and extremities. The etiology is still unknown, but sometimes associates with monoclonal gammopathy. NXG histopathologic contained macrophages and foam cells in the dermis, subcutaneous tissue, extensive necrobiosis, touton giant cells, and lymphoid follicles. Some patients who had lesions are asymptomatic, sometimes they will feel paresthesias, burning pain. Nowadays, this management is still vary widely. Objective: Sets forth the results of two patients NXG. Case: There were two patients. Patient number one, a 44-years-old man, with some lesions on both cheeks and forehead since 5 months ago. He was treated with methylprednisolon 0.8 mg/kg body weight, and tappered off for a month with improved results. Patient number two, a 29-years-old woman, with some lesions on both cheeks and ears since 5 months ago. She was treated with Cyclosphosphamide 750 mg/m2 with improved results within three weeks. Method: Searching for literature was conducted in PubMed and Dermatol. After screening titles and abstracts with inclusion and exclusion criteria, five articles were available as full texts. Three articles were selected to be reviewed for their validity, importancy and applicability in patient with necrobiotic xanthogranuloma. Results: The review showed that all those articles had a similar characteristic in validity, result, and conclusion. Nevertheless, each articles had its own strong points and weaknesses. Conclusion: NXG treatment still required further research by the number of samples that much to find out the efficiency management NXG.Keywords: Cyclophosphamide, methylprednisolon, necrobiotic xanthogranuloma

Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) is one of the most common head and neck malignant neoplasms worldwide. Laboratory profile is rarely evaluated in Indonesia as a prognostic consideration. The aim of this research is to describe the laboratory profile of NPC patients. This is descriptive research using a total sampling method from 2016-to 2020. The general characteristics and laboratory profiles are collected from Nasopharyngeal Cancer Registry. The data collected will be presented in tables as frequency and percentages. More than half of the participants were male (68.27%), aged more than 45 years old (65.38%). The majority of the subjects reported a KPS of more than 80 (84.94%). Most of the participants showed WHO type III (47.57%). Bone (42.22%) was the most common metastases site. Normal hemoglobin (57.14%), leukocyte (57.99%), thrombocyte (91.36%), ALP (81.82%), AST (89.66%), ALT (61.26%), direct bilirubin (76.00%), indirect bilirubin (63.30%), total bilirubin (86.60%) and urea (84.10%) levels were found in most of our subjects. Calcium <8.6 mg/dL (92.21%) and creatinine >1.5 mg/dL (69.2%) were observed in most cases. This study indicated a worse prognosis by anemia, leukocytosis, and a high De Ritis ratio. In comparison, a better prognosis is predicted by low ALP levels, high calcium, direct bilirubin, and total bilirubin. In addition, pretreatment laboratory profiles should be assessed to predict the prognosis of patients with NPC.