Antimalarial activity study of organotin(IV) derivatives with nitrobenzoic acid derivatives used as ligands has been performed. The targeted compounds were prepared from their organotin(IV) chlorides via dibutyltin(IV) oxide, diphenyltin(IV) dihydroxide, and triphenyltin(IV) hydroxide intermediate products, followed by reacting the intermediate products with 2-nitrobenzoic acid. The antimalarial activity was performed against P. falciparum. The results showed that the IC50values of dibutyiltin(IV) di-2-nitrobenzoate, diphenyltin(IV) di-2-nitrobenzoate, and triphenyltin(IV) 2-nitrobenzoate were in 8.4 × 10‑3, 5.3 × 10–2, and 9.1 × 10–3 µg/ml, respectively. The IC50 values were slightly higher than the value for chloroquine (2 × 10–3 µg/ml) used as the positive control; however, one advantage is that all prepared organotin(IV) compounds were not resistant to Plasmodium, making the use of organotin(IV) as an antimalarial is possible. The results indicated that the derivative of triphenyltin(IV) was more potent when used as an antimalarial, as expected, and has potential to be developed as an antimalarial drug in the future.
A new 2-arylbenzofuran, sesbagrandiflorain C (1), together with four known compounds, 2-(3,4dihydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl)-4-hydroxy-6-methoxybenzofuran-3-carbaldehyde (2), 2-(4hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl)-5,6-dimethoxybenzofuran-3-carboxaldehyde (3), sesbagrandiflorain A (4) and sesbagrandiflorain B (5), have been isolated from the stem bark of an Indonesian plant, Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers. The chemical structure of compound 1 was elucidated by UV, IR, MS, and NMR spectroscopic techniques. The proton and carbon NMR resonances of 1 were also compared with the predicted chemical shifts obtained from DFT quantum mechanical calculations with Gaussian. None of the compounds showed antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus in an agar diffusion assay. However, sesbagrandiflorains A (4) and B (5) exhibited moderate activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. In addition, compounds 1 -5 have moderate cytotoxicity against HeLa, HepG2, and MCF-7 cancer cell lines.
Native to tropical Asia, Sesbania grandiflora (L.), Pers is a member of the Fabaceae family of flowering plants. All parts of S. grandiflora are used in traditional medicine and phytochemical investigations have been conducted on extracts of the leaves, seeds and roots of S. grandiflora to provide scientific validation of its properties. However, to date, no study has determined the phytochemical constituents of S. grandiflora stem bark. The stem bark powdered of S. grandiflora was extracted exhaustively with n-hexane, EtOAc and 90% aqueous MeOH sequentially. In this study, we successfully isolated two new 2-arylbenzofurans, sesbagrandiflorain A and B, from the EtOAc stem bark of S. grandiflora. The structure elucidation of these compounds was determined by using one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance, ultraviolet and infrared spectroscopy and electrospray ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The finding expands the understanding of the natural constituents of the Fabaceae and, in particular, the Papilionoideae genera.
This paper presents antimalarial activity of several triphenyltin(IV) aminobenzoate compounds synthesized from the reaction of triphenyltin(IV) hydroxide with 2-, 3-, and 4-aminobenzoic acid. The activity of the compounds as anti-malaria agents was evaluated using Plasmodium falciparum, and demonstrated that the compounds have about the same IC50 with that of chloroquine (2×10−3 μg/mL) applied as the positive control. The result also showed that the Plasmodium is non-resistent to the compounds synthesized, which is the opposite to chloroquine.
<p>Dua buah senyawa organotimah(IV) yaitu berupa senyawa trifeniltimah(IV) 4-nitrobenzoat (<strong>2</strong>) dan difeniltimah(IV) di-4-nitrobenzoat (<strong>4</strong>) telah berhasil disintesis melalui reaksi antara senyawa trifeniltimah(IV) hidroksida (<strong>1</strong>) dan difeniltimah(IV) oksida (<strong>3</strong>) dengan ligan asam 4-nitrobenzoat (HNBA). Senyawa hasil sintesis dikarakterisasi dengan menggunakan spektrofotomer IR, spektrofotomer UV, spektrometer NMR dan <em>microelemental analyzer</em> untuk melihat kemurnian senyawa<em>. </em>Aktivitas biologis senyawa turunan organtotimah(IV) 4-nitrobenzoat telah diuji terhadap bakteri Gram positif <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> dan Gram negatif <em>Escherichia coli</em>. Hasil uji dengan metode difusi agar menunjukkan senyawa <strong>2</strong> pada konsentrasi 200 ppm (3,87 × 10<sup>-4 </sup>M) memberikan penghambatan yang lebih efektif dibandingkan senyawa <strong>4, </strong>senyawa awal<strong> 1 </strong>dan<strong> 3 </strong>serta ligan HNBA.</p><p><strong>Synthesis, Characterization, and Antibacterial Activity Test of Organotin(IV) 4-nitrobenzoate.</strong> Two organotin(IV) compounds, namely triphenyltin(IV) 4-nitrobenzoate (<strong>2</strong>) and diphenyltin(IV) di-4-nitrobenzoate (<strong>4</strong>) compounds have been successfully synthesized through a reaction between triphenyltin(IV) hydroxide (<strong>1</strong>) and diphenyltin(IV) oxide (<strong>3</strong>) with 4-nitrobenzoic acid (HNBA) The synthesized compounds were characterized using IR, UV, NMR spectrometer, and a microelemental analyzer to check the compound purity. The biological activity of the organotin(IV) 4-nitrobenzoate derivative was tested against Gram-positive bacteria <em>S. aureus</em> and Gram-negative bacteria <em>E. coli</em>. The test results with the agar diffusion method showed that compound <strong>2</strong> at a concentration of 200 ppm (3.87 x 10<sup>-4</sup> M) provide more effective inhibition than compound <strong>4</strong>, the starting materials<strong> 1 </strong>and<strong> 3</strong>, and<strong> </strong>the ligand HNBA.</p>
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