AbstrakIndonesia adalah negara dengan jumlah penderita tuberkulosis (TB) terbanyak kedua di dunia. Diabetes melitus (DM) merupakan salah satu komorbid TB. Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) adalah enzim yang berfungsi memetabolisir isoniazid (INH) yang disandi oleh gen NAT2. Gen NAT2 memiliki sejumlah polimorfisme dan dapat menentukan kemampuan seseorang untuk memetabolisir obat yang disebut status asetilator. Pada individu dengan status asetilator lambat, INH dimetabolisir dengan lambat sehingga memungkinkan terjadi intoksikasi hati. Pada TB dengan DM (TBDM) status asetilator lambat dapat membuat pengobatan TB maupun DM menjadi kurang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi status asetilator pasien TBDM di RSUD Prof. WZ Johannes Kupang periode Juni-November 2011. Pada penelitian potong lintang ini DNA dari darah 122 pasien TB diisolasi dan gen NAT2 kemudian diamplifikasi dan disekuensing untuk diketahui status asetilatornya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 5 pasien yang memiliki glukosa serum >200 mg/dL yang dikategorikan sebagai pasien TBDM. Pada pasien TBDM didapatkan seorang dengan status asetilator cepat
Ascariasis remains to be one of the health problems in Indonesia. The synthetic antihelminthic drugs that are used to treat ascariasis have some side effects and teratogenic effect. Thus, other substances are required to be the alternative treatment. The in vitro experimental research was conducted to determine the antihelminthic effect and LC50 of black seeds (Nigella sativa) ethanolic extract against Ascarissuum. Ten Ascaris suum were soaked in each ethanolic extract of black seed with concentration of 0,5%, 1%, 2%, 4%, and 8%. NaCl 0,9% solution was used as negative control. The amount of dead A. suum was calculated every 12 hours for 48 hours. The procedure was conducted in 3 times replication. The data collected was analyzed using FisherExact test and Probit analysis. The statistical analysis results (p<0,05) indicated that antihelminthic effect was found after 48 hours of observation on the extract concentration of 0,5%, 1%, and 2%, and after 12 hours on the extract concentration of 4% and 8%. LC50 of black seeds ethanolic extract (N. sativa) against A, suum was 1,693% (95% CL= 1,210% -2,325%). In conclusion, the black seeds (N. sativa) ethanolic extract had antihelminthic effect against A. suum. The black seeds ethanolic extract had LC50 at concentration of 1,693%.
Background: Wound caused by trauma poses challenging daily clinical problems for physicians in hospitals and other health services. It has high risk for mortality and morbidity. Binahong [Anredera Cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis] plant originates from China and can be found abundantly in Indonesia. The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of topical application of Binahong leaf paste on wound healing process.
Background: Spatial memory reduction in elderly is predicted to increase up to twice every 20 years. Spinach (Amaranthus hybridus) is widely consumed by Indonesian people and is believed to prevent declined spatial memory function. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of spinach on spatial memory in wistar rat induced by diazepam Methods: An experimental study was conducted during the period of October to November 2012 in Pharmacology and Therapy Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran. Twenty five wistar rats were divided into 5 groups; two groups as controls, and 3 groups were given 100, 200, and 400mg/kg BW ethanolic extract of spinach (EESL), respectively. On day 7, group 3, 4, and 5 were given 1 mg/kg BW diazepam injection. Morris water maze tests and calculations of escape latency time (ELT) were performed on day 7 and 8. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and least significance difference (LSD) test. Results: On day 7, group 2 experienced acceleration in ELT compared to group 4 and group 5. On day 8, group 2 experienced acceleration in ELT compared to group 3 and group 4. There was no significant increase in spatial memory in group 5 (EESL 400mg/kg BW) that due to the use of higher dosage does not always show better results. Conclusions: EESL can prevent impairment of spatial memory with an effective dose of 200 mg/kg BW.
The benefits of Tai Chi and Wai Tan Kung exercises on cardiopulmonary endurance and body composition have become a controversial issue. The survey analytical computational study was performed to investigate the differences in cardiopulmonary endurance and body composition among elderly members of Tai Chi, Wai Tan Kung, and elderly sedentary. The study involved 10 elderly members of Tai Chi, 10 elderly members of Wai Tan Kung, and 10 elderly sedentary. The Astrand-Rhyming’s step test was conducted to measure the cardiopulmonary endurance. While the measurement of body composition (body fat percentage) was done using a skinfold caliper. The data were analyzed with an unpaired t-test(p<0.05). The results of the study indicated that cardiopulmonary endurance (VO2 max) and body composition (body fat percentage) of Tai Chi elderly members were the best of both Wai Tan Kung elderly members and of elderly sedentary; while cardiopulmonary endurance and body composition of Wai Tan Kung elderly members were better than those of elderly sedentary.
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