Abstract. Diet of high lipids cause hyperlipidemia, which marked by an increase of total cholesterols, triglycerides, LDL-C, and decreasing of HDL-C. Hyperlipidemia lead the occurrence of atherosclerosis, one of factors that trigger cardiovascular disease, as hypertention; coronary heart and stroke. Parijoto (M. speciosa) is endemic plants in Asia with a distribution center in Malaysia, Indonesia and Philippines. Parijoto contain phytochemical components such as flavonoids, saponins and kardenolin. Flavonoid potensial as an antioxidants and can improve the hyperlipidemia condition. This study was aimed to determine lipid profiles and atherogenic index of hyperlipidemic Wistar rats (R. norvegicus Berkenhout, 1769) which given the methanolic extract of Parijoto (M. speciosa). The research was done with pre and post test randomized control group design. Rats were given a mixture of duck yolk and reused cooking oil (1:1) orally as much as 1% of body weight (BW) for 30 days. After hyperlipidemia achieved, rats were divided into 5 group: normal rats, hyperlipidemic rats, hyperlipidemic rats were given the methanolic extract of Parijoto (M. speciosa) 500 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg, and 1500 mg/kg BW. Blood samples were collected when rats in hyperlipidemia conditions and after treatment with the methanolic extract of Parijoto (M. speciosa) for 30 days. The data of total cholesterol, HDLCholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol level, and atherogenic index were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Tukey test at 5% significance level. The result showed that giving of methanolic extract of Parijoto (M. speciosa) in hyperlipidemic rats reduced the total cholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol levels, and increased of HDL-cholesterol levels significantly (p<0.01), so atherogenic index reduced significantly too (p<0.01). Total cholesterol and LDL-Cholesterol levels were positively correlated with the atherogenic index, whereas HDL-cholesterol levels were negatively correlated with the atherogenic index.

No abstract

No abstract

Sponges (Porifera) are benthic sessile animals that have an important role in coastal ecosystems. Mangrove habitat is an example of a coastal ecosystem that can be inhabited by sponges. Research diversity on shallow water sponges in mangrove areas in Indonesia or even large scale such as the Indo-Pacific area are still relatively underestimated because of an extreme difference tidal factors. For this reason, we aimed to research a diversity of shallow water sponges in mangrove Indonesia, especially in  East Java Province to enrich and inform additional data on its biodiversity. Research on shallow water sponges in mangrove was conducted from June 2017 to January 2018 at two stations located on the coast of Labuhan Village, Sepulu District, Bangkalan Regency, Madura - East Java. Mangrove areas are consisted of Sonneratiaarea in the west (B) and Rhizophoramangroves in the east (R). There were six sponge genera identified, namely Spongia, Dysisdea, Lendelfedia, Dactylospongia, Cynachyrellaand one unidentified genus. Sonneratiamangrove was inhabited by of five genera sponges, whereas Rhizoporamangrove was inhabited only by one genus

Abstract. Sa’adah NN, Indiani AM, Nurhayati APD, Ashuri NM. 2019. Anthocyanins content of methanol extract of parijoto (Medinilla speciosa) and its effect on serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level of hyperlipidemic rat. Nusantara Bioscience 11: 112-118. Parijoto (Medinilla speciosa) is an endemic plant in Indonesia that its fruit have a purplish red color, which indicated that parijoto fruits contain anthocyanins, pigments of the flavonoid class that responsible for the red, blue and purple coloration of many flowers and fruits. This study was aimed to determine the total yield of extract and anthocyanins content of methanol extract of parijoto (Medinilla speciosa) pericarp and whole fruit and the effect of parijoto whole fruit extract on serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level of the hyperlipidemic rats. Extraction of parijoto fruit and pericarp were carried out by the maceration method with methanol as a solvent. Determination of the total anthocyanin was done by pH difference method. MDA serum levels were done in a pre-test and post-test Randomized controlled group design was used in this study. Rats were divided into five groups: normal rats, hyperlipidemic rats, hyperlipidemic rats treated with methanol extract of parijoto (500 mg · kg ˗1, 1000 mg · kg ˗1, and 1500 mg · kg˗1 body weight). Blood was collected at hyperlipidemia state and after treatment of methanol extract of parijoto for determination of MDA level in blood serum. The results showed that the total yield of parijoto pericarp extract and the whole fruits were 11.46 g (3.18% ) and 9.02 g (2.88%) respectively. Anthocyanins content of parijoto pericarp and whole fruit extracts  were 208.75 mg · L-1 and 173.7 mg · L-1. Administration of methanol extract of whole fruit parijoto  in hyperlipidemic rats reduced serum MDA levels significantly (p < 0.01), from 14.88 nmol · mL-1 to 8.63 nmol · mL-1.

Kecamatan Bulak merupakan perkampungan nelayan di Surabaya yang padat penduduk dengan kondisi sanitasinya kurang begitu baik. Sejak tahun 2017, ITS bekerjasama dengan National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (NTUST) membantu penyediaan sanitasi. Permasalahan yang terjadi di Bulak saat ini adalah penumpukan kulit kerang dan limbah pengasapan ikan yang belum dikelola. Kerang memiliki kandungan fosfat dan mineral yang bermanfaat untuk nutrisi, demikian juga pada limbah pengasapan ikan, sehingga dari limbah tersebut masih dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi produk pakan/pellet ikan yang memiliki kandungan nutrisi tinggi dan bernilai ekonomi. Pada tahun 2018 nelayan telah memiliki peralatan mesin pencacah kerang tetapi mesin tersebut sudah lama rusak dan tidak dipergunakan sehingga kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan adalah memperbaiki mesin pembuat pellet dan melakukan pelatihan cara pembuatan pellet skala rumah tangga. Tahapan pertama dilakukan perbaikan mata potong mesin dan saringan, selanjutnya dilakukan dilakukan uji coba untuk pembuatan pelet ikan. Pelet yang telah dibuat dilakukan uji ukuran tepung ikan, karakteristik fisik, organoletptik, daya apung dan proksimat. Hasil uji proksimat pada tepung ikan didapatkan kadar air 5,72; abu 33,15; lemak 18,11; protein 33,26 dan karbohidrat 9,76%, sedangkan pada pellet menujukkan hasil uji fisik berwarna coklat dengan tekstur agak kasar dan beraroma. Hasil uji proksimat pada pellet menunjukkan kadar air 8,78; abu 23,48; lemak 11,02; protein 27,26 dan karbohidrat 29.46%. Warna pelet coklat muda, tekstur agak kasar, aroma khas dedak dan daya apung selama 50 detik. Hasil pelatihan pada masyarakat juga mendapatkan respon yang bagus bahkan bersemangat untuk membuat home industry produk pellet

This research was done to explore bioactivity of Xylocarpus granatum's stem extract as tyrosinase inhibitor for alternative preventing black spot in Litopenaeus vannamei postharvest. In this research, extraction of bioactive compound from X. granatum stem was done by soaking the stem in 96% methanol for 24h at temperature 29°C. The methanol was evaporated by using rotary evaporator at temperature 50°C. The extract was dilute with distillate water at series of dilutions (10%, 30%, 50%, 70%, 90%, and distillate water as the control), and then immersing L. vannamei into X. granatum's stem extract as much as 10ml for 6h, and finally the data analyzing use the Kruskal Wallis test and the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test with the degree of confident 95%. The result showed that X. granatum's stem extract is able to prevent a black spot of L. vannamei after harvesting process. Furthermore, concentration of 10 % of extract is an effective concentration for preventing a black spot and the control has black spot 0.0360 -0.0373 mm 2 . Article history:Received 11 Pencegahan black spot secara fisik pada pasca panen yaitu cephalothorax udang dihilangkan sehingga menjadi udang head less. Cephalothorax udang telah diketahui mengandung polifenoloxidase, enzim tersebut mampu aktif pada kondisi optimumnya yaitu pH 6 dan suhu 45°C, aktifnya enzim tersebut mengakibatkan timbulnya black spot (Gimenez, 2004). Penghilangan kepala udang bertujuan untuk mengurangi jumlah dan aktivitas polifenoloxidase selama proses pasca panen (Benjakul, 2005).Pencegahan black spot secara kimia pada proses pasca panen yaitu penambahan asam askorbat pada udang sebagai antioksidan, perendaman udang ke dalam air es yang mengandung 100 ppm natrium bisulfit (NaHSO 3 )/sodium bisulfit, perendaman udang ke dalam air es yang mengandung 2 ppm metabisulfit/sodium metabisulfit 2 ppm selama 2 menit, serta pencucian udang dengan air yang mengandung klorin 1-10 ppm (Badan Standarisasi Nasional, 1998).Sulfit (metabisulfit maupun bisulfit) merupakan bahan

Desa Oro-oro Ombo memiliki letak yang strategis di dekat Kota Batu dengan kondisi iklim yang sangat mendukung untuk pertanian tanaman dan produk herbal. Pada tahun 2003 WHO merekomendasikan pemanfaatan obat tradisional dan herbal untuk kesehatan, baik untuk pencegahan maupun pengobatan, terutama penyakit kronis, degeneratif, dan kanker. Namun bertolak belakang dengan pernyataan tersebut, konsumsi obat herbal di kalangan generasi muda menunjukkan penurunan. Penyebabnya terutama karena rasanya yang pahit dan tidak praktis. Maka dari itu perlu adanya diversifikasi produk herbal untuk menarik minat generasi muda terhadap obat herbal. Tujuan dari kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini adalah mendiversifikasi produk minuman herbal dari jahe merah (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum), kapulaga (Amomum compactum), dan secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.) serta mengolahnya menjadi produk berbentuk serbuk sehingga lebih praktis. Pembuatan serbuk instan dilakukan dengan memvariasikan perbandingan jahe merah, kapulaga, dan secang (J1; J2; J3; dan J4). Proses pembuatan terdiri dari tiga tahap utama, yaitu penghalusan, pencampuran, dan pemanasan. Hasil uji organoleptik terhadap rasa, aroma dan warna menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada parameter rasa dan warna sedangkan aroma tidak berbeda secara signifikan pada semua sampel. Berdasarkan uji indeks efektivitas perlakuan terbaik adalah J1 dengan komposisi 300 g jahe merah, 8 biji kapulaga, dan 20 serut kayu secang.