Abstract. Muzaki FK, Setiawan E, Insany GFA, Dewi NK, Subagio IB. 2019. Community structure of Echinoderms in seagrass beds of Pacitan beaches, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1787-1793. In this study, we attempt to access diversity and community structure of Echinoderms on seagrass beds in each three belt transect (width 2 m, length 100 m) in Tawang and Pidakan beaches, Pacitan, East Java, Java. Observed parameters were species richness, composition, and abundance, as well as diversity indices: Shannon-Wiener's diversity index (H'), Simpson's dominance index (D) and Pielou's evenness index (J). At the end of the study, we identified one species of sea star (Asteroidea), seven species of brittle stars (Ophiuroidea), ten species of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea) andnine species of sea urchins (Echinoidea). The most dominant species were Ophiocoma dentata (F. Ophiocomidae), Diadema setosum (F. Diadematiidae), Ophiomastix annulosa (F. Ophiocomidae) and Echinometra mathaei (F. Echinometridae). Value of H’ ranged from 0.538 to 1.252 in Tawang and 1.041 to 1.704 in Pidakan; which showing higher species richness and diversity in Pidakan. Echinoderm in the study area was not evenly distributed; D. setosum was very dominant in Tawang beach, while those three other species were more common in Pidakan. Furthermore, most of Holothuroid and Ophiuroid were found only in Pidakan which have relatively more complex habitat.
Abstract. Artificial reefs are artificial habitats laid in waters by mimicking some of the characteristics of natural reefs; and could be made of different materials, one of which is concrete. Seashell waste and stone ash could be added as an alternative material to the concrete for artificial reefs. The purpose of this research is to access the growth rate of Acropora muricata coral fragments transplanted on the hollow dome-shaped concrete with three different compositions: C1), conventional concrete, composed by a mixture of Portland cement, sand, and gravel (composition was 1:3:2); C2), a mixture of Portland cement, sand and crushed bivalve's shells (composition was 1:3:2); and C3), a mixture of Portland cement, stone waste (stone dust), sand and crushed bivalve's shells (composition was 1:3:3:2). Observation of coral fragment growth was conducted underwater by Scuba diving for 6 months with observed parameters were fragment length, colony diameter and number of branching. The highest rate of fragment lengthening of A. muricata coral fragment was at C2 (1.019±0.081 cm/month) and C1 (1.014±0.076 cm/ month). The highest colony diameter increment was also in C2 (1.903±0.212 cm/month) and C1 (1.856±0.219 cm/month); while largest number of branches was also in C2 (13.31 or 2.21 branch/month) and C1 (12.56 or 2.09 branch/month), respectively. Based on one-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test (p = 0.05), there is no significant difference in fragment lengthening and colony diameter in C1 and C2 model, yet differed significantly with C3 model.
Abstract. Muzaki FK, Saptarini D, Ibadah AC. 2019. Juvenile and small fish diversity in mangroves of different root types in the Labuhan Coastal Area, Bangkalan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1537-1543. The complexities of mangrove root types are well known to have effect on communities of fish including larval, juvenile and adult stages. This study aimed to access the difference on species composition and diversity of juvenile and small fish from mangrove area of different root types, especially in mangroves of the coastal area of Sepulu, Bangkalan which is a mangrove protection area. The samples were collected from November 2016 to June 2017 using modified centipede nets and scoop nets. Four types of sampling locations were used. Areas with pneumatophores (S), stilt roots (R), a combination of both types (C) and areas without mangroves (T). At least 32 species from 16 families of juvenile and small fish were identified. Families of fish with highest number of species were Gobiidae with 13 species, followed by Ambassidae, Mugilidae, Eleotridae and Siganidae with 2 species each. Fish species with highest abundance in all sampling sites and periods were Oryzias javanicus (F. Adrianichthyidae, 22.039%), Ambassis kopsii (F. Ambassidae, 17.878%), Liza vaigiensis (F. Mugilidae, 9.613%), Am. buruensis (F. Ambassidae, 9.261%), Terapon jarbua (F. Terapontidae, 7.562%), L. subviridis (F. Mugilidae, 7.385%) and Pseudogobius javanicus (F. Gobiidae, 7.385%), respectively. Result of two-way Anova (p=0.05) suggest that area with stilt roots (R) which were dominated by mangrove Rhizophora have relatively higher abundance and species richness of juvenile and adult small fish. In addition, average Shannon-Weaner diversity index (H’) value in areas with stilt roots was 2.031 and highest compared to the other sampling sites.
Reducing the level of leaves damage of (Brassica rapa) caused by armyworm (Spodoptera litura F.) through liquid bioinsecticide formulation of bintaro (Cerbera odollam) Abstract.Mangrove root complexity and shading are well known to give positive correlation for both juveniles and adult fishes. However, it is remain unclear whether that complexity would affect the community of fish larvae (ichthyoplankton). This study aimed to address the question, especially in mangrove area in coastal area of Sepulu, Madura which projected as a mangrove protection area. Sampling periods were from March to May, 2016. The samples of fish larvae were collected by plankton net (mesh-size 0.150 and 0.265 mm) from six different locations representing different root types (stilt root, pneumatophore, combination of stilt root-pneumatophore and unvegetated area). As the results, 6 families were identified, namely Gobiidae, Blennidae, Pomacentridae, Carangidae, Engraulidae and Ambassidae, respectively. Gobiidae seems to be the most abundant and widely dispersed in the area. Results of two-way AnovadanTukey HSD (both at p = 0.05) indicate that there were significant difference in the larval abundance regarding locations, sampling periods and interaction of both factors. As for number of taxa, significant difference occurred only from factors of locations and sampling periods, but not for interaction of both factors. Highest larval abundance and number of taxa occurred in Rhizophoraspp (with stilt root), indicating that root complexity would affect the community of fish larvae. Ordination by canonical analysis shows that different taxa of the fish larvae are tend to be distributed on different locations.
AbstractThe sponge species diversity recruited insitu macroscopic observation i.e, underwater photograph for sponges species diversity and spicula microscopic examination for sponges order group specimens have been conducted at Pecaron Bay Situbondo. Seventeen sponges species have been identified out of twenty species. The microscopic examination showed that the Diactinal oxea types were dominant in our 13 samples whereas the monoactinal oxea and style were represented only with 7 samples. Moreover, diactinal type of spicula can be used as an order group of sponges species at Pecaron bay Situbondo.
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