We report the existence of incoherently coupled bright–bright steady state photovoltaic (PV) soliton pairs in biased two-photon photorefractive (TPPR) materials that arise due to the TPPR effect. A remarkable finding is that, with the application of electric field, it is possible to generate solitons and control them in such media, where soliton formation was actually prohibited hitherto. The present analysis indicates the existence of a plethora of bright–bright soliton pairs with dynamical properties controllable by the application of an external electric field of appropriate polarity and magnitude. We have identified two different power regimes in which the effect of external electric field is opposite. We have undertaken linear stability analysis which shows that these solitons are stable.
The existence and evolution of bright spatial solitons through a biased non-centrosymmetric two-photon photovoltaic photorefractive crystal have been investigated under both first-order charge diffusion and higher order drift effects. The existence curve of the solitons has been identified; the solitons follow parabolic trajectories. Roles of first-order diffusion and higher order drift on deflection of the solitons have also been identified.
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