Purpose: To analyze spread of odontogenic infections in the elderly, especially the prevalence and characteristic multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) findings. Materials and methods: Ninety-seven patients with odontogenic infection who underwent 64-row MDCT were evaluated in this study. The study patients comprised 31 elderly patients (≥ 60 years) and 66 adults (< 60 years). Age, gender, location of causal tooth, and spread of odontogenic infections with MDCT were analyzed. Results: The elderly patients (74.2%) had higher ratio with female compared to the adults (57.6%). The buccal space (93.5%) was the most common spread of odontogenic infections for the elderly patients, followed by the masticator space (54.8%) and submandibular space (45.2%), whereas the buccal space (97.0%) was the most common spread of odontogenic infections for the adults, followed by submandibular space (65.2%) and masticator space (51.5%). Logistic multivariate regression analysis for odontogenic infections in the elderly demonstrated that the gender (odds ratio = 3.462, P = .024) and submandibular space (odds ratio = 0.168, P = .013) were significant variable. Conclusions: The study showed the prevalence and characteristic MDCT findings of spread of odontogenic infections in the elderly.
Maxillofacial injuries remain a serious clinical problem because of the maxilla's anatomical signifi cance, with important organs, including the beginning of the digestive and respiratory systems, located in this area. The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of maxillary fracture by classification of the mandibular inferior cortical shape using pantomography. This prospective study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (EC15-12-009-1). Three-hundred and sixty-four patients (190 males, 174 females; age 20-91 years, mean age 48.0 years) with suspected maxillary fractures who underwent both pantomography and multidetector row computed tomography (MDCT) from April 2011 to December 2016 were included in this study. The mandibular inferior cortical shape was evaluated by pantomography on both sides of the mandible, distal to the mental foramen by specialist of two oral and maxillofacial radiologists, and classifi ed into three types as follows; Type l: normal cortex, Type 2: mildly to moderately eroded cortex and Type 3: severely eroded cortex. Moreover, the patients were divided into two groups; Group I: normal bone mineral density (Type 1) and Group II: low bone mineral density (Types 2 and 3). The presence of maxillary fractures and the classification of the mandibular inferior cortical shape were compared using pantomography. Of the 364 patients, fractures were seen in 219 patients (60.2%). Of the 219 patients with maxillary fractures, 51 patients were in Group I (23.3%) and 168 patients were in Group II (76.7%). Of the 145 patients without maxillary fractures, 120 patients were in Group I (82.8%) and 25 patients were in Group II (17.2%). There was a statistically signifi cant diff erence between Groups I and II in the prevalence of maxillary fractures (p<0.05). Our results suggest that classification of the mandibular inferior cortical shape using pantomography may provide a risk assessment for maxillary fracture.
Background: Odontogenic maxillary sinusitis primarily results from multiplication of bacteria secondary to dental infection. Because the maxillary premolar and molar roots have the closest proximity to the antral floor, odontogenic infections of these teeth are often the cause of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between the forms of maxillary sinus and maxillary sinus septa and the presence of mucosal thickening of the maxillary sinus using computed tomography(CT). Methods: In this retrospective study, we reviewed 645 maxillary sinuses [from patients 20-92 years of age]) that were imaged for dental implant surgery planning and suspicion of maxillary sinusitis in our department from August 2016 to October 2017. In our study, maxillary sinuses were classified into four groups based on forms of maxillary sinus and maxillary sinus septa; Group 1: flat(without septa), Group 2: flat(with septa), Group 3: circular and convex(without septa), and Group 4: circular and convex(with septa). CT images were evaluated for mucosal thickening(>2 mm) of the maxillary sinus floor. Results: Circular and convex forms toward the lower side of the floor of maxillary sinus were significantly associated with mucosal thickening(P<0.01). The presence of maxillary sinus septa was significantly associated with mucosal thickening(P<0.01). The highest incidence of mucosal thickening was observed in Group 4. Conclusions: The circular and convex form of the floor of maxillary sinus and the presence of maxillary sinus septa can increase mucosal thickening of the maxillary sinus.
To evaluate the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in normal masticatory muscles with magnetic resonance(MR)imaging.This study was approved by the ethics committee at the authorsʼ university(EC15-12-009-1). Twenty-seven healthy volunteers(9 men and 18 women; age range, 21-77 years mean age, 53.7 years)who underwent MRI examination of the TMJ at Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo from November 2015 to January 2017 were included in this study. Diffusion-weighted MR images were acquired using a 1.5 T unit with a b factor of 0 and 1000 s/mm 2 , and ADC maps were generated. The ADC values were measured for healthy masticatory muscles. Regions of interest(ROIs)were drawn to completely include the right and left lateral pterygoid, medial pterygoid, and masseter muscles on a slice demonstrating the largest area of each muscle on the ADC maps.The mean ADC values of the lateral pterygoid muscles, medial pterygoid muscles, and masseter muscles were 1.21±0.31×10 -3 mm 2 /s, 1.10±0.25×10 -3 mm 2 /s, and 1.09± 0.23×10 -3 mm 2 /s, respectively. The ADC values of the lateral pterygoid muscles were significantly higher than those of the medial pterygoid muscles and masseter muscles(*p< 0.05).The results of this study present the ADC values of the masticatory muscles of healthy subjects in vivo. Data regarding the ADC values for normal masticatory muscles will help facilitate quantitative evaluations of temporomandibular disorders.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.