Forms of Maxillary Sinus with Septa can Cause by Mucosal Thickening of Maxillary Sinus: Computed Tomographic Study

Abstract

Background: Odontogenic maxillary sinusitis primarily results from multiplication of bacteria secondary to dental infection. Because the maxillary premolar and molar roots have the closest proximity to the antral floor, odontogenic infections of these teeth are often the cause of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between the forms of maxillary sinus and maxillary sinus septa and the presence of mucosal thickening of the maxillary sinus using computed tomography(CT). Methods: In this retrospective study, we reviewed 645 maxillary sinuses [from patients 20-92 years of age]) that were imaged for dental implant surgery planning and suspicion of maxillary sinusitis in our department from August 2016 to October 2017. In our study, maxillary sinuses were classified into four groups based on forms of maxillary sinus and maxillary sinus septa; Group 1: flat(without septa), Group 2: flat(with septa), Group 3: circular and convex(without septa), and Group 4: circular and convex(with septa). CT images were evaluated for mucosal thickening(>2 mm) of the maxillary sinus floor. Results: Circular and convex forms toward the lower side of the floor of maxillary sinus were significantly associated with mucosal thickening(P<0.01). The presence of maxillary sinus septa was significantly associated with mucosal thickening(P<0.01). The highest incidence of mucosal thickening was observed in Group 4. Conclusions: The circular and convex form of the floor of maxillary sinus and the presence of maxillary sinus septa can increase mucosal thickening of the maxillary sinus.