Testes para a seleção de populações de cenoura visando ao vigor e à longevidade das sementes.Ciência Rural, v.44, n.5, mai, 2014. 768Testes para a seleção de populações de cenoura visando ao vigor e à longevidade das sementes
Evaluation of "japanese" cucumber hybrids under protected cultivation in two sowing dates Twelve cucumber hybrids were evaluated in summer (two replications of seven plants) and fourteen in autumn-winter (four replications of five plants), in a randomized block design to evaluate their performance under protected cultivation at Sao Manuel, São Paulo State, Brazil. Only 'Rensei' was ginoiceous, while the others (AF-1327, AF-1328, AF-1329, BU-92, Hokuho, Hokushin, Hyuma, KH-705, Natsusuzumi, Nikkey, Summer Green, Top Green, Tsuyataro and Yoshinari) were monoiceous, although all of them were partenocarpic. The most yielding hybrids in summer were Tsuyataro (25,4 fruits/plant) and Rensei (25,3 fruits/plants). The most yielding in autumn-winter were 'Nikkey' (26,8 fruits/plant) and 'Top Green' (23,4 fruits/plant) and the least yielding were 'Rensei´(16,1 fruits/plant) and AF-1328 (17,6 fruits/plant). Higher yieldings were obtained in autumn-winter sowing than in summer.
RESUMO -Este trabalho teve como finalidade estimar a divergência genética entre acessos de maracujazeiro (Passiflora cincinnata Mast.) conservados na coleção de trabalho da Embrapa Semi-Árido, em Petrolina-PE. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. A avaliação foi realizada em 32 acessos, com base em 23 caracteres: dois relativos à planta, três às folhas, seis às flores, quatro aos frutos, quatro às sementes, dois às características químicas dos frutos e dois à produção. O comportamento dos acessos foi pesquisado pelas análises univariada e multivariada, com estimativas das dissimilaridades obtidas pela distância generalizada de Mahalanobis (D 2 ) e formação do agrupamento pelo método de Tocher. Os acessos apresentaram variabilidade genética para todos os descritores utilizados na avaliação. As distâncias genéticas entre pares de acessos variaram de 17 a 598, com média 152. O acesso 18-D0542 foi indicado como o mais divergente e o mais produtivo, devendo compor programas de intercruzamentos e ser recomendado para cultivos experimentais por produtores. As características de maior importância para a divergência genética foram: a massa total dos frutos (42,29%), a viabilidade de pólen (8,62%) e a área foliar (7,16%). O agrupamento dos acessos não se correlaciona às Unidades Geoambientais originais de coleta.Termos para indexação: variabilidade, morfologia, análise multivariada, maracujá, germoplasma. GENETIC DIVERGENCE AMONG PASSIFLORA CINCINNATA MAST ACCESSIONS BASED ON MORPHOAGRONOMIC DESCRIPTORSABSTRACT -This study had the objective of evaluating the genetic divergence among passion fruit (Passiflora cincinnata Mast.) accessions maintained in the collection of Embrapa Tropical Semi-Arid, Petrolina-PE, Brazil. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Thirty-two accessions were evaluated considering thirty-three characters: two related to the plant, three to the leaves, six to the flowers, four to the fruits, four to the seeds, two to the chemical characteristics of fruits and two to the yield. The behaviour of accessions was evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses, with dissimilarities obtained by the generalized distance of Mahalanobis (D 2 ) and the grouping technique by the Tocher method. The accessions showed genetic variability for all the evaluated descriptors. The genetic distances between pairs of accessions ranged from 17 to 598, with an average of 152. The accessions indicated as the most divergent should be included in intercross programs and recommended to experimental growing at farm level. The characteristics which most contributed to genetic divergence were total fruit yield (42.29%), pollen viability (8.62%) and leaf area (7.16%). The accessions grouping was not correlated to the original Geo-Environmental Units.
Sete famílias S2 de minimilho foram cruzadas entre si em esquema dialélico completo. Os híbridos simples obtidos foram avaliados na Estação Experimental de São Manuel, da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade de São Paulo (UNESP-Botucatu). O experimento foi delineado em blocos casualizados com três repetições. As parcelas consistiram de fileiras de 5 m espaçadas entre si por 0,90 m, com 50 plantas cada uma. Avaliaram-se as seguintes características: número de espigas por parcela (NE), massa de espigas com palha (MECP) e sem palha (MESP), comprimento de espigas com palha (CECP) e sem palha (CESP), diâmetro de espigas com palha (DECP) e sem palha (DESP), altura da planta (AP) e da espiga (AE). Estimaram-se os efeitos da capacidade geral e específica de combinação das famílias pelo método 4, modelo estatístico 1, proposto por Griffing. Houve predominância dos efeitos gênicos aditivos para a massa de espigas com palha e sem palha. Entretanto, para o comprimento de espigas sem palha, diâmetro de espigas com palha e sem palha, altura de planta e altura de espigas, os efeitos gênicos aditivos e não aditivos foram equivalentes. Pelas estimativas das capacidades combinatórias para o número de espigas por parcela, massa de espigas com palha e sem palha, a família 27 é a indicada para obter genótipos superiores.
Pepper yellow mosaic virus (PepYMV) is the most important potyvirus infecting sweet pepper in Brazil. In this study, twenty isolates of PepYMV were obtained from commercial sweet pepper crops. To confirm virus identity, the coat protein gene was completely sequenced for eleven of these isolates, and partially sequenced for the other nine isolates. The amino acid identities obtained were above 93% when compared with the sequence of a characterized PepYMV isolate (AF348610). Extracts of Nicotiana tabacum cv. TNN plants infected with the different isolates were used to inoculate the differential series of Capsicum spp cultivars containing the genes pvr2 1 , pvr2 2 , pvr2 3 , pvr2 4 , and Pvr4. Using the same criteria established for Potato virus Y (PVY), fourteen isolates of PepYMV could be classified as known pathotypes described for PVY, that is: 1.2 (2 isolates), 1.3 (6) and 1.2.3 (6). The remaining six isolates, 1.3 (2) and 1.2.3 (4) could not be classified into the typical pathotypes of PVY because they were also virulent on Serrano Criollo de Morellos-334 (C.M 334) which carries the pvr2 3 and Pvr4 genes. To classify the PepYMV into pathotypes and counter the biological diversity found in this species we propose the utilization of 2 x for the ability to overcome the correspondent allele of the pvr2 locus and 4 for the capacity to break down the Pvr4 gene. Using this criterion we could classify the PepYMV into five
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