A study on the synthesis of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and zinc oxide (ZnO) hybrid materials using the mecahnochemical technique has been conducted. MWCNT was dispersed in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solution. ZnO was formed at milling time between 2 and 5 hours, where at 10 hours the XRD results showed only small peaks of ZnO. This suggests that at longer milling time, the ZnO crystals were either become amorphous or have reduced in sized so as not to be detected using XRD. ZnO has also been doped with Manganese (Mn) which have affected the crystal structure and surface morphology of the sample.Keywords:Doping, Manganese nitrate, Mechanochemical technique, Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), Surfactant method , Zinc Oxide (ZnO)
The combination of organic and inorganic components has produced bioactive materials with excellent properties. Chitosan is a widely used organic component, which has received recognition as biocompatible material. On the other hand, naturally occurred pyrite so far received limited exposure as biomaterial, despite its great antibacterial activity. Hence, the incorporation of pyrite in chitosan matrix is expected to highlight the usage of pyrite as bioactive material, especially in antibacterial response. In this research, chitosan and oxalate-modified pyrite was combined to form beads at wt% pyrite loading of 1%, 3%, and 5%. The EDX analysis could confirm the loading of pyrite in the bead’s matrix. The beads exhibit high water absorption ability, with addition of pyrite could increase the absorption of water up to 37% compared to blank chitosan beads. The immersion of beads in simulated body fluid shows the bioactivity of beads by formation of apatite. Microbial activity against E. coli and S. aureus is exhibited for all composite beads containing oxalate-modified pyrite, especially for beads containing 5 wt% oxalate-pyrite.
The geometry optimization of the tetragonal supercell 1x1x2 (P4mm, 99 space group) of PZT and PSnZT were calculated using different exchange correlation functional such as Local Density Approximate (LDA-CAPZ) and Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA-PBE & GGA-PBEsol).The calculation using functional GGA-PBEsol exhibits the most accurate values of lattice parameter and volume of structure relative to the experiment results with typical error of approximately 1% underestimate (only for PZT-as reference materials). The electronic band structure and density of state (DOS) were also studied in order to understand the electron density and hybrization between cation and anion in the compound. The density of state studies indicated existing of hybridizations among anion O 2p, cation Pb 6s/Sn 5s (special lone pair) and the Ti 3d/Zr 4d states of PZT and PSnZT compound. An indirect band gap was respectively obtained for both cubic PZT and PSnZT at the F-G and Q-G point with 3.154 eV and 2.571 eV.
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