Cervical cancer in Indonesia in 2018 ranks second in cancer in women in Indonesia with an incidence rate of 348.809 cases with a mortality rate of nearly 60% of the incidence, namely 207.210 deaths. Deaths from cervical cancer are projected to continue to increase and are estimated to reach 12 million deaths by 2030 if not treated properly. The incidence of cervical cancer in Indonesia is estimated to have 180.000 new cases per year and the death rate is thought to reach 75% in the first year. This death is mainly associated with the majority of newly diagnosed patients who are already at an advanced stage (70% of cases) and are already at the terminal stage at the time of diagnosis.

A B S T R A C TRenal pruritus (RP) is a condition or symptom that is often found in end-stagechronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing hemodialysis (HD). The etiology of RP ismultifactorial, one of it due to inflammation mediated by interleukin 2 (IL-2). Studyon the correlation between serum level of IL-2 and the severity of RP is still limited.This study will analyze the correlation between serum level of IL-2 in patientsundergoing HD and the severity of RP. Our method is cross sectional design atHemodialysis Installation of Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital. Serum level of IL-2examined by ELISA, the severity of RP assessed by a 5 dimensional pruritus scale.Inclusion criteria in this study included HD patients with RP ≥ 9, age ≥ 18 years andwilling to sign informed consent. The results from 28 male (59.6%) and 19 female(40.4%) are the mean serum level of IL-2 (pg/ml) is 0.424 ± 0.077. The mean RPseverity score is 18.98 ± 2.74. A strong positive correlation between serum level ofIL-2 and the severity of RP (r = 0.750, p = 0,000). Our conclusion is the increase ofserum level IL-2 in line with severity of RP.

Introduction. The aerosol box can reduce the risk of droplet and aerosol transmission from the patient to the operator when performing intubation, but in practice, an aerosol box makes the glottis visualization less evident, and the operator moves less space with less space the aerosol box. This study aimed to compare ETT duration using an aerosol box and without an aerosol box using a video laryngoscope. Methods: This study was a clinical trial with a post-test-only control design. The study was carried out from February 2021 to May 2021 at the Central Operating Theater of dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang. The sample in this study was all patients who underwent elective surgery under general anesthesia using intubation at the Central Surgical Installation of dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. After the data is collected, it is analyzed using the SPSS 22.0 program with the appropriate test. Results. There were no differences in subject characteristics (age, sex, BMI, Mallampati score, TMD, Cormack Lehane, limited mouth opening, short neck, limited mouth movement) between the group using the aerosol box and the group without the aerosol box. The duration of intubation without an aerosol box is 30.67 + 2.63 seconds, and using an aerosol box is 44.53 + 2.89 seconds. There was a significant difference between the two groups in the duration of patient intubation (p < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in complications in the two groups (p >0.05). Conclusion. The duration of the endotracheal tube insertion using an aerosol box is more extended than without an aerosol box in elective surgery patients.

Introduction: Pain is a problem often encountered in postoperative patients. Study has shown after a procedure, 80% patients experience acute pain. This postoperative pain will affect patient’s quality of life therefore necessitating quick and proper treatment. Tissue trauma during surgery will have influence on body system, including endocrine. One of endocrine system response is cortisol secretion. Cortisol levels may be attenuated by bupivacaine and oxycodone. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of bupivacaine0,125% and oxycodone 5 mg on pain perception measured by cortisol in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery of the lower limb. Methods: A randomized clinical trial, double-blind study was performed at Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital in Palembang, South Sumatra, from November to May 2021. There were forty samples and divided into two groups (bupivacaine 0,125% and oxycodone 5 mg). Groups were divided by block randomization by computerized random number generator. Blinding were done by making analgesic has the same packages to prevent knowledge of which intervention is being done. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, ANOVA, Mann-Whitney and Chi Square with SPSS version 22.0. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups on age, gender, body mass index and duration of surgery. In bupivacaine group, cortisol level decreased from 12.94±6.99 µg/dl to 11.32±5.42 µg/dl meanwhile oxycodone group cortisol levels increased from 11.81±8.47 µg/dl to 11.82±7.56 µg/dl. There were no significant difference between two groups relating to cortisol levels. Conclusions: No significant difference was found on administration of bupivacaine 0,125% and oxycodone 5 mg as epidural analgesia on cortisol level in postoperative orthopedic surgery of the lower limb patient.

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HPV is a sexually transmitted virus, and high-risk HPV DNA was found in 99.7%of cervical cancer specimens. Within 12 to 24 months of exposure to the virus,90% of HPV infections disappear or become inactive. However, infection with high-risk strains of HPV persist which then increases the risk of progression to cervicalcancer. The detection of precancerous lesions consists of various methods,including pap smear (conventional or liquid-base cytology / LBC), visualinspection of acetic acid (IVA), visual inspection of lugoliodine (VILI), and HPV DNAtest (genotyping / hybrid capture).

WHO has created a global strategy to accelerate the elimination of cervical canceras a public health problem and a world burden. Cervical cancer is a disease thatcan be prevented and cured, as long as it is detected early and treated effectively.Cervical cancer is also a disease that reflects global injustice. The burden isgreatest in low- and middle-income countries, where access to public healthservices is limited and screening and treatment for the disease has not been widelyapplied. In 2018, nearly 90% of all deaths worldwide occurred in low and middleincome countries. Furthermore, the proportion of women with cervical cancer whodie from the disease is more than 60% in these countries, more than double thenumber in many high-income countries, which is only 30%.

Screening is a public health intervention administered to a target populationwithout symptoms. Screening is not performed to diagnose a disease, but toidentify individuals with a higher likelihood of developing the disease itself or aprecursor to the disease. Not all diseases are suitable for screening programs. Thefollowing criteria help determine whether a disease is suitable for a screeningprogram: (1) The disease is bound to have serious consequences. (2) The diseasemust have a detectable preclinical and asymptomatic stage. (3) Treatment at thepreclinical stage should influence the long-term course and prognosis of thedisease being screened. (4) Care must be available and accessible to those whohave a positive screening test. History, screening tests and treatment options forcervical pre-cancer meet these criteria.