Penyelidikan tanah merupakan salah satu proses penting dalam perencanaan pembangunan. Penyelidikan tanah dibutuhkan untuk menentukan jenis fondasi yang akan digunakan. Salah satu penyelidikan tanah adalah uji Standard Penetration Test (SPT). Penelitian ini akan memaparkan pengembangan metode perhitungan kapasitas daya dukung fondasi dengan mengoptimalkan penggunaan data sekunder, sehingga dapat memprediksi kapasitas daya dukung di titik lain yang tidak dilakukan pengujian tanah. Metode clustering mengelompokkan jenis tanah berdasarkan nilai Nrata-rata data SPT. Nilai Nrata-rata diplotkan kedalam QGIS untuk dilakukan clustering jenis tanah. Prediksi kapasitas dukung fondasi tiang tunggal (Qu) pada kedalaman tiang berdasarkan data SPT digunakan interval kepercayaan. Interval kepercayaan memprediksi nilai Qu dan kedalaman yang belum diketahui nilainya. Nilai Qu setiap kedalaman (z) yang dihitung dengan tingkat kepercayaan kemudian dihubungkan menggunakan grafik berdasarkan cluster. Hasil analisis QGIS memiliki dua cluster jenis tanah yaitu tanah lempung sangat kaku dan tanah lempung keras. Tingkat kepercayaan semakin besar menghasilkan kapasitas dukung fondasi tiang pancang tunggal (Qu) semakin kecil. Jika diambil diameter 30 cm kedalaman 8 meter cluster lempung keras, maka hasil pembacaan grafik menunjukkan nilai Qu interval kepercayaan 60% = 961,42 kN, 80% = 858,60 kN, dan 95% = 719,19 kN. Lapisan tanah yang semakin keras diperlukan kapasitas dukung ultimit yang lebih besar. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh nilai Qu cluster lempung sangat kaku lebih kecil daripada cluster lempung keras jika diambil diameter 50 cm dan kedalaman 10 m dengan interval kepercayaan 60% diperoleh nilai Qu sebesar 1663 kN pada cluster lempung sangat kaku dan nilai Qu sebesar 3716 kN pada cluster lempung keras
Wonogiri has various contours. Steep slopes dominate some areas. Hence it has a high possibility to occur landslides. There are still a lot of people living under the slopes. Therefore, this research is essential for disaster mitigation purposes. The study aims to know how the value of the slope safety factor changes with construction terraces design. The research was conducted by collecting secondary data and improving the Terraces construction carried out. The data was analyzed in the limit equilibrium method to provide conditions before and after the rain. The models were tried with several Terraces variations on the slope to obtain the most optimal design. The results used a simplified Bishop method. The design of terraces on the slopes of Sendangmulyo Wonogiri Village shows that the SF value increase is only for the conditions before a rain. In contrast, the states after the rain do not yield a safety condition. The SF value increases if the number of steps increases, whereas the more step height increases, the less the SF value will be.
Modified of Cakar Ayam System (CAM) is a system that uses galvanized steel pipes as stiffener plate. This system had been implemented on the trial road of Pamanukan-Indramayu, Indonesia. Many advantages are obtained from the use of this system, for example reduction on deflection, durability, and application on road pavement. Full scale trials had been conducted in Indonesia, for the examples, the Waru-Surabaya Highway and Section IV Highway, Makassar. Despite this system is widely used but there are still many problems occur such as deflection and crack due to less plate thickness. This research will discuss about the deflection, moment and shear force of plate model on soft base ground using Finite Element Method (FEM). The system configurations for concrete plate applied in this research were 7.25 m in width and 14.0 m in length with thickness was varied by 0.15 m, 0.18 m and 0.22 m using 21 cakars. The loads represented semi-trailer truck loading with the weight of each axle propagated into 2 equal uniform loads. The position of test loading points were made in several variations to determine the largest deflection value. If the plate got thicker then, its stiffness value would increase and the deflection accorded smaller result. By using CAM System, cakar could function as a load restraint and plate grip. The stiffness of the plate would increase when the plate was applied with the CAM System and could reduce deflection by 2.74% to 39.77%. On the effect on the moment and shear force, it was found that the thicker the plate, the greater the moment and shear force value obtained. The difference in the value of the moment obtained from the comparison between the plate using the CAM System and the plate without the CAM System was 0.23% to 1.60%, while for shear force values, the difference was 7.56% to 11.19%.
In the construction projects, a pile group foundation is often utilized. The group of bored piles is usually installed relatively close to each other and joined at the top by a pile cap to hold up the loads. In other hand, a fast estimation of the groups of piles capacities are needed in the preliminary design and in other conditions of projects, such as a supervisor of projects want to estimate the capacities of the group of piles. The purpose of this research is to study the correlations of groups of piles efficiencies with the number of piles and to compare the groups of piles capacities with the single piles capacities. Furthermore, this study is aimed to make a fast estimation of groups of piles capacities using proposed graphical method.The piles efficiencies are calculated using several methods, such as Simplified Analysis, Converse-Labare [1][2], Los Angeles Group, Seiler - Keeney, Das, and Sayed - Baker. In order to calculate the groups of piles capacities, the capacities of single piles are needed. The singles piles capacities are taken from graphical method proposed by Djarwanti et al. (2015a and 2015b). Three graphical methods utilized are derived from the Briaud et al. (1985) , Reese and Wright (1977), and Reese O’Neill method. Moreover, the proposed graphical method is applied in the case study. The case study takes palace in Graha Indoland Condotel Inside Yogyakarta Construction Project.The pile efficiency graph is recommended for this research since the value of pile efficiency could be easily taken. The value of pile efficiency for Graha Indoland Condotel Inside using Simplified Analysis, Converse - Labare, Los Angeles Group, Seiler – Keeney, Das, and Sayed – Baker are 1,75; 0,89; 0,94; 0,99; 4,00; 1,56 respectively. Meanwhile the value of pile group capacity with the value of pile group efficiency more than 1, showed that the pile group capacity based on the efficiency is bigger than the one based on single down pattern.
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