We construct a hadron-quark two-phase model based on the Walecka-quantum hadrodynamics and the improved Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model with an explicit chemical potential dependence of Polyakov-loop potential (µPNJL model). With respect to the original PNJL model, the confineddeconfined phase transition is largely affected at low temperature and large chemical potential. Using the two-phase model, we investigate the equilibrium transition between hadronic and quark matter at finite chemical potentials and temperatures. The numerical results show that the transition boundaries from nuclear to quark matter move towards smaller chemical potential (lower density) when the µ-dependent Polyakov loop potential is taken. In particular, for charge asymmetric matter, we compute the local asymmetry of u, d quarks in the hadron-quark coexisting phase, and analyse the isospin-relevant observables possibly measurable in heavy-ion collision (HIC) experiments. In general new HIC data on the location and properties of the mixed phase would bring relevant information on the expected chemical potential dependence of the Polyakov Loop contribution.
To solve the problem of location services in harsh environments, we propose an integrated navigation algorithm based on broadband low-earth-orbit (LEO) satellite communication and navigation integration with 3-satellite alternate switch ranging. First, we describe the algorithm principle and processing flow in detail; next, we analyze and model the ranging error source and propose a combined multipath and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) error analysis model, which avoids discussing the complex multipath number of paths and its modeling process; in addition, we also propose a multimodal Gaussian noise-based interference model and analyze and model the LEO satellite orbital disturbance. The final simulation results show that our proposed algorithm can not only effectively overcome inertial navigation system (INS) divergence, but also achieve high positioning accuracy, especially when continuous ranging values are used. It can still ensure good anti-interference performance and robustness in terms of path and noise interference and by alternately switching ranging, there are other potential advantages. Compared to some of the existing representative advanced algorithms, it has higher accuracy, stronger stability and lower cost. Furthermore, it can be used as a location reference solution for real-time location services and life search and rescue in harsh environments with incomplete visual satellites and can also be used as a technical reference design solution for the future integration of communication and navigation (ICN).
Objective: This study aimed to assess the role of coagulation-related indicators such as plasma fibrinogen (FIB), D-dimer, and fibrin degradation product (FDP) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and their association with disease activity.Methods: Data from 105 RA patients and 102 age- and gender- matched healthy controls were collected in the retrospective study. Disease activity score in 28 joints based on C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP) was used to divide the RA patients into inactive group (DAS28-CRP ≤ 2.7) and active group (DAS28-CRP > 2.7). The association between plasma FIB, D-dimer, and FDP and DAS28-CRP was evaluated by spearman correlation. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to determine the area under curve (AUC) value. The prognostic value of plasma FIB, D-dimer, and FDP in the RA disease activity was tested by logistical regression analysis.Results: RA patients showed higher FAR levels of plasma FIB, D-dimer, and FDP than the controls (P < 0.01). Plasma FIB, D-dimer, and FDP were also increased in active group of RA patients than those in inactive group (P < 0.001). Spearman analysis showed that plasma FIB, D-dimer, and FDP were positively related with DAS28-CRP (P < 0.001) in RA patients. ROC curve analyses revealed that the AUC of D-dimer was higher than ESR and RF, and that of FDP was higher than RF in RA patients. In addition, the optimal cut-off value of plasma FIB, D-dimer, and FDP for RA diagnosis was 286 mg/dL, 470 μg/L, and 1.45 mg/L, respectively. Logistical regression analyses showed that D-dimer (odds ratio = 2.862, 95% confidence interval: 1.851-4.426, P < 0.001) was a predictor for RA disease activity.Conclusions: FIB, D-dimer, and FDP were increased in RA patients and positively correlated with the disease activity of RA. D-dimer may act as a novel inflammatory parameter for predicting disease activity in RA patients.
To increase
the maximum internal pressure that a polyethylene (PE) pipe can withstand,
a novel rotational shear system (RSS) was constructed in this study
to fabricate PE pipes with enhanced hoop strength by applying hoop
shear on the pipes using a rotational mandrel. The microstructure
and morphology with the influences of melt plasticizing temperature
on PE pipes processing under rotational shear were investigated indirectly
using small-angle X-ray scattering and wide-angle X-ray diffraction
(SAXS/WAXD) measurements. In the SAXS patterns, equatorial streaks
and meridional scattering peaks were clearly observed in all three
samples prepared at different melt plasticizing temperatures, 215,
235, and 255 °C. Their presence indicated that shish–kebab
crystals form in rotational shear. Compared to those at
the low melt temperature, the increase in the melt temperature enhanced
the amount and the dimensions of shish formed. However, the shish
also relaxed faster at the high melt temperature. This behavior was
attributed to the enhancement of the molecular chain’s athletic
ability. The hoop tensile strength and the heat resistance of the
pipes peaked at the melt plasticizing temperature of
235 °C, 75.2 MPa, 102.4 °C, up 1 MPa, 0.2 °C (compared
to the 215 °C) and 7.8 MPa, 3.2 °C (compared to the 255
°C). The axial strength increased with an increase
of melt plasticizing temperature. However, the increase of melt plasticizing
temperature worsens the inherent good tensile toughness of PE100 pipes
as the
axial elongation at break decreases.
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