Phase transition of strongly interacting matter with a chemical potential dependent Polyakov loop potential

Shao, Guo-yun; Tang, Z.; Toro, M. Di; Colonna, M.; Gao, Xue-yan; Gao, Ning

doi:10.1103/physrevd.94.014008

Cited by 19 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 87 publications

(114 reference statements)

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“…Nevertheless, the roots of such polynomials can also be estimated via numerical calculations, as I did in this work. Thanks to (81), the summation of the Matsubara frequencies is still feasible with (23), as with the other cases…”

Section: Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, c N is the number of colors, fixed to three in all this paper (r, g, b) and f N is the number of (approximately) massless flavors. In the expression of ( ) In this document, the name " µ PNJL" [81] will be used to designate the calculations that use (5), whereas the "PNJL" label will be reserved to the ones that consider a constant 0 T .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can be done by a rescale in temperature in the Polyakov loop potential [74]. Other modifications consist in including an f N correction and a µ -dependence in this potential [75][76][77][78][79][80][81]. Some adaptations must be performed to include the color superconductivity in the (P)NJL models.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…with this phase. In this case, the roots k L presented in(81) are s are the roots of the numerator of the expression that is obtained when one uses a formula like(72) with…”

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confidence: 99%

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Color superconductivity in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model complemented by a Polyakov loop

Blanquier¹

2017

Eur. Phys. J. A

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The color superconductivity was studied with an adaptation of the Nambu and Jona-Lasinio model (NJL). This one was coupled to a Polyakov loop, to form the PNJL model. A µdependent Polyakov loop potential was considered. An objective of the presented works was to describe the analytical calculations required to establish the equations to be solved, in all of the treated cases. They concerned the normal quark phase, the 2-flavor color-superconducting and the color-flavor-locked phases, in an ( ) ( ) 3 3 f c SU SU × description. The calculationswere performed according to the temperature T , the chemical potentials f µ or according to the densities f ρ , with or without the isospin symmetry. Among the obtained results, it was found that at low T , the restoration of the chiral symmetry, the deconfinement transition and the transition between the normal quark and 2-flavor color-superconducting phases occur via first order phase transitions at the same chemical potential. Moreover, an sSC phase was identified in the , q s ρ ρ plane.PACS numbers: 11.10. Wx, 11.30.Rd, 25.75.Nq ( )3 flavor SU description, one mainly mentions the 2-flavor color-superconducting (2SC) phase, in which u and d quarks form pairs, and the color-flavor-locked (CFL) phase that involves ud, us and ds pairs. Other phases were also imagined: recent works related to this topic [19][20][21][22][23][24] show rather complex phase diagrams to represent them. In Nature, some of these ones are expected to constitute the core of neutron stars or, more generally, of compact stars. Future accelerator programs plan to explore the high densities regions of the phase diagram. Color superconductivity may be probably accessible to them [25]. To describe the color superconductivity theoretically, the QCD should be the best tool to be considered. However, at high densities, some difficulties appear in a QCD description involving the three quark colors, caused by the fermion sign problem [26]. Even if some approaches have been developed to take this problem into account [5], it constitutes a serious limitation in the study of the dense matter with the QCD.The Nambu and Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model [27,28] constitutes a reliable alternative. The main idea of this approach consists in gathering the various interactions between the quarks/antiquarks in punctual ones. It leads to consider massive gluons, described by constant terms. So, the gluon degrees of freedom are frozen in this description [29]. This model was progressively improved [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42], in order to obtain an interesting approach to describe the quark physics at low energies. With the use of Matsubara's formalism [43], the NJL approach is fully able to work at finite temperature. The model is also usable at finite chemical potentials or finite densities. As a consequence, the NJL model appears as a serious candidate to study the color superconductivity. In fact, even if other models may also be considered, like the Dyson-Schwinger approach [44,45] or the instanton...

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Section: Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…with this phase. In this case, the roots k L presented in(81) are s are the roots of the numerator of the expression that is obtained when one uses a formula like(72) with…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Color superconductivity in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model complemented by a Polyakov loop

Blanquier¹

2017

Eur. Phys. J. A

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“…The cumulants of conserved quantities up to fourth order of net-proton, net-charge and net-kaon multiplicity distributions have been measured in the first phase of beam energy scan program (BES-I) at RHIC for Au+Au collisions at √ s N N = 7. 7,11.5,14.5,19.6,27,39,62.4 and 200GeV, and the results are summarized in [26][27][28]. A nonmonotonic energy dependent behavior for the kurtosis of the net proton number distributions κσ 2 has been observed in the most central Au+Au collisions: κσ 2 firstly decreases from around 1 at the colliding energy √ s N N = 200GeV to 0.1 at √ s N N = 20GeV and then rises quickly up to around 3.5 at √ s N N = 7GeV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The kurtosis of net baryon number fluctuations from a realistic Polyakov–Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model along the experimental freeze-out line

Wang

et al. 2019

Eur. Phys. J. C

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Firstly we qualitatively analyze the formation of the dip and peak structures of the kurtosis κσ 2 of net baryon number fluctuation along imagined freeze-out lines and discuss the signature of the existence of the QCD critical end point (CEP) in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model, Polyakov-NJL (PNJL) model as well as µ-dependent PNJL(µ PNJL) model with different parameter sets, and then we apply a realistic PNJL model with parameters fixed by lattice data at zero chemical potential, and quantitatively investigate its κσ 2 along the real freeze-out line extracted from experiments. The important contribution from gluodynamics to the baryon number fluctuations is discussed. The peak structure of κσ 2 along the freeze-out line is solely determined by the existence of the CEP mountain and can be used as a clean signature for the existence of CEP. The formation of the dip structure is sensitive to the relation between the freeze-out line and the phase boundary, and the freeze-out line starts from the back-ridge of the phase boundary is required. To our surprise, the kurtosis κσ 2 produced from the realistic PNJL model along the experimental freeze-out line agrees with BES-I data well, which indicates that equilibrium result can explain the experimental data. It is worth to point out that the extracted freeze-out temperatures from beam energy scan measurement are indeed higher than the critical temperatures at small chemical potentials, which supports our qualitative analysis.

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QCD phase diagram with the improved Polyakov loop effective potential

et al. 2016

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Phase transition of strongly interacting matter with a chemical potential dependent Polyakov loop potential

Cited by 19 publications

References 87 publications

Color superconductivity in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model complemented by a Polyakov loop

Color superconductivity in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model complemented by a Polyakov loop

The kurtosis of net baryon number fluctuations from a realistic Polyakov–Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model along the experimental freeze-out line

QCD phase diagram with the improved Polyakov loop effective potential

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