Asymmetric supercapacitor with high energy density has been developed successfully using graphene/MnO2 composite as positive electrode and activated carbon nanofibers (ACN) as negative electrode in a neutral aqueous Na2SO4 electrolyte. Due to the high capacitances and excellent rate performances of graphene/MnO2 and ACN, as well as the synergistic effects of the two electrodes, such asymmetric cell exhibits superior electrochemical performances. An optimized asymmetric supercapacitor can be cycled reversibly in the voltage range of 0–1.8 V, and exhibits maximum energy density of 51.1 Wh kg−1, which is much higher than that of MnO2//DWNT cell (29.1 Wh kg−1). Additionally, graphene/MnO2//ACN asymmetric supercapacitor exhibits excellent cycling durability, with 97% specific capacitance retained even after 1000 cycles. These encouraging results show great potential in developing energy storage devices with high energy and power densities for practical applications.

Hierarchical flowerlike nickel hydroxide decorated on graphene sheets has been prepared by a facile and cost‐effective microwave‐assisted method. In order to achieve high energy and power densities, a high‐voltage asymmetric supercapacitor is successfully fabricated using Ni(OH)2/graphene and porous graphene as the positive and negative electrodes, respectively. Because of their unique structure, both of these materials exhibit excellent electrochemical performances. The optimized asymmetric supercapacitor could be cycled reversibly in the high‐voltage region of 0–1.6 V and displays intriguing performances with a maximum specific capacitance of 218.4 F g−1 and high energy density of 77.8 Wh kg−1. Furthermore, the Ni(OH)2/graphene//porous graphene supercapacitor device exhibits an excellent long cycle life along with 94.3% specific capacitance retained after 3000 cycles. These fascinating performances can be attributed to the high capacitance and the positive synergistic effects of the two electrodes. The impressive results presented here may pave the way for promising applications in high energy density storage systems.

Graphene that had nanomeshes, only one to two graphene layers, and specific surface areas of up to 1654 m(2) g(-1) was produced on gram-scale by template growth on porous MgO layers. Its unique porous structure gave excellent electrochemical capacitance (up to 255 F g(-1)), cycle stability and rate performance.

We report on the fabrication of 3D carbonaceous material composed of 1D carbon nanofibers (CNF) grown on 2D graphene sheets (GNS) via a CVD approach in a fluidized bed reactor. Nanographene-constructed carbon nanofibers contain many cavities, open tips, and graphene platelets with edges exposed, providing more extra space for Li(+) storage. More interestingly, nanochannels consisting of graphene platelets arrange almost perpendicularly to the fiber axis, which is favorable for lithium ion diffusion from different orientations. In addition, 3D interconnected architectures facilitate the collection and transport of electrons during the cycling process. As a result, the CNF/GNS hybrid material shows high reversible capacity (667 mAh/g), high-rate performance, and cycling stability, which is superior to those of pure graphene, natural graphite, and carbon nanotubes. The simple CVD approach offers a new pathway for large-scale production of novel hybrid carbon materials for energy storage.

Few-layered graphene networks composed of phosphorus and nitrogen dual-doped porous graphene (PNG) are synthesized via a MgO-templated chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using (NH4)3PO4 as N and P source. P and N atoms have been substitutionally doped in graphene networks since the doping takes place at the same time with the graphene growth in the CVD process. Raman spectra show that the amount of defects or disorders increases after P and N atoms are incorporated into graphene frameworks. The doping levels of P and N measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy are 0.6 and 2.6 at %, respectively. As anodes for Li ion batteries (LIBs), the PNG electrode exhibits high reversible capacity (2250 mA h g(-1) at the current density of 50 mA g(-1)), excellent rate capability (750 mA h g(-1) at 1000 mA g(-1)), and satisfactory cycling stability (no capacity decay after 1500 cycles), showing much enhanced electrode performance as compared to the undoped few-layered porous graphene. Our results show that the PNG is a promising candidate for anode materials in high-rate LIBs.

3D pillared‐porous carbon nanosheets with supporting carbon pillars between the carbon layers is prepared by the carbonization of pitch on porous MgO templates. This unique structure endows the high‐rate transportation of electrolyte ions and electrons throughout the electrode matrix, resulting in excellent electrochemical performance.

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Direct growth of 100 mm long, semiconducting triple‐walled carbon nanotubes (TWNTs) on Si substrates by chemical vapor depoistion is reported. By tailoring the temperature for a certain gas flow rate, a yield of nearly 90% of centimeter‐long TWNTs is obtained. The TWNTs show an unprecedented structural homogeneity, in which each shell maintains a constant chiral index extending over a very large distance (>60 mm). The semiconducting TWNTs can be directly fabricated into field‐effect transistors.