Nanographene-Constructed Carbon Nanofibers Grown on Graphene Sheets by Chemical Vapor Deposition: High-Performance Anode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries

Fan, Zhuangjun; Yan, Jun; Wei, Tong; Gao, Ning; Zhi, Linjie; Liu, Jincheng; Cao, Dianxue; Wei, Fei

doi:10.1021/nn200195k

Cited by 279 publications

(219 citation statements)

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“…[ 60 ] Despite previous papers claimed a certain fragility of bare RGO paper electrodes, [ 35 ] these last two research efforts clearly demonstrated that the introduction of defects, or the direct functionalization of RGO's surface with other electroactive species, could enable fl exible graphene-based electrodes. Similarly, other research efforts on N-doped RGO [ 61 ] and RGO paper functionalized with CNT [ 62,63 ] were reported, but no substantial improvement in terms of electrochemical performance could be observed (Table 1 ). Moreover, a chemically activated RGO paper was also tested as LIB anode [ 64 ] but, unfortunately, it showed very poor performance (i.e., 1 st cycle irreversible capacity of about 86% and a lithiation capacity retention of about 16% after 10 cycles at 20 mA g −1 ) ( Table 1 ).…”

Section: Continuedmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…In all these cases, however, only modest improvements (especially in terms of cycling stability) were observed with respect to the reports published few years before. Although several publications reported the active material mass loadings, [ 58,60,65,129,130,132,138,142,147,168,172,[177][178][179][180] as well as the tap density of the active material [ 57 ] and the density of the electrode, [ 63 ] no considerations about volumetric capacity were made. Some progression on composite anodes based on graphene and germanium (i.e., alloy material), MFe 2 O 4 (M = Co, Ni, Cu) and M x S y (M = Sn, Sb, In) were reported in 2012.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Critical Insight into the Relentless Progression Toward Graphene and Graphene‐Containing Materials for Lithium‐Ion Battery Anodes

et al. 2016

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that its extraordinary properties would enable revolutionary new technologies, which gave birth to the "graphene era". [ 3,4 ] Relying on this scenario, in 2013, the European Union launched the ¤1 billion "Graphene Flagship" project aimed to investigate the properties of this new form of carbon for various applications (e.g., electronics, sensors and energy storage devices), with the ambitious goal of guiding graphene from laboratories to commercial applications within a decade. [ 5,6 ] In the same period, the Chinese Government set up a similar investment to mass-produce graphene as thin fi lms (e.g., for touchscreen electrodes) and platelets (e.g., for use in batteries). [ 6 ] In the following years, hundreds of patents, mainly focused on manufacturing and application in energy storage, were fi led and the worldwide production of graphene and graphene-containing materials rapidly increased. Although a few Chinese industries claimed to already use graphene-containing materials for smartphone production, no revolutionary practical application relying on graphene has been yet developed. [ 6 ] Specifi cally with respect to the battery fi eld, a close analysis of the scientifi c literature reveals a struggle to meet the ambitious initial targets. A potential loss of focus from the fi nal application caused by hype and ease of publication on such a novel matter, together with the delivery of very misleading information [ 7,8 ] and erroneous statements [ 7 ] concerning the use of graphene in batteries are emerging as possible reasons of the ineffective graphene-era outburst. In this progress report, we do not focus on production and classifi cation of graphene and graphene-containing materials, which were already well reported in the past years. [ 3,[9][10][11] In contrast, due to the lack of an exhaustive analysis of the progression of the use of such materials in lithium-ion battery (LIB) anodes, we report here a critical evaluation of the most prominent research papers published from 2008 until the end of 2015. As shown in Figure 1 , three different stages of the graphene research in LIB anodes can be distinguished: a fi rst stationary phase between 2008 and 2010 where the lithium-ion storage properties of different graphene and graphene-containing materials were preliminarily explored, a second exponential stage, spanning from 2010 to 2014, where graphene and graphene-containing anode materials were broadly developed and investigated, and fi nally, a third phase, (i.e., starting from 2015), where the research seems to have approached a plateau. After Used as a bare active material or component in hybrids, graphene has been the subject of numerous studies in recent years. Indeed, from the fi rst report that appeared in late July 2008, almost 1600 papers were published as of the end 2015 that investigated the properties of graphene as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries. Although an impressive amount of data has been collected, a real advance in the fi eld still seems to be missing. In this framework, atten...

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Section: Continuedmentioning

confidence: 60%

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confidence: 99%

Critical Insight into the Relentless Progression Toward Graphene and Graphene‐Containing Materials for Lithium‐Ion Battery Anodes

et al. 2016

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“…16 Carbon nanofibers were grown by CVD on graphene sheets synthesized by a modified Hummers method; the carbon nanofibers with many cavities, open tips, as well as edges of exposed graphene platelets can be homogeneously distributed between the graphene sheets as spaces to separate the neighboring graphene and be beneficial for fast ion/electron transfer as well as sufficient contact between active materials as well as electrolyte. 17 Vertically aligned CNTs were directly grown by CVD (60 sccm C 2 H 2 , 120 sccm H 2 , 200 sccm Ar, 750°C) on graphene paper coated with Fe as well as Al 2 O 3 and higher as well as more stable discharge capacity compared with graphene paper as well as CNTs was achieved. 18 Graphene films were grown on copper foil by low pressure CVD (20 torr, 1000°C, 100 sccm CH 4 , 200 sccm H 2 , 200 sccm Ar), then functionalized with 1-pyrenebutyric acid by drop casting, and coated with multi-walled carbon nanotubes by drop casting after functionalization.…”

Section: ¹2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Carbon Nanotube/graphene Composites by Chemical Vapor Deposition for Electrodes of Solid Capacitors

Lin

2016

Electrochemistry

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To control the packing surface density of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and the defects and numbers of graphene layers, graphene is grown on nickel foil by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) with different time periods and flow rates of methane. CNTs are then grown on the cobalt-coated (by sputtering of Co with different time) graphene/nickel foil prepared by CVD. Longer sputtering time for cobalt leads to lower capacitance of carbon nanotube/graphene composites. Furthermore, shorter growing time of graphene results in higher capacitance of carbon nanotube/ graphene composites. Higher flow rates of methane for CVD lead to higher capacitance of carbon nanotube/ graphene composites.

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“…The interlinked architecture not only shortens transport distances for ions in the well-interconnected wall structure, but also provides a continuous pathway endowing for the fast electron transport. [40] Moreover, the structural interconnectivities guarantee higher electrical conductivity and better mechanical stability. [36,41] Thereby, the design and fabrication of various 3D carbonbased nanostructures, including carbon nanotube networks, graphene gels, graphene foams, and 3D CNFs, have been intensively investigated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Macroscopic‐Scale Three‐Dimensional Carbon Nanofiber Architectures for Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices

Chen

Feng

Liang

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

162

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Therefore, it is necessary to develop highperformance energy storage devices for facilitating the effective utilization of intermittent renewable energy sources. [7][8][9] Among varieties of electrochemical energy storage devices, supercapacitors (known as electrochemical capacitors) [10,11] and some rechargeable batteries (lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), lithiumsulfur (Li-S) batteries, and metal-O 2 batteries) [12][13][14][15] are at the frontier, because they can transport high power and store high energy. Nowadays, they play an indispensable role in our daily life by powering numerous portable electronic devices (e.g., cell phones and laptops), hybrid electric vehicles, and large-scale electrical grids. [16][17][18][19] It is well accepted that the performance of energy storage devices mainly depended on their electrode materials. [20,21] Owing to the advantages of large surface area, light weight, good electrical conductivity, and high thermal/ chemical stability, carbon materials have been considered as the most important electrode materials of supercapacitors and rechargeable batteries [8,20,21] Hence, various nanostructured carbons, such as carbon/graphene quantum dots, [22,23] carbon nanofiber (CNFs), [16,24] carbon nanotubes (CNTs), [13,25] graphene [26][27][28][29][30][31][32] carbon nanosheets, [33,34] 3D carbon nanostructures, [35][36][37] and porous carbon, [38,39] have gained great attention. Among these materials, 3D carbon nanomaterials have some advantages. The interlinked architecture not only shortens transport distances for ions in the well-interconnected wall structure, but also provides a continuous pathway endowing for the fast electron transport. [40] Moreover, the structural interconnectivities guarantee higher electrical conductivity and better mechanical stability. [36,41] Thereby, the design and fabrication of various 3D carbonbased nanostructures, including carbon nanotube networks, graphene gels, graphene foams, and 3D CNFs, have been intensively investigated.Over the past few years, there are many reviews summarizing the progress of fabricating 3D carbon-based nanomaterials. For example, Schneider et al. overviewed the recent advance in the synthesis of 3D arranged carbon nanotube architectures. [42] Li et al. reviewed the carbon-based 3D nanostructures for supercapacitors. [36] Cao and Gui et al. comprehensively reviewed the recent progress in synthesis, properties, and energy applications of CNT sponges, aerogels, and hierarchical composites. [43] The development of high-performance electrochemical energy storage devices is critical for addressing energy crises and environmental pollution.

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Nanographene-Constructed Carbon Nanofibers Grown on Graphene Sheets by Chemical Vapor Deposition: High-Performance Anode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries

Cited by 279 publications

References 56 publications

Critical Insight into the Relentless Progression Toward Graphene and Graphene‐Containing Materials for Lithium‐Ion Battery Anodes

Critical Insight into the Relentless Progression Toward Graphene and Graphene‐Containing Materials for Lithium‐Ion Battery Anodes

Synthesis of Carbon Nanotube/graphene Composites by Chemical Vapor Deposition for Electrodes of Solid Capacitors

Macroscopic‐Scale Three‐Dimensional Carbon Nanofiber Architectures for Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices

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