Low back pain (LBP) is one of the occupational diseases caused by non-ergonomic conditions. The global point prevalence of LBP which limits activity in 2015 was 7.3%. This figure shows that in one time there were 540 million people who experienced LBP. As many as 90% of cases of low back pain are not caused by organic abnormalities but by errors in body position at work. Risk factors that have the potential to cause complaints include age, gender, Body Mass Index (BMI), smoking habits, work period, poor work posture, and standing or sitting too long. This study aims to determine the relationship between duration of sitting and risk of work posture with the level of LBP complaints in Jember University library employees. The type of research used was analytic observational with cross sectional study design. The sampling technique is done by total sampling. The research samples were University Library staff in Jember who experienced LBP complaints and in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria of this study. The sample size was 22 respondents. The instruments of this study were respondent characteristics questionnaire sheets, LBP screening sheets, and Modified Quick Exposure Check (QEC) assessment sheets. Bivariate analysis using the gamma correlation test. The results of the bivariate analysis between duration of sitting and LBP complaint rates obtained p = 0.827. The results of the bivariate analysis between the risk of work posture and LBP complaints were obtained p = 0.916. The two results of the analysis indicate that there is no significant relationship between the duration of sitting and the risk of work posture with the level of LBP complaints in Jember University library employees. Keywords: low back pain, duration of sitting, work posture, library staff
Abstract Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is the highest malignancy in the head and neck regio. The cause of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is unknown, but there are several risk factors that can trigger nasopharyngeal carcinoma which include age, gender, genetics, occupation, geographical location, consumption of salted fish, consumption of grilled fish / grilled meat, consumption of canned foods and smoking. This study aims to determine the risk factors that influence the incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The type of this study is a obervasional analysis with a case control design carried out on 40 samples that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The instrument of this research is in the form of medical record recapitulation and structured interviews. The bivariate test results were age (p=0.043), sex (p=1,000), genetics (p=0.044), occupation (p=0.740), geographical location (p= 1,000), consumption of salted fish (p = 0.004) , consumption of grilled fish / grilled meat (p=0.007), consumption of canned foods (p = 0.106) and smoking (p = 0.527). The multivariate test results were the consumption of salted fish with a value (p = 0.004), consumption of salted fish / grilled meat (p = 0.023), genetic (p = 0.062), and age (p = 0.264). The conclusion of this study is the consumption of salted fish, consumption of grilled fish / grilled meat, genetics and age have a significant relationship with the event of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and the most influential relationship is the consumption of salted fish. Keywords: nasopharyngeal carcinoma, risk factor, dr. Soebandi hospital
Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) or what is known as congek by the local communities, is an ear disease that often occurs in developing countries. Chronic middle ear infection is accompanied by perforation of the tympanic membrane and fluid in the form of watery, clear, thick, even pus that comes out continuously or occurs for 2 months or more. The purpose of this riset was to analyze the relationship between the area of tympanic membrane perforation and hearing threshold value of CSOM patients at RSU Kaliwates Jember. This research is an observational analytic study with a cross sectional approach using secondary data recorded in the medical records of Kaliwates Hospital for 2019-2020. Data analysis using IBM SPSS Pearson test. This study used 15 ears from 12 CSOM patients obtained by a total sampling methode according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. From the analysis, it was found that there was a positive relationship between the area of the tympanic membrane perforation and hearing threshold value (p-value = 0.004) and had a strong degree of correlation (correlation coefficient value was 0.654).
Non Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAID) have been implicated in the etiology of gastritis. Mefenamic acid is a non-selective NSAID used to treat mild to moderate pain and inflammation. Mefenamic acid induces gastritis through its inhibition of prostaglandin that results in increased HCl secretion, decreased mucin, and bicarbonate ion production. This study aimed to investigate the gastroprotective effect of onion peel extract (OPE) against mefenamic acid-induced gastritis. In this study, the gastroprotective effect of OPE was examined through mucosal integrity scoring. A total of 28 male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups, normal (Group 1), mefenamic acid+NaCMC 0,5% (Group 2), mefenamic acid+OPE 600mg/kg body weight (Group 3), and mefenamic acid+OPE 1200mg/kg body weight (Group 4). All rats were sacrificed on day 15 then all gasters were collected. Histopathological examination was done under a microscope with 100X magnification. Administration of mefenamic acid without OPE at all significantly increased gastric mucosal damage (p<0,05). Administration of OPE 1200mg/kg body weight significantly decreased gastric mucosal damage (p<0,05). Group 4 shows no significant difference (p=0,66) with the normal group (Group 1). This indicates that administration of OPE 1200mg/kg body weight per oral ameliorates mefenamic acid-induced gastritis.
Diazinon has a hepatotoxic effect since it is metabolized in the liver involving Kupffer cells (KCs) activation, increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS). The flavonoids contained in shallot (Allium cepa L.) skin act as antioxidants neutralizing oxidative stress. This study aims to determine the effect of shallot skin ethanol extract (SSEE) on liver MDA level and activated KCs histopathology. The total flavonoids level of SSEE was measured using the aluminum chloride colorimetric method and resulted in 228.1 mg QE/g. Rats were divided into normal, diazinon, and SSEE groups. Diazinon was administered at a dose of 40 mg/kg b.w. for 7 days, followed by SSEE at the dose of 600, 900, and 1,200 mg/kg b.w. for 7 days. Liver malondialdehyde (MDA) level was measured using the MDA-TBA method. The results revealed that diazinon increased liver MDA level (p <0.05), while SSEE at doses of 900 and 1,200 mg/kg b.w. decreased liver MDA level equal to normal (p>0.05). Activated KCs in the SSEE group at a dose of 1,200 mg/kg b.w. was impressively equal to the normal group. In conclusion, SSEE at dose of 1,200 mg/kg b.w. neutralize liver oxidative stress due to diazinon indicated by the decrease of liver MDA level and activated KCs equal to normal.Keywords: antioxidant, diazinon, Kupffer cell, liver, MDA, shallotCorrespondence: rosita.fk@unej.ac.id
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