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ABSTRACT Passion fruit productivity in the state of Acre is lower than the national average, influenced by several factors, among them water stress in rainfed cultivation. Thus, aiming at alternatives for the drought period, this study aimed to evaluate the economic profitability of the use of tall seedlings and long root system in the cultivation of organic yellow passion fruit. Five root lengths were evaluated: 25 cm; 50 cm; 75 cm; 100 cm and 125 cm in a randomized block design, with four blocks and four plants per plot. The experiment was carried out in the municipality of Rio Branco, state of Acre, at the “Seridó” Ecological Site from November 2015 to July 2017. For economic analysis, all fixed and varied costs such as seed production, orchard planting, crop management, phytosanitary control, harvesting and capital depreciation were considered. Analysis of variance and regression analysis were performed for productivity and economic indicators. Plants with root system with estimated length of 1.14 m promote higher fruit yield (7,613 kg ha-1), net revenue of R$ 17,665.44 ha-1, benefit/cost ratio of 2.5, profitability of 177.5%, remunerating the family labor with R$ 211.75 day-1. However, all treatments proved to be profitable.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar tamanhos de recipientes no crescimento de mudas de maracujazeiro-amarelo de raiz longa produzido em sistema orgânico. O experimento foi realizado no período de agosto de 2016 a janeiro de 2017 no Sítio Ecológico Seridó em Rio Branco, Acre. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos, quatro repetições com três plantas por parcela. Os tratamentos constituíram-se de tubos de PVC de 75 mm de diâmetro com tamanhos de: 25 cm; 50 cm, 75 cm; 100 cm e 125 cm. Foi utilizado substrato alternativo com condicionador ouricurí. Após 148 dias da semeadura foram avaliadas as seguintes características: altura, diâmetro do colo, massa seca da parte aérea, de raiz e total. As mudas de maracujazeiro-amarelo crescem linearmente em função do tamanho do recipiente e volume de substrato. A utilização de recipientes de 125 cm promovem a obtenção de mudas com maior qualidade em relação aos recipientes menores.

<p>Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de condicionadores de substrato na qualidade da muda e produtividade de couve manteiga cv. Geórgia. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos constaram de substratos orgânicos contendo os seguintes condicionadores: Casca de arroz carbonizada; Fibra casca de coco; Composto orgânico puro; Estipe de palmeira ouricurí picado; Caule decomposto de sumaúma e Substrato comercial, que foi utilizado como tratamento controle . Foi instalado um experimento em viveiro e outro em campo, ambos em delineamento de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições, sendo a unidade experimental de 10 mudas no viveiro e 08 plantas em campo, foi realizado no período de março a julho de 2013 no Sítio Ecológico Seridó em Rio Branco, AC. Avaliou-se aos 30 dias após a semeadura o índice de qualidade de muda, a massa seca da parte aérea e raiz das mudas de couve, e no experimento à campo, aos 70 dias após o transplantio avaliou-se a massa seca da parte aérea, massa fresca comercial, produtividade, massa média de folha fresca e número de folha por planta. Substratos contendo composto orgânico puro ou condicionadores de casca de arroz carbonizada, fibra de coco ou estipe de palmeira produzem mudas com qualidade superior. Porém, a inferioridade das mudas produzidas com substrato de caule decomposto de sumaúma não diminui a produtividade da couve.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Alternative substrate conditioners in seedling quality and yield of kale</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>Objective was to evaluate the effect of substrate conditioners in the quality of seedling and productivity of kale cv. Geórgia. The experimental design was randomized blocks with six treatments and four replications. Treatments consisted of the organic substrates: carbonized rice husk, coconut shell fiber, organic compost, chopped palm stipe, decomposed kapok stem and commercial substrate, used as control treatment. An experiment was carried out in a greenhouse and another in the field, the both following the randomized blocks design, with four replications, and the experimental unit of 10 seedlings in the greenhouse and eight plants in the field, from March to July 2013, in Sítio Ecológico Seridó in Rio Branco, Acre State, Brazil. Was evaluated at 30 days after sowing the seedling quality index, dry mass of shoots and roots of kale, and in experiment of field, 70 days after transplanting to the evaluated the dry mass of the aerial part, commercial fresh weight, yield, mass fresh leaf and number of leaves per plant. The substrate containing organic compost or conditioner of carbonized rice husk, coconut shell fiber or chopped palm stipe produced seedlings with the highest quality. However, the inferiority of seedlings produced with decomposed kapok stem substrate does not reduce productivity of kale.<strong></strong></p>

Studies related to adaptation to the environment and different conditions of water availability contribute to decision-making regarding the management of any crop to be implanted. Accordingly, this work aimed to evaluate the yield and quality of organic yellow passion fruit cultivated in a long root system in dryland conditions. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with five treatments and four replications with four plants each. The treatments consisted of the alteration of the length of the root system, namely: T1 = 25 cm; T2 = 50 cm; T3 = 75 cm; T4 = 100 cm; and T5 = 125 cm. At 120 days after emergence (DAE), the seedlings were transplanted to the field and the following variables were evaluated: plant height (cm) and base diameter (mm) at 120 DAE; total titratable acidity (TTA), total soluble solids (TSS), Ratio (TSS/TTA); and fruit yield. The cultivation of tall seedlings with a long root system provides the maintenance of production during the dry season. The TTA, TSS, and the ratio do not change when modifying the length of the root system, although they do change with the harvest season. The cultivation of passion fruit in an organic system using plants with a long root system with an estimated length of 114 cm provides a higher fruit yield (7,472 kg ha-1) in 22 months of cultivation.

The use of organic fertilizers can improve the chemical, physical, and biological properties of the soil, with their use implying low environmental impact. This study aimed to evaluate the yield and quality of yellow passion fruit grown in an organic system associated with irrigation and input levels. A randomized complete block design in a 3x2 factorial arrangement with four replications was adopted. The factors evaluated were: three input levels (fertilizers and alternative pesticides) and the presence or absence of irrigation. Fertilization consisted of the application of 5, 10, and 15 liters of organic compost per plant and 500, 1,000, and 1,500 g of lime per plant, corresponding to input levels 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Topdressing fertilization was split into two applications, corresponding to 118, 235, and 353 g per plant of thermophosphate and 59.1, 118.20, and 176.40 g per plant of potassium sulfate for levels 1, 2, and 3 of input application, respectively. The alternative pesticides were sprayed every 30, 15, and 7 days for levels 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The number of fruits per plant and the yield increased using the input level 3 associated with irrigation. In the absence of irrigation, input levels 2 and 3 increased the content of soluble solids. The titratable acidity, TSS/TTA ratio, and the fruits classified as extra did not differ significantly between treatments. Input levels 1 and 2 associated with the absence of irrigation increased the percentage of fruits classified as commercial.

The yellow passion fruit presents a high nutritional demand, and successive cultivations in the same area lead the soil to nutritional exhaustion, creating the need for restitution through fertilizers. In the context of organic managements, alternatives must be sought, which, besides improving soil fertility, can increase the contents of soil organic matter. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the effect of organic basal fertilization in passion fruit cultivation on the chemical properties of the soil and nutrient contents of the plant. Two experiments were performed in two rural properties, with soils presenting sandy-loam and clay-loam texture. The experimental design was in randomized blocks (RBD), with 5 treatments and 4 blocks. The treatments consisted of the application of organic compost in different planting hole diameters: 0.4 m; 0.8 m; 1.2 m; 1.6 m, and 2.0 m, and their respective volumes of organic compost: 0.0007 m³; 0.03 m³; 0.06 m³, 0.10 m³; 0.16 m³. The chemical characteristics of the soil and the foliar content of nutrients were evaluated. Soil texture interferes with the effects of organic fertilization. Regardless of the texture, fertilization increases the contents of organic matter and P in the soil. The successive organic cultivation in a sandy-loam soil increases the content of P and provides higher foliar contents of N, P, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Zn, and Na.

This research aimed to evaluate the effect of doses of organic compost on the yield and economic profitability of organic yellow passion fruit grown in sandy-loam and clay-loam soils. Two experiments were installed in the field, in different soil types and municipalities in the state of Acre. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with five treatments, four replications, and four plants per experimental unit. The treatments consisted of adding the compost as a replacement for 1/3 of the volume of cylindrical planting holes with 40 cm, 80 cm, 120 cm, 160 cm, and 200 cm, corresponding to the addition of 6.3; 25.1; 56.5; 100.4, and 156.9 liters per planting hole, respectively. The mean fruit mass and the yield of the yellow passion fruit were higher in sandy-loam soil. The total revenue was R$ 4,311.6 ha-1 in the clayey soil and R$ 5,841.9 ha-1 in the sandy soil. The total cost was higher in the clayey soil than in sandy soil. Both soils responded in quadratic function with an increase in the cost as the volume of organic compost was increased, ranging from R$ 12,736.00 ha-1 with 6.3 liters of compost per hole up to R$ 26,249.63 ha-1 with 156.9 liters of compost per hole. Net income was negative for all compost volumes in both types of soil, responding linearly, with a reduction in revenue of R$ 80.82 ha-1 with the addition of each liter of compost in the pit due to the low yield caused by period long drought.