Abstract. Dewi N, Wijayanto N, Gusmaini. 2017 (iii) analyze the growth of meniran in monoculture and agroforestry systems. The result showed that leaf and twigs litter of A. excelsa did not have negative allelopathic effect for the growth of P. urinaria and P. debilis. Agroforestry system did not give significant effect to the growth of A. excelsa . Agroforestry systems reduced the growth of both P. urinaria and P. debilis due to light deficiency.
Agroforestry is a critical component of providing primary habitat for birds. Meru Betiri National Park (MBNP) establishes a diverse array of ecologically and economically significant trees while allowing local residents to farm beneath them, resulting in the formation of a complex agroforestry system. The purpose of this study is to examine bird communities and their tree-species preferences across tree height levels in MBNP's traditional agroforestry system. For vegetation analysis, we used the circle method, and for bird data collection, we used the point count method in a single circle approach. For both vegetation and bird communities, the ecological indices (the important value index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Margalef species richness index, and evenness index) were calculated. Birds' ecological roles and activity preferences were analyzed using principal component analysis and presented in stratified tree height levels. The results indicated that insectivores’ birds are the primary insect predators in the traditional MBNP agroforestry system (11 out of 16 bird families). Artocarpus heterophyllus was the most frequently visited tree species out of seven, which may have significant ecological value (for bird diversity) and economic benefits (for avitourism). Finally, one can deduce that the majority of bird activity occurs between 4 and 20 meters above the ground.
Desa Balletbaru Kecamatan Sukowono Kabupaten Jember adalah desa yang memiliki potensi besar baik di bidang pertanian maupun peternakan. Pada umumnya masyarakat di desa tersebut masih tergantung pada pemanfaatan pakan ternak hijuan yaitu rumput dan limbah pertanian. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah mengenalkan Azolla sebagai alternatif pakan dan bahan pupuk bio-organik kepada masyarakat serta memberikan pelatihan budidaya sehingga terbentuknya suatu kelompok usaha di Desa Balletbaru, Kecamatan Sukowono. Rangkaian kegiatan yang dilakukan meliputi sosialisasi kegiatan, penyuluhan pentingnya Azolla dan manfaatnya sebagai pakan ternak dan pupuk bio-organik, praktek pembuatan kolam dan cara budidaya, monitoring perkembangan Azolla, pemanenan, praktek pembuatan pupuk, serta inisiasi pemasaran Azolla melalui media sosial. Luaran dari program ini diantaranya transfer teknologi tentang Budidaya Azolla sebagai pakan alternatif bernutrisi tinggi dan sebagai pupuk bio-organik, petunjuk/manual yang berisi tentang cara budidaya dan pemanfaatan Azolla sebagai pakan ternak dan pupuk bio-organik, petunjuk/ manual analisis usaha budidaya Azolla, serta hasil produksi ternak yang semakin optimal sehingga menjadi salah satu sumber ekonomi yang dapat meningkatkan penghasilan dan kesejahterahan masyarakat mitra pengabdian dan sekitarnya.
Meniran herb (Phyllanthus niruri L.) is a plant that has been scientifically proven to have activity as a natural immunomodulator. The effectiveness of natural immunomodulators from meniran herbs can be improved by formulating the ethanolic extract of meniran herbs into syrup preparations. This research was conducted to find out that the herbal extracts obtained had fulfilled the parameters of extract quality standards so that they could be formulated into pharmaceutical products. Standardization of herbal extracts includes testing of moisture content, testing of total ash content, testing of acid-soluble ash content, and testing of total flavonoid levels. Ethanol extract of Meniran herbs was obtained by maceration using 95% ethanol. Testing the extract moisture content produced extracts with a moisture content of 7.295%. Total ash content was 3%, acid insoluble ash content was 1.2% and total flavonoid content was 3.15%. Keywords: formulation, immunity, syrup, Phyllanthus niruri L.
Agroecosystem landscapes have been studied extensively and it is known that there is a relationship between the spatial structure and the ecological processes. The composition of arthropods in the agroecosystem shows population differences that are closely related to the location. This study aims to isolate and analyze the interactions of arthropods and landscape structures and features of different agroecosystems landscapes in Kemiri, Jember, Indonesia. The plot method (20x20 m and 1x1 m dimension) was carried out to observe seedling, sapling, and tree (seedling h = 0-1.5 m, sapling h ≥ 1.5 m, tree D > 20 cm). The trees' species name, distance, number, and DBH were collected. Arthropods were sampled using PFT and SN methods. A vial (d=5 cm) was used for PFT, and SN was applied at a distance of 1x10 meters with 3 repetitions. Plants with the role of weeds in monoculture dominate (TA=45). Drosophilidae is the most recorded family in monoculture. Polyculture and agroforestry systems increased the diversity of arthropods in the vegetation, and Formicidae predominated by PFT (TA=28% and 81%, respectively). PCA shows the role of detrivores is mostly found in agroforestry, and herbivores dominate the monoculture. CCA shows that detrivore association in agroforestry is influenced by humidity, and herbivores are particularly interested in monoculture systems that provide high light, temperature, and wind intensity. Keywords: Agroforestry, Arthropods, Effects, Monoculture, Polyculture
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