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Nanocrystalline materials are now gaining vast interest due to their outstanding physical, mechanical and chemical properties. Electrodeposition is an economical, reliable and viable technique in producing nanostructured materials as compared to other available methods. Recently, due to the high potential of nanocrystalline materials in anti-wear and corrosion resistance coating applications, the interest to develop better nanostructured materials as well as to improve the understanding of their corrosion behaviour has gained much attention. However, studies on the corrosion behaviour of electrodeposited nanocrystalline materials are rather limited. Hence, the corrosion performance of nanostructured materials in various electrochemical conditions will be addressed here. This review will provide a survey of existing literature on corrosion behaviour of electrodeposited nanostructured pure metals and its alloys as well as composites.

The development of environmentally benign silicone composites from sugar palm fibre and silicone rubber was carried out in this study. The mechanical, physical, and morphological properties of the composites with sugar palm (SP) filler contents ranging from 0% to 16% by weight (wt%) were investigated. Based on the uniaxial tensile tests, it was found that the increment in filler content led to higher stiffness. Via dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), the viscoelastic properties of the silicone biocomposite showed that the storage modulus and loss modulus increased with the increment in filler content. The physical properties also revealed that the density and moisture absorption rate increased as the filler content increased. Inversely, the swelling effect of the highest filler content (16 wt%) revealed that its swelling ratio possessed the lowest rate as compared to the lower filler addition and pure silicone rubber. The morphological analysis via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the sugar palm filler was evenly dispersed and no agglomeration could be seen. Thus, it can be concluded that the addition of sugar palm filler enhanced the stiffness property of silicone rubber. These new findings could contribute positively to the employment of natural fibres as reinforcements for greener biocomposite materials.

Boronizing is a method to increase the surface hardness of engineering components [1]. This is beneficial especially when the components are always in surface contact with other materials. In this study, boronizing treatment was successfully done on duplex stainless steel (DSS). Two types of DSS with different microstructure were boronized – the as-received DSS and the fine grain DSS. The morphology of boride layer formed on boronized DSS is compact and smooth. The boride layer thickness for both DSS ranged from 9 to 32 +m. Depending on boronizing time and temperature, the hardness of boronized fine grain DSS is between 1014 HV to 2601 HV. The values are higher than that of the as-received DSS which is between 797 HV to 2311 HV. The result shows that there is a different in hardness of boride layer for two different grain sizes of DSS although the layer thickness formed is about the same in depth.