This study aimed to assess grade 10 Turkish students' and science teachers' conceptions of nature of science (NOS) and whether these conceptions were related to selected variables. These variables included participants' gender, geographical region, and the socioeconomic status (SES) of their city and region; teacher disciplinary background, years of teaching experience, graduate degree, and type of teacher training program; and student household SES and parents' educational level. A stratified sampling approach was used to generate a representative national sample comprising 2,087 students and 378 science teachers. After establishing their validity in the Turkish context, participants were administered a questionnaire comprising 14 modified ''Views on Science-Technology-Society'' (VOSTS) items to assess their views of certain aspects of NOS. A total of 2,020 students (97%) and 362 teachers (96%) completed the questionnaire. Participant responses were categorized as ''naïve,'' ''have merit,'' or ''informed,'' and the frequency distributions for these responses were compared for various groupings of participants. The majority of participants held naïve views of a majority of the target NOS aspects. Teacher views were mostly similar to those of their students. Teacher and student views of some NOS aspects were related to some of the target variables. These included teacher graduate degree and geographical region, and student household SES, parent education, and SES of their city and geographical region. The relationship between student NOS views and enhanced economic and educational capitals of their households, as well as the SES status of their cities and geographical regions point to significant cultural (specifically Western) and intellectual underpinnings of understandings about NOS. ß

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Background: This study describes how teachers' nature of science (NOS) views changed throughout an innovative Continuing Professional Development (CPD) program that provided sustained support throughout the process in a collaborative and reflective environment and activities that are consistent with the current curriculum and NOS tenets integrated within. Eighteen in-service science teachers enrolled in a yearlong nature of science, Continuing Professional Development (NOS-CPD) program. Data were collected by pre/post-interviews using the Views of Nature of ScienceForm C (VNOS-C) questionnaire, and a post-interview using an open-ended questionnaire developed by researchers to uncover teacher reactions to the NOS-CPD program. Results: The results indicated that the NOS-CPD program improved the teachers' NOS views more effectively than previously reported short-term teacher development programs, and thus, the findings should be useful for future studies in support of the professional development of teachers. Conclusions: The article concludes with practical advice for implementing NOS-focused, in-service teacher development programs.

El pensamiento creativo es una habilidad de los seres humanos que se puede desarrollar a través de la educación con material de aprendizaje y enseñanza apropiados. El pensamiento creativo es clave para adaptarse a unas condiciones de vida que cambian rápidamente y para producir soluciones creativas a todo tipo de los problemas de toda clase, y especialmente en el campo de la ciencia y la tecnología. El objetivo de este estudio es mejorar el pensamiento creativo de los estudiantes maestros turcos de ciencias en formación turcos para ser docentes de ciencias a través del aprendizaje basado en problemas (ABP) y el enfoque de la historia de la ciencia (HDC). El diseño cuasi-experimental tiene dos grupos experimentales, uno en la condición de aprendizaje abp y el otro grupo en el aprendizaje hdc, ambos de manera explícita y reflexiva con intervenciones que duraron dos semestres con un total de 72 maestros en formación estudiantes de tercer año  para ser maestros (8 hombres y 64 mujeres), que completaron el cuestionario de pensamiento creativo de Torrance como instrumento de recolección de datos y después se evaluaron las actuaciones de los dos grupos. Los resultados indican que el enfoque ABP fue más efectivo que el enfoque HDC para aumentar el pensamiento creativo y el interés de los estudiantes para maestros en la creatividad. Finalmente, se discuten las implicaciones de estos resultados para mejorar la creatividad de los maestros en formación inicial.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, doğrudan-yansıtıcı yaklaşım ile bilimin doğası öğretiminde öğretmenlerin kullandıkları söylem desenleri ve iletişim yaklaşımlarının belirlenmesidir. Araştırma uzun sureli mesleki gelişim programı ile öğretmenlerin bilimin doğası öğretimi açısından sınıf içi uygulamalarını desteklemeyi amaçlayan bir araştırma projesi kapsamında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın amacı doğrultusunda sınıf içi söylem desenleri ve iletişim yaklaşımlarını belirlemek için söylem analizi kullanılmıştır. Analizler için projeye katılan 22 öğretmenden 8'inin sınıf içi sesli ve görüntülü ders kayıtları kullanılmıştır. Bu kayıtlar içerisinden öğretmen ve öğrencilerin diyaloglarının bulunduğu toplam 507 dakikalık diyaloglar analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, öğretmenlerin doğrudan-yansıtıcı yaklaşım ile bilimin doğasının öğretiminde 3 farklı söylem deseni (Üçlü, Zincir, Bitişik sözce) ve 3 farklı iletişim yaklaşımı (Etkileşimli ve Diyaloglu, Etkileşimli ve Otoriter, Etkileşimli Olmayan ve Otoriter) kullandığı belirlenmiştir. Söylem desenleri acısından en çok kullanılan desenin üçlü desen (başlatma-yanıtlama-değerlendirme), iletişim yaklaşımları acısından ise etkileşimli ve otoriter yaklaşım olduğu görülmüştür. Bu çalışmadaki analiz türleri ve bulgular bilimin doğası öğretiminde doğrudan-yansıtıcı yaklaşımının daha etkili kullanılması açısından literatüre katkı sağlayacaktır.

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In 2016, the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) showed that approximately 44.4% of students in Turkey obtained very low grades when their scientific knowledge was evaluated. In addition, the vast majority of students were shown to have no knowledge of basic scientific terms or concepts. Science teachers play a significant role in facilitating students' understanding of science, conceptions of scientific inquiry (SI) and the nature of science (NOS), and the transfer of those conceptions into classroom practice. Therefore, in this paper, I present my experiences of blending problem-based learning (PBL) and the history of science (HOS) with technological approaches. The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of this innovative approach in improving pre-service science teachers' SI views. The Views about Scientific Inquiry (VASI) questionnaire was used as a data collection tool . The findings showed that most of the views of pre-service science teachers improved for all SI items except "Consistent with data collected." The results also indicated that the teachers that used these approaches were able to overcome initial barriers in preparing lesson plans for teaching science and SI.

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