The aim of the studyThe aim of the study was to investigate the serum pro-inflammatory cytokine profile in patients with diagnosed endometriosis.Material and methodsThe study included 160 women, who were divided in two study groups (Group I – endometriosis; Group 2 – healthy). We evaluated the serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, and IL-12, and of tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) with the use of Human Multiplex Cytokine Panels.ResultsThe serum level of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α is significantly higher in women with endometriosis compared to women free of disease, from the control group (mean 10.777, 183.027, and 131.326, respectively, compared to 3.039, 70.043, and 75.285, respectively; p = 0.002, p < 0.001, and p = 0.015, respectively). No significant differences in the serum levels of IL-5 and IL-12 were observed between the studied groups, and IL-7 had a very low detection rate.ConclusionsWomen with endometriosis have elevated levels of key pro-inflammatory cytokines, i.e. IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. At the same time, IL-1β and IL-6 could be used as predictors for endometriosis.

Perimenopause has a variable length and time of onset and is characterized by its variability in hormonal levels. The histological changes in the perimenopausal endometrium may be represented by nonproliferative or proliferative benign or malignant lesions. A commonly encountered manifestation of endometrium lesions during menopausal transition is the abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). The clinical management of AUB must follow a standardized classification system for optimal results. The medical and surgical treatment must be adapted according to age, risk factors, symptoms, and cycle irregularities. Use of alternative therapies and proper diet may result in improved long-term outcomes.

SUMMARYSmoking during pregnancy is causally associated with reduced birth weight and is strongly related to preterm birth. Smoking cessation in early pregnancy seems to reduce these risks, although the research evidence is limited. In a sample of Romanian women, differences in birth outcomes were assessed between non-smokers and women who continued to smoke during pregnancy and non-smokers and women who stopped smoking when they found out about the pregnancy. Pregnant women were recruited in two urban clinics (N = 474). A baseline questionnaire collected information on their smoking status, depressive symptoms, stress, demographics, and other characteristics at recruitment. The women reported the newborn weight and birth term by phone in the first weeks following birth. Descriptive statistics and multivariate regressions were used to analyze the relationship between smoking status during pregnancy and birth outcomes. Over 61% (N = 290) women were non-smokers, 15% (N = 72) smoked during pregnancy, and 24% (N = 112) quit smoking when they found out about the pregnancy. Compared to non-smokers, continuous smokers delivered babies 165 grams lighter (95% CI −313, −17). Women who stopped smoking when they ascertained the pregnancy had higher odds of delivering a newborn who was small for gestational age compared to non-smokers (OR = 2.16, 95% CI 1.05, 4.43). Elevated maternal stress was associated with reduced birth weight (−113 grams, 95% CI −213, −11), and higher odds of a preterm birth (OR = 2.8, 95% CI 1.17, 6.76). In a predominantly urban sample of Romanian women, continuous maternal smoking during pregnancy was a risk factor for restricted foetal growth. Smoking cessation when the pregnancy was ascertained did not seem to reduce this risk. Smoking prevention efforts should therefore begin before pregnancy and should integrate psychological components, addressing maternal stress in particular.

outcome were significantly increased in infants with abnormal S/D ratio (P < 0.001). When logistic regression analysis was performed after adjusting for gestational age, the odds ratio for poor perinatal outcome was 3.7 in the group showing abnormal S/D ratio (95% confidence interval 1.42-9.54, P = 0.007). Conclusion: Umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry is shown as a significantly efficient method in predicting perinatal outcome in preterm neonates with small-for-gestational age, and it may be useful in managing preterm patients with small-for-gestational age fetuses.Objectives: To show the role of umbilical artery Doppler examination in the evaluation of fetal growth potential and the quantification of various IUGR forms. Material and methods: The study included 116 single pregnancies with suspicion of IUGR following conventional ultrasound (IUGRE). The patients underwent fetal umbilical artery Doppler examination, measuring the RI value. The pregnant women were assigned to two groups: 54 hypertensive pregnancies and 62 non-hypertensive pregnancies. Results: At birth, there were 80 (68.9%) newborns with a weight deficit. The results obtained in non-hypertensive patients: the incidence of fetal weight deficit at birth was 51.6% (12.9% the moderate form, 38.7% the severe form). The reliability of umbilical Doppler examination was Se =68.7%, Sp =93.3%, PPV =91.6%, NPV =73.6%. The results obtained in hypertensive patients: the incidence of fetal weight deficit at birth was 88.8% (25.9% the moderate form and 62.9% the severe form). The reliability of umbilical Doppler examination in the evaluation of fetal growth disorders was Se = 66.6%, Sp = 100%, PPV = 100%, NPV = 27.2%. A 15.5% error percent (8.6% false negative results and 6.9% false positive results) was obtained. Conclusions:In the presence of an ultrasound suspicion of IUGR, an abnormal umbilical RI value allows to confirm the alteration of fetal growth potential. A normal RI value in the context of IUGRE has a different significance depending on the presence or the absence of hypertension. P46.08 Blood flow in pregnancies complicated with IUGR

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of in utero stem cell transplantation of human umbilical cord blood stem cells in fetal sheep and to compare two different techniques of in utero transplantation, namely ultrasound-guided in utero transplantation and in utero transplantation after midline celiotomy. Study design: Umbilical cord blood units were collected from term deliveries, after obtaining written informed consent. Human cord blood–derived, CD34+ stem cells were injected into the peritoneal cavity of 60- to 65-day-old ovine fetuses by using 2 different techniques: ultrasound-guided transabdominal percutaneous needle puncture and midline celiotomy with the exposure of the pregnant uterus. Engraftment was determined after birth by flow cytometry with use of human-specific anti-CD 34/45 antibodies. Results: We obtained a total of 3 chimeric lambs. Using the midline celiotomy technique the fetal loss rate was 75% and only 33,3% when using ultrasound-guided transabdominal percutaneous needle puncture technique. Engraftment of donor cells was found in all fetuses, with a mean level of 1.4% in fetal peripheral blood and 3.3% in fetal bone marrow. Conclusion: This preliminary study indicates that in utero stem cell transplantation of human hematopoietic cord blood stem cells in fetal lambs is feasible and effective in terms of hematopoietic engraftment. We also concluded that the ultrasound-guided transabdominal percutaneous needle puncture technique is more effective than performing a midline celiotomy in terms of fetal loss rate.

The article presents the evaluation of radiological changes of the chest in children with COVID-19 infection correlated with age. The study sample includes the following periods February-May 2021 and is divided into 5 groups, with the age: 0-1 month, 1-12 months, 1-3 years, 3-7 years,> 7 years. Radiological changes were analyzed in children with Covid-19 infection during the onset and condition, more frequently is detected the interstitial inflammation ”ground-glass opacity”. It has a frequency of about 60% in all study groups, with maximum enrollment in children up to one year 66.7%: 95% CI, 34.9-90.1 and in preschool children 57.1%: 95 % Cl, 38.6-90.9, χ2 = 0.9, p> 0.05. The study did not plan to evaluate postCOVID changes remotely to find more serious complications in these children.