A three phase synchronization system suitable for control and monitoring of power systems applications is presented. The Positive Sequence Filter Synchronization System (PSF-SS) is frequency adaptive and provides real time frequency, amplitude and phase estimates of the extracted positive sequence component. The PSF-SS is capable of operating over a wide range of frequencies (40-800Hz), and in the presence of significant input signal distortion (THD≤100%). The PSF-SS is capable of achieving parameter estimations within 0.5% of the nominal value for worst case scenarios. The system employs adaptive filtering techniques that offer a high degree of immunity to harmonics, inter-harmonics and notch-types disturbances over the full range of operation. In the event of input transients such as balanced/unbalanced amplitude sags and swells, balanced/unbalanced phase steps and positive/negative frequency ramps (≤250Hz/sec), the system achieves a worst case transient response time of 2 cycles of the input period. The PSF-SS is implemented as a proof of concept on a field programmable gate array. The proposed system has the highest frequency ramp tracking capability of any positive sequence synchronization system developed to date.Index Terms -dynamic frequency range, fast transient recovery, grid monitoring and control, positive sequence tracking, synchronization system.
The design of a 4× blind analogue-to-digital converter (ADC)-based receiver implemented in 65 nm CMOS technology is presented. The ADC, which has three levels with two adjustable thresholds, effectively implements a speculative decision-feedback equaliser. By reducing the ADC resolution and by simplifying the digital clock and data recovery design, the power consumption is reduced by a factor of 2 compared with previous works. Measurement results confirm a bit error rate of <10 −12 at 5 Gbit/s with a high-frequency jitter tolerance of 0.39 and 0.31 UI pp for a 9.3 and a 12.9 dB FR4 channel, respectively. The entire receiver consumes 63 and 86 mW for the respective channels.
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