It became more than evident that the era of Industry 4.0 is upon us, where industrial manufacturing companies are facing strong demand to increase their productivity by realizing smart factories and smart manufacturing. With the advantages of high-tech devices and solutions such as IPCs, industrial automation and machine automation technologies, hardware-software integration and various others, it is now possible to foster the development of Industry 4.0 through three logical steps. The first step considers the implementation of equipment connectivity: devices, machines, production lines and factories are connected to the system, and therefore, data transparency as well as information visualization can be obtained. In addition, the second step involves data collection and integration, as well as valued-added products and services that are introduced for smart manufacturing services. Lastly, the third step of intelligent innovative services is the enabling of intelligent machinery and big data analysis. Given the aforementioned, smart factory can be defined as a factory which harmonically implements Machine Automation, Equipment Monitoring & Optimization, Machine Monitoring & Predictive Maintenance, MES Integration & Production Traceability, Factory Energy Management System and Factory Environment Monitoringdeveloped with integrated automation and cloud innovation for industry 4.0. Having in mind that the aim of this paper is to review the possibilities and concerns of Energy Management in Industry 4.0 Ecosystem, this topic will be devoted to the greatest attention, while the importance of other equally relevant topics that are simply not the subject of this review should not be diminished or underestimated.
For many years, Poka-Yoke (PY) has been used as one of the means to overcome challenges that can affect errors and defects in process. It is a widely accepted concept-a way of thinking, which undoubtedly contributed to significant results in a struggle against the occurrence of errors in various work processes. However, although PY seems to be well understood in theory, there are a large number of scientific papers and books that still seek to clarify and redefine PY, in order to finally implement its application at full capacity. Many authors, as it seems, want to emphasize inconsistencies in current theoretical and practical experiences. This claim is supported by the fact that over 50 similar and different PY definitions have been found in literature. It seems that most researchers do not sufficiently perceive generally accepted attitudes in the field of PY, as well as differences and inconsistencies in some of them. Due to a sense of confusion during the process design stage, an effort to predict locations of possible sources of error is a direct consequence of the diffuse knowledge in the field, which imposes the need to change that state. This paper summarizes the latest studies and definitions in the field of PY applications, in order to propose a comprehensive and generally acceptable definition of PY. In order to find what is common to the most important attitudes in the field of PY, a systematic literature review has been undertaken, with the goal to identify the areas of disagreement, to recognize any gaps that exist and outline personal experiences and attitudes in the field. The novel approach to the types of PY presented in this paper should provide a solid foundation for the creation and development of PY model and a systematic approach to the application of PY in production and service systems. Finally, some conclusions and prospective future research directions are presented. Highlights • Detailed systematic literature review on Poka-Yoke (PY) is presented. • More than 50 examples and case studies on PY are reviewed. • A novel approach to types of PY is proposed. • Examples of PY devices are created and discussed.
Nowadays many companies are applying the lean philosophy and value stream mapping (VSM) tool to eliminate and reduce losses and show possible places for further implementation of the lean concept. Since the system change takes place as a consequence, it is very useful to confirm the future system design performance before the actual implementation. This paper presents an application of VSM and computer simulation in a company for manufacturing and distribution of heating, cooling and neutral equipment for catering and trade industry. To improve the quotation creation process, the product configuration system is introduced. The performance of the new system design was confirmed using the discrete event simulation. Simulation results show several performance improvements. Conducted simulation experiments emphasize the better performance of new system design in terms of the accepted quotations, resource utilization, delivery time, work in process, non-value-added time and number of required operators.
In this writing paper an analysis of production system for assembly of cable harness from the point of the time for assembly and losses in working process has been implemented. A suggestion has been made according to a methodology for advancement in assembly system based on Lean concept. Based on this suggested methodology an optimization of numbers of working stations has been executed. The obtained results point out that efficient implementation of Lean concept in assembly process of cable harness is possible. At the end are given the appropriate conclusions and directions of future researches.Abstrakt U ovom radu je izvršena analiza proizvodnog sistema za montažu kablovskih snopova od trenutka montaže sa fokusom na gubitke u radnom procesu. Napravljen je predlog prema metodologiji za unapređenje u montažnom sistemu zasnovanom na Lean konceptu. Na osnovu predložene metodologije izvršena je optimizacija broja radnih stanica. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju na to da je moguća efikasna implementacija Lean koncepta u procesu montaže kablovskog snopa. Na kraju se daju odgovarajući zaključci i pravci budućih istraživanja. Ključne reči montaža, lean, kablovski snop
Photovoltaic (PV) systems, as well as other renewable energy systems, strive to be both energy efficient and cost competitive in order to emerge as a prominent mode of electricity production. However, conversion efficiency, defined as the percentage of solar insolation converted to electricity, has been one of the primary performance metrics for evaluating alternative PV technologies. Unfortunately, conversion efficiency only addresses the operational energy efficiency of a PV device. A more comprehensive energy analysis includes the total life-cycle of the PV system, encompassing raw material production, manufacturing, use, maintenance, and end-of-life management. Having this in mind, the aim of this paper is to provide a closer insight on the energy consumption intensity of the relevant processes from resource production processes to the end of life management of PV modules. In this paper a theoretical, conceptual and above all holistic model for life cycle energy analysis has been introduced and analysed, while the crucial process points, relevant in terms of energy recovery are identified and presented.
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