Introduction: Liver is affected by a variety of diseases, primary as well as secondary. The majority of chronic liver diseases may remain undiagnosed as some lesions have no clinical signs and symptoms. They are found incidentally during general health check-ups or at autopsy. Aims &Objective:- To study the histomorphological spectrum of liver lesions at autopsy irrespective of the cause of death., To assess the frequency of the different types of lesions. The present study was conducted on 400 liver autopsy Material And Methods: specimens received in the department of Pathology, Medical College, Baroda, Gujarat. Tissue sections from representative areas were processed, stained, and examined under the light microscope. Out of 400 specimens, 36 (9%) cases were autolyzed, 164(41%)cases showed conge Result: stion, followed by 110 (27.5%) cases of hepatic steatosis. Normal histology was found in 40(10%) cases, 20(5%) cases showed cirrhosis. Other ndings included periportal inammation in 10 (2.5%)cases, tuberculous granuloma in 5(1.25%)cases, metastatic tumor in 5(1.25%)cases, and 3(0.75%) cases showed the presence of sickle-shaped RBCs in blood vessels of the liver. Males predominated the study with a Male: Female ratio of 3.16:1. Maximum cases was in the age group of 31-40 years. Autopsy examination of liver is a valuable tool to identify silent Conclusion: liver diseases. In the present study, liver pathology is more common in males, the most common age group is 31-40 years, congestion and steatosis comprise signicant ndings
Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is a glial tumor which accounts for less than 1% of astrocytomas. PXA most commonly occurs in the temporal lobe in the outer cortex of brain and usually seen in young adults and children. As per 2020 WHO classification of CNS tumors, PXA with a mitotic activity ≥5 mitoses/10 HPF is defined as anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (APXA), WHO grade 3. Here we present a rare case of Anaplastic Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma developing in a female child of 11 years of age.A 11 years old female child presented with symptoms of continuous headache, giddiness, fever and vomiting since last 15 days. Computed Tomography of her brain revealed a soft tissue density mass lesion in right temporal lobe involving the insular cortex and capsuloganglionic region. The radiological differential diagnosis was a neoplastic lesion, most likely glioma. The patient underwent surgery for removal of temporal lobe tumor and the resected tumor bits were sent for histopathological assessment. Microscopically, many multinucleated lipidized giant cells were seen having eccentrically pushed nuclei, conspicuous nucleoli and abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. A second population of few spindled cells with less amount of cytoplasm was also noted in the intervening parenchyma. Immunohistochemical workup showed the tumor to be positive for GFAP, S-100, Synaptophysin, p53 and CD-68. The tumor was negative for CD34. Ki-67 index was 15-20%. A final diagnosis of Anaplastic Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma (grade 3) was made.APXA is a rare astrocytic tumor and has relatively more aggressive radiological and histomorphological features than pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas and therefore it needs to be identified and treated separately.
The role of the pathologist in the evaluation of breast cancer now transcends that of determining the correct morphologic diagnosis, including the grading and staging of the cancer. Lumpectomy or modified radical mastectomy is the most commonly used tools for disease management. The objective of this study is to identify the clinical, macroscopic and microscopic examination of breast cancer which evaluates details like age, laterality, tumor size, stage, grade, lympho-vascular invasion and lymph node status. The study comprised a total of 212 breast cancer patients of which 209 were females. The mean age was 51.16 years. Majority of female patients were within age group 41 to 50 years. Left breast was more commonly involved than right breast. Invasive ductal carcinoma was the most common observed histological type of breast carcinoma. Grade II tumors were most frequent followed by Grade III and Grade I. Maximum 125 cases (59%) were 2-5 cm size. Mean size was 4.8 cm. There was increased incidence of Lymphovascular invasion as grade increased. Maximum number of lymphnode involvement was seen in grade II followed by grade III cases. Present study provides significance of various prognostic factors in breast cancer.
Rosai-Dorfman Disease (RDD) is also known as Sinus Histiocytosis of Massive Lymphadenopathy(SHML). Clinically Rosai-Dorfman Disease is characterized by massive, painless, bilateral cervicallymph node enlargement, often mimics lymphoma. Microscopically, it shows dilatation of lymphaticsinuses occupied by numerous lymphocytes and proliferation of histiocytes with abundant paleeosinophilic cytoplasm containing engulfed lymphocytes or plasma cells- emperipolesis.
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