At low doses (10 and 25 ppm in drinking water), the effects of arsenic on hematopoietic indices and whole-brain neurotransmitter concentrations were more prominent in guinea pigs than in rats with some variability in the dose response.
SummaryMetallothionein genes (MT) are inducible by a variety of agents, including.heavy metals. We report the induction of MT expression by gallium arsenide (GaAs), a superior interrnetallic semiconductor material at two time intervals following single oral exposure in rats. The data is also supplemented with two additional groups exposed to gallium (111) as gallium oxide and arsenic (111) as sodium arsenite to determine which of the two moieties in GaAs is responsible for any such possible effects. The results indicate that GaAs administration does significantly induces MT in hepatic tissues accompanied by an increase in cytosolic glutathione, arsenic, zinc and copper concentration. It thus proves that arsenic moiety is chiefly responsible for such an effect.
Therapeutic Efficacy of a Few Diesters of Meso 2,3-DimercaptosuccinicAcid during SubChronic Arsenic Intoxication in Rats: S.J.S. FLORA, et al. Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Defence Research and Development Establishment-The therapeutic efficacy of four diesters derivatives of meso 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) was investigated in subchronic arsenic intoxication in rats. Dimethyl DMSA (DMDMSA), diethyl DMSA (DEDMSA), diisopropyl DMSA (DiPDMSA) and diisoamyl DMSA (DiADMSA) were the diesters of DMSA with methyl, ethyl, isopropyl and isoamyl alcohols and were administered for two 5 day courses of treatment in male rats pre-exposed to 100 ppm arsenic (III) for 8 weeks. The results show that treatment with these diesters was effective in decreasing blood and soft tissue arsenic contents but was only moderately effective in recovering biochemical indicators. The results suggest that these diesters could be effective arsenic chelators but may be inferior to DMSA in recovering biochemical/ clinical indicators following sub-chronic arsenic exposure.
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