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CD + counts were studied. Two hundred (40%) of the patients had normal abdominal ultrasound, while 60% (300) had various abnormalities. The common abnormalities included increased liver parenchymal echogenicity in 25.0%, hepatomegaly in 23.4%, splenomegaly in 6.6%, increased splenic echogenicity in 6.2% and thickened gallbladder wall in 12.6%, elevated renal parenchymal echogenicity in 6.4%, enlarged kidneys in 2.6%, lymphadenopathy in 6.0%, and ascites in 2.4%. Pelvic abscess was the least pathology in 0.2%.Most of the findings did not correlate with the patients' 4 CD + count except for lymphadenopathy and ascites. Although abdominal ultrasound examination is invaluable in the management of these patients, however, it has not shown to be useful in predicting the patients' immune status.

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Gangrene of the extremities in the newborn is extremely rare at birth. Less than 100 cases have been reported worldwide. Its etiology is obscure in many cases; however, some factors have been associated with it in the newborn, which include vascular injury and embolism. We report a case of a baby with congenital bilateral lower limb gangrene caused by thromboembolic phenomenon from retroplacental hematoma following abruptio placentae and highlight the challenges of managing such condition in resource-poor setting.

Background/Objectives: Acute appendicitis is one of the most frequent causes of acute abdomen. The clinical diagnosis is based on the case history and the physical examination. However, in some cases the typical clinical symptoms are equivocal or misleading at which time, making the diagnosis of appendicitis may be considerably difficult. Ultrasound may play a role in this class of patients. This article assesses the accuracy of this adjunctive test at our centre Methods: This is a six-year retrospective study from July 2000 to July 2005 looking at patients that had appendicectomy done at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Kaduna Nigeria. We analyzed postoperatively those with histological diagnosis of appendicitis who at the same time had preoperative ultrasound assessment for the main purpose of establishing appendicitis. The final histopathological evaluation was used as the standard to rate the efficacy of ultrasonographic diagnosis of appendicitis. Results: One hundred and forty nine patients 149 were documented. 128 had adequate data for further analysis and only. 78patients (60%) had ultrasound before surgery. The actual diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in our environment is 24.4%. Conclusions: Ultrasonography routine use in all our patients suspected of having classical appendicitis cannot be advocated at present.